湖北省武漢市2024-2025學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期（2月）調(diào)研考試英語 含解析

武漢市屆高中畢業(yè)生二月調(diào)研考試英語試卷第一部分聽力共兩節(jié)，滿分分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)共5小題每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的、、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman’swords?A.Convinced.B.Annoyed.C.Surprised.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.InaregistrationB.Inabar.C.Inthestreet.3.Whatdoesthemanlikeaboutthepainting?A.Thenaturalshadows.B.Thereal-lifescene.C.Thevividcolors.4.Whatisthemandoing?A.Helpingabeginner.B.hismuscles.C.Sellingamachine.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Wheretohavedinner.B.Whentomeetaneighbor.C.Whattoexpectfortheevening.第二節(jié)共小題每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的、、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第、7題。6.Whydoesthewomanwanttoaskforaleave?A.getmarried.B.vacationoverseas.C.attendawedding.7.Whenmighttheconversationtakeplace?A.InJuly.B.InAugust.C.InSeptember.聽第7段材料，回答第8至題。8.WhatisMikeprobablydoingnow?第1頁/共24頁A.Havingabath.B.acall.C.Fryingsomeeggs.9.Whathappenedtothewomanthismorning?A.Shefailedtostarthercar.B.Shegottrappedinaflood.C.Sheencounteredawaterleak.10.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers’workingplace?A.It’sinbadcondition.B.It’sshortofparkingspace.C.It’sinaconvenientposition.聽第8段材料，回答第至題。HowwillthemanandhiswifetraveltoMarrakech?A.Bybus.B.Byplane.C.Bytrain.12.Whatisthehighlightofthetripaccordingtothewoman?A.Hotelaccommodation.B.Roomservice.C.Qualityfood.13.Whatmayattractthemanmost?A.Affordablecost.B.activities.C.Naturalviews.聽第9段材料，回答第至題。14.WhatwillJakedothisafternoon?A.Makesomesnacks.B.adanceclass.C.Practisesoccer.15.HowisMel’sliferightnow?A.B.Exciting.C.Boring.16.WhatcanweknowaboutAmy?A.Sheisgoodatcooking.B.Sheisfondofexercising.C.Sheisresponsibleforteaching.17.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenMelandDan?A.Relatives.B.Neighbors.C.Acouple.聽第段材料，回答第至題。18.WhatkindofpersonisBuckminsterFuller?A.Open-minded.B.Far-sighted.C.High-spirited.19.WhatcanwelearnaboutBuckminster’sstructure?A.Itreducesconstructiontime.B.Itmakesfulluseofresources.C.Itdrawsinspirationfromtheglobe.第2頁/共24頁20.Whatisthespeaker?A.Auniversitylecturer.B.Ahousedesigner.C.Aprogramhost.第二部分閱讀共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共小題每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AtheUnitedNationsintheheartofNewCity!GuidedtoursanengagingwaytoexploretheUnitedNationsHeadquarters.theSecurityCouncilChamber(會議廳),theCouncilChamber,andtheEconomicandSocialCouncil(ECOSOC)Chamber.LearnabouthowtheUnitedNationsaddressesissuessuchasclimatechange,peaceandsecurity,humanrights,andhowyoucansupporttheSustainableDevelopmentGoals.Duetohigh-levelmeetingsofHeadsofStateandGovernment,UnitedNationsHeadquartersandChambersmaysometimesclosetothepubliconveryshortnotice.RegisterOnline:AllvisitorstoUnitedNationsHeadquartersmustregisterontheUnitedNationsSecuritypriortoarrival.Clickheretoregister.Bring合法的)identification:mustbringanoriginal,government-issuedphotoIDfromaUNMemberStateorNon-MemberObserverStatetopresentatentry.Acceptableformsincludepassport,driver’slicenseandnationalidentitycard.Pleasenote:Onlyoriginal,physicalIDsareaccepted(nophotocopiesordigitalcopies).Forsecurityreasons,childrenunder5yearsofagearenotpermittedontour.Firsttourleavingat9:30,lasttourleavingat4:45.Pleaseplantoarrive60minutesbeforeyourtour.TheUNHeadquartersisclosedonweekendsandpublicholidays.Adult:$26.00Student(Ages13+):$18.00Child(Ages5-12):$15.00A10%bookingfeewillapply.第3頁/共24頁1.Whatcanvisitorsdoduringthetour?A.ExploretheworkingroutineoftheUN.BDesignclimateprojectsfortheUN.C.Attendhigh-levelmeetings.D.Deliverapublicspeech.2.Whatisamustforvisitorstotakethetour?A.Presentinganoriginalphotograph.B.Reachingtherequiredagelimit.C.Registeringonlineuponarrival.D.Bringingapassportcopy.3.Howmuchshouldacouplewitha15-year-oldpayforthetour?A.$77.B.$70.C.$67.D.$62.【答案】1.A2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹紐約聯(lián)合國總部的導(dǎo)游參觀項(xiàng)目，包括可參觀的地方、參觀要求、開放時間及收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等信息。【1題詳解】GuidedtoursanengagingwaytoexploretheUnitedNationsHeadquarters.theSecurityCouncilChamber(會議廳),theCouncilChamber,andtheEconomicandSocialCouncil(ECOSOC)Chamber.LearnabouthowtheUnitedNationsaddressesissuessuchasclimatechange,peaceandsecurity,humanrights,andhowyoucansupporttheSustainableDevelopmentGoals.(有導(dǎo)游帶領(lǐng)參觀活動提供了一種引人入勝的方式來探索聯(lián)合國總部。參觀安全理事會會議廳、托管理事會會議廳和經(jīng)濟(jì)及社會理事會會議廳。了解聯(lián)合國如何處理氣候變化、和平與安全、人權(quán)等問題，以及你如何支持可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標(biāo)。)”可知，游客在參觀期間可以探索聯(lián)合國的工作日常，了解其處理各種問題的方式等。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】中“Forsecurityreasons,childrenunder5yearsofagearenotpermittedontour.(出于安全原因，5歲以下兒童不得參加參觀。)”可知，參加參觀的游客必須達(dá)到規(guī)定的年齡限制，即5歲及以上。故選B項(xiàng)。第4頁/共24頁【3題詳解】中“Adult:$26.00Student(Ages13+):$18.00A10%bookingfeewillapply.(成人：26美元；學(xué)生（1318美元；將收取10%的預(yù)訂費(fèi)。)”可知，一對夫婦是兩個成人，費(fèi)用為26×2=52151852+18=7010%的預(yù)訂費(fèi)70×10%=7美元，總共要支付70+7=77美元。故選A項(xiàng)。BthedynamicbeatofArethaFranklin’ssongs,familiessitinthecrowdatthehalloftheManillaSchool.Theyarewaiting,eagerforthemomentwhenstudentswillparticipateinaone-of-a-kindprogramcalledSpark.Themeetingwillpairstudentswithvolunteerapprentice(學(xué)徒)teachers.Lawyers,hairstylists,andsoftwaredeveloperswillmeetupwithstudentswhohaveselectedtheiroccupationsastheonestheywouldmostliketolearnabout.Sparkapprenticeshipsprovideworkplaceexperiencesthatbringeconomicallydisadvantagedteensintocontactwithaworldtheyhaveprobablyonlyimagined.Nationally,some30percentofUShighschoolstudentsdropout.Whileimprovedcurricula(課程),betterteaching,andmodernequipmentmaybepartofthesolution,“youhavetohavetherelevance,”saysMr.Balmeofhissix-year-oldSparkprogram.Thegapbetweenthoseworlds—oneoflimitedexpectationsandhardship,theotherofsuccessandprosperity(繁榮)—hitBalmeonedaywhenhewasvolunteeringasascienceteacheratapublicschoolinPhiladelphia.HewasalsostudyingattheWhartonSchoolofBusinessattheUniversityofPennsylvania.Thepublicschoolwasinbadshape,withahighdropoutrate.WhilewalkingbacktoWharton,Balmerealizedhewas“seeingalltheresources,andyetthesekidshadnoideawhatwasrightthereallaroundthem.”That’swheneverythingfellintoplace.Theproblemandthesolutionwererightnexttoeachother.In2004,heandMeliaDickerfoundedSpark.Apprenticeshipsare“notrocketscience,”saysHollyDepatie,Sparkboardchair.Butothercoachingprograms,suchasBoysandGirlsClubsofAmerica,whilepairingyoungsterswithadults,don’tspecificallytargetlearningaboutjobs.Sofar,Sparkhascreatedmorethan700apprenticeshipsintheSanFranciscoBayAreaandLosAngeles.4HowdoesSparkhelpthestudents?A.Byupdatingteachingequipment.B.Byofferinghands-onexperiences.第5頁/共24頁C.Byfinancingyoungapprentices.D.Byimprovingschoolcurricula.5.WhatisthemajordriveforBalmetosetupSpark?A.ThedropoutrateofUShighschools.B.Theprosperityinfamousuniversities.C.Theexpectationofdisadvantagedteens.D.Theimbalanceineducationalresources.6.WhichwordbestdescribesBalme?A.Reserved.B.Grateful.C.Observant.D.Modest.7.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.showSpark’sdistinction.B.justifysimilarprograms.C.tackleSpark’schallenge.D.criticizecurrentsituations.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【解析】Spark的區(qū)別?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Sparkapprenticeshipsprovideworkplaceexperiencesthatbringeconomicallydisadvantagedteensintocontactwithaworldtheyhaveprobablyonlyimagined.(Spark學(xué)徒計(jì)劃提供了職場經(jīng)驗(yàn)，讓經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況不佳的青少年接觸到一個他們可能只是想象出來的世界。)”可知，該項(xiàng)目通過提供實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)幫助學(xué)生。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thegapbetweenthoseworlds—oneoflimitedexpectationsandhardship,theotherofsuccessandprosperity(繁榮)—hitBalmeonedaywhenhewasvolunteeringasascienceteacheratapublicschoolinPhiladelphia.(當(dāng)Balme個世界之間的鴻溝——一個是期望有限、充滿艱辛的世界，另一個是成功與繁榮的世界。)”可知，教育資源的不平衡促使他創(chuàng)立Spark。故選D。第6頁/共24頁【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Thegapbetweenthoseworlds—oneoflimitedexpectationsandhardship,theotherofsuccessandprosperity(繁榮)—hitBalmeonedaywhenhewasvolunteeringasascienceteacheratapublicschoolinPhiladelphia.(當(dāng)Balme個世界之間的鴻溝——一個是期望有限、充滿艱辛的世界，另一個是成功與繁榮的世界。)”可知，Balme能發(fā)現(xiàn)教育資源的不平衡問題，說明他善于觀察的。故選C。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Apprenticeshipsare“notrocketscience,”saysHollyDepatie,Sparkboardchair.Butothercoachingprograms,suchasBoysandGirlsClubsofAmerica,whilepairingyoungsterswithadults,don’tspecificallytargetlearningaboutjobs.(Spark董事會主席HollyDepatie表示，學(xué)徒“不是火箭科學(xué)”。但其他BoysandGirlsClubsofAmerica作。)SparkSparkA。CAchallengeofteachingmathematicsratherthan,say,historyisthatthehomeworkisalothardertocomeupwith.Afterall,HenryVIIIagoodking?”isareasonablequestiontoaskeitheraclassroomofnine-year-oldsoralecturetheatreofpostgraduates.But“Solvethisquadraticequation(二次方程式)”wouldleavetheclassroomnonplussedandthelecturetheatreunimpressed.Mathsislearnedbydoinganddesigningaproblemthatiseasyenoughtobeaccessible,yethardenoughtobesatisfying,isabigheadacheinitself.Partlyforthisreasonbooksthatsuccessfullycommunicatehowmathematiciansthink,butareaimedatthosenotalreadyinthefield,arebothvaluableandrare.NowSirDavidSpiegelhalter,professorofstatisticsattheUniversityofCambridge,hasaddedtothecategorywithTheArtofUncertainty.Hisnewbookwillappealtomanymorethanjustmathematicians,foritstopicisuniversal:howtoanalysechance,uncertaintyandrisk.Ifanewvirusisrunningwildandthemajorityofdeathsareamongthosewhohavereceivedanewervaccine(疫苗),isthatevidencethatthevaccinationprogramisharmful?Howmuchoftopfootballteams’performancecomesdowntoluckratherthanskill?ProfessorSpiegelhalter’sexplorationofsuchquestionsisdelightful.First,heusesthemtoillustratebroaderideasabouthowprobabilityandstatisticswork.SoadiscussionofvaccinesafetyproceedstoBayes’stheorem,aprocedureforimprovingone’sjudgmentofprobabilitiesasnewevidencecomestolight.ThejoyofProfessorSpiegelhalter’sapproachisthathereachesthisdeeptruththroughnothingmorethansomeintuitive(直覺的)assumptionsandverysimplemaths.第7頁/共24頁Mostimportant,though,isProfessorSpiegelhalter’sskillatcommunicatingtheseideas.Muchofprobabilityandstatisticscangoagainstourintuition,andthemathsbehinditisoftenfearsome.Butthisisnotadifficultbooktoreadorunderstand.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nonplussed”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Impressed.B.Inspired.C.Confused.D.Amused.9.WhatisthebiggestsellingpointofTheArtofUncertaintyaccordingtotheauthor?A.Itcastslightonmaththoughts.B.Itcoversvarioustopics.C.Itmakessensetoordinarypeople.D.Itsatisfiesmathsprofessionals.10.WhydoestheauthormentionBayes’stheoreminparagraph3?A.provethereliabilityofintuition.B.revealthebook’sacademicnature.C.underlinethedeeptruthofjudgement.D.demonstrateSpiegelhalter’swritingapproach.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Amasterofmathteaching.B.Abookonintuitiveassumptions.C.Adiscussionofriskmanagement.D.Aguidetounderstandingprobability.【答案】8.C9.C10.DD【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了一本名為《不確定性的藝術(shù)》的新書，該書通過直觀假設(shè)和簡單數(shù)學(xué)闡述了深刻真理，且文字通俗易懂，適合廣大讀者閱讀?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中的“But‘Solvethisquadraticequation(二次方程式)’wouldleavetheclassroomnonplussedandthelecturetheatreunimpressed.(里的聽眾不感興趣)”可知，and后并列的信息為“講堂里的聽眾不感興趣”，因此劃線詞信息應(yīng)該與其保持一致，即對于讓學(xué)生“解這個二次方程”的反應(yīng)應(yīng)該是感到困惑不解。因此，劃線詞意為“困惑的，不第8頁/共24頁知所措的”與C選項(xiàng)“Confused.(感到困惑的)”為同義詞。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Hisnewbookwillappealtomanymorethanjustmathematicians,foritstopicisuniversal:howtoanalysechance,uncertaintyandrisk.(他的新書將吸引更多的人，而不僅僅是數(shù)學(xué)家，因?yàn)樗闹黝}是普遍的：如何分析機(jī)會，不確定性和風(fēng)險。)”可知，因?yàn)樵摃黝}的普遍性，他的新書不僅僅會義。故選C項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“First,heusesthemtoillustratebroaderideasabouthowprobabilityandstatisticswork.SoadiscussionofvaccinesafetyproceedstoBayes’stheorem,aprocedureforimprovingone’sjudgmentofprobabilitiesasnewevidencecomestolight.(何工作的更廣泛的思想。因此，關(guān)于疫苗安全性的討論就涉及到了貝葉斯定理，這是一個隨著新證據(jù)的出)”以及“ThejoyofProfessorSpiegelhalter’sapproachisthathereachesthisdeeptruththroughnothingmorethansomeintuitive(直覺的)assumptionsandverysimplemaths.(斯皮格爾哈爾特教授的方法的樂趣在于，他只是通過一些直覺假設(shè)和非常簡單的數(shù)學(xué)就得出了這個深刻的真理。)”可知，作者在第三段中提到貝葉斯定理是為了證明斯皮格爾哈爾特的寫作方法，即通過簡單的直覺假設(shè)和數(shù)學(xué)得出深刻的真理。故選D項(xiàng)?！绢}詳解】NowSirDavidSpiegelhalter,professorofstatisticsattheUniversityofCambridge,hasaddedtothecategorywithTheArtofUncertainty.Hisnewbookwillappealtomanymorethanjustmathematicians,foritstopicisuniversal:howtoanalysechance,uncertaintyandrisk.(現(xiàn)在，劍橋大學(xué)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)教授大衛(wèi)?斯皮格爾哈爾特(DavidSpiegelhalter)用《不確定性的藝術(shù)》(TheArtofUncertainty)一書為這個類別增添了新的內(nèi)容。他的新書將吸引更多非數(shù)學(xué)家的人群，因?yàn)樗闹黝}是普遍的：如何分析機(jī)會、不確定性和風(fēng)險。)主題是關(guān)于如何分析機(jī)會、不確定性和風(fēng)險的，即本文主要講的是一本關(guān)于理解概率的指南。D選項(xiàng)“Aguidetounderstandingprobability.(理解概率的指南。)”符合文章主旨。故選D項(xiàng)。DAcornplantknowshowtofindwaterinsoilwiththeverytipsofitsroots,butsomevarieties,includingmanyusedfordevelopinghigh-outputcornintheU.S.,appeartohavelostpartofthatability,accordingtoaStanford-ledstudy.climatechangeincreasingdroughts,thefindingsholdpotentialfordevelopingmoredrought-resistant第9頁/共24頁varietiesofcorn.Thestudy,publishedinthejournalScience,uncoversgeneticmechanisms(遺傳機(jī)制)behind“hydropatterning”,orhowplantrootsbranchtowardwaterandavoiddryspacesinsoil.Inparticular,theresearchersdiscoveredthatethylene,aplanthormone(激素)knowntohelpbananasripen,alsoinfluenceshowrootsgrowtoseekwater.Forthisstudy,theresearchersdevelopedanew,simplifiedwaytostudywatersensitivityinroots.TheyfoundcornvarietiesadaptedtohotandwetregionslikeMexicowereverygoodatmakingnewrootbranchestowardwaterandavoidingdryareas.Incontrast,thevarietiesadaptedtomoderateregionsofNorthAmericafrequentlygrewrootsrandomlywithoutdistinguishingbetweendryandwetareasinthesoil.“Interestingly,theplantsthatarebetteratsensingwherethewaterisarealsomakingdeeperrootsystems,”saidleadauthorJohannesScharwies.“Oneideaisthatiftheplantdoesn’twastetimegrowingrootbranchesintoplaceswhereitdoesn’tfindanywaterandnutrients,thenithasmoreenergytogrowdeeperdownwherewaterismorelikely.”Geneticanalysesrevealtwoplanthormones,auxinandethylene,playaroleinhowcornrootsrespondtowater.Whileauxinwasalreadyknowntohelpcontrolthisprocess,ethylene’sinvolvementwasanewdiscovery.Inexperimentswiththalecress—amodelplantoftenusedinresearch—theresearchersfoundauxinsignalingpromotesrootbranchdevelopmenttowardwater,whileethylenestopsbranchingwhentherootisexposedtoair.Furtherresearchisneededtobetterunderstandtheinteractionofthesegeneticpathwaysbeforecornvarietiescanbedevelopedwithmoredrought-resistantrootsystems,butthefindingshighlightthesignificanceofstudyingtheselocalizedresponsesatroottips,researcherssaid.12.WhatistheprimaryfocusoftheStanford-ledstudy?A.Drought-resistantcornvarieties.B.Ethylene’sonfruitripening.C.Geneticregulationofrootbranching.D.Impactofclimatechangeonplantroots.13.WhatcanbeinferredfromJohannesScharwies’remarks?A.Planthormonesmakeabigdifferencetorootgrowth.B.Nutrientsguaranteebetterwater-seekingrootsystems.C.Rootbranchingconservesenergyforhigherproduction.D.Strongerhydropatterningwaslinkedtogreaterrootdepth.第10頁/共24頁14.Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytalkabout?A.Modelplantsinresearch.B.Hormones’roleinrootgrowth.C.Geneticanalysismethods.D.Findingsofpreviousresearch.15.Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggestfutureresearchdo?A.Prioritizedevelopmentofnewcornvarieties.B.outthemechanismsofgeneticinteractions.C.Concentratemerelyonlocalizedrootresponses.D.Expandpracticalapplicationsofhydropatterning.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是斯坦福大學(xué)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項(xiàng)研究揭示了玉米根系如何感知土壤水分并生長分支的遺傳機(jī)制?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thestudy,publishedinthejournalScience,uncoversgeneticmechanismsbehind“hydropatterning”,orhowplantrootsbranchtowardwaterandavoiddryspacesinsoil.(上的研究揭示了“水模式”背后的遺傳機(jī)制，即植物的根是如何向水分支并避開土壤中的干燥空間的。)”可知，斯坦福大學(xué)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的這項(xiàng)研究的主要焦點(diǎn)是根分枝的遺傳調(diào)控。故選C。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段““Interestingly,theplantsthatarebetteratsensingwherethewaterisarealsomakingdeeperrootsystems,”saidleadauthorJohannesScharwies.(首席作者JohannesScharwiesJohannesScharwies的話中可以推斷出更強(qiáng)的水模式與更大的根深有關(guān)。故選D?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“Geneticanalysesrevealtwoplanthormones,auxinandethylene,playaroleinhowcornrootsrespondtowater.Whileauxinwasalreadyknowntohelpcontrolthisprocess,ethylene’sinvolvementwasanewdiscovery.(已知生長素有助于控制這一過程，但乙烯的參與是一個新發(fā)現(xiàn)。)”可知，第五段主要講的是激素在根生長中的作用。故選B。第11頁/共24頁【15題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Furtherresearchisneededtobetterunderstandtheinteractionofthesegeneticpathwaysbeforecornvarietiescanbedevelopedwithmoredrought-resistantrootsystems,butthefindingshighlightthesignificanceofstudyingtheselocalizedresponsesatroottips,researcherssaid.(研究人員說，在培育出具有更抗旱根系的玉米品種之前，需要進(jìn)一步的研究來更好地了解這些遺傳途徑的相互作用，但是這些發(fā)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)調(diào)了研究根尖上這些局部反應(yīng)的重要性。)”可知，最后一段建議未來的研究找出基因相互作用的機(jī)制。故選B。第二節(jié)共5小題每小題分，滿分分)Ihatedwritinggrowingup.ButIcouldn’tavoidit:learningEnglishwasamustinhighschool.Forhours,Istaredatblankpages,tryingtoturnmydisorganizedthoughtsintofluentsentences.Itriedmybestbutmyteacherswouldreturnmypaperslitteredwithred.Iwasfrustratedtonoend.____16____AndthatwasOK.Ididn’thavetobegoodateverything.____17____IlikeditthatobjectivetruthcouldbefoundifIsearchedproperly.Incollege,Ijoinedaresearchlabtoenhanceconductorefficiency,andafterayearofhardwork,wedevelopedadesignthathalvedenergylosses.However,thejoywasshort-livedasIhadtowritearesearchpaperaboutourfindings.IknewthatifIwantedtobecomeanacademic,Iwouldneedtospendtimepenningpapers.Butwithmyawfultrackrecordwithwriting,Iwasscaredoffailing.Inapanic,Iaskedagraduatestudentinmylabforhelp.definedagoalforthepaper,andIcarefullywroteanoutline.ButwhenIaskedhimforfeedback,Isoonfoundthepapercoveredinredmarks.____18____BeforeIcouldgiveupindefeat,though,thegraduatestudentexplainedthoseredmarksdidn’tmeanIwasabadwriter.____19____Itrequiresrevisingyourwork,oftenseveraltimes.Ikeptimprovingtheoutlineofmypaper,eventuallyturningitintosentencesandparagraphs.Myinitialdraftwasn’tperfect.Ihadburiedafewkeytakeaways,andtheintroductionwasmissingimportantcontext.Butwithhelp,Ifinallymadeit.Fromthenon,writingbecameoneofmyfavoritepartsofresearch.____20____ButIcamearound.Allittookwassometrialanderror.A.“Notagain,”Iscreamedinside.B.Ishouldviewitinapositiveway.C.MaybeIwasn’tcutoutforwriting.D.isn’taone-and-donething.第12頁/共24頁E.Isoonrealizedwritingwasmystrength.F.Iswitchedtotheworldofmathandscience.G.Ihadneverimagineditinmywildestdreams.【答案】16.C17.F18.A19.D20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者從討厭寫作到逐漸愛上寫作的轉(zhuǎn)變過程，通過不斷修改和努力，作者最終克服了對寫作的恐懼，并將其視為研究中最喜歡的部分。【16題詳解】前文“Forhours,Istaredatblankpages,tryingtoturnmydisorganizedthoughtsintofluentsentences.Itriedmybestbutmyteacherswouldreturnmypaperslitteredwithred.Iwasfrustratedtonoend.(好幾個小時里，我盯著空白的頁面，試圖將雜亂無章的想法轉(zhuǎn)化為流暢的句子。我盡了最大努力，但老師返還給我的作業(yè)上總是布滿紅色的批注。我感到無比沮喪)”敘述“我”很難寫出作文，即使盡力了，得到的反饋也不好，因此感AndthatwasOK.Ididn’thavetobegoodateverything.()”表明“我”用不必什么都擅長安慰自己，因此C項(xiàng)“MaybeIwasn’tcutoutforwriting.(也許我不是寫作的料)”符合語境，承前啟后。故選C?！?7題詳解】后文“IlikeditthatobjectivetruthcouldbefoundifIsearchedproperly.Incollege,Ijoinedaresearchlabtoenhanceconductorefficiency,andafterayearofhardwork,wedevelopedadesignthathalvedenergylosses.(我喜歡這樣的事實(shí)：只要我認(rèn)真探索，就能找到客觀真理。在大學(xué)里，我加入了一個研究實(shí)驗(yàn)室，致力于提高導(dǎo)體效率。經(jīng)過一年的努力，我們開發(fā)出了一種設(shè)計(jì)，將能量損耗減少了一半)”敘述“我”喜歡探索客F項(xiàng)“Iswitchedtotheworldofmathandscience.(我轉(zhuǎn)向了數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)領(lǐng)域)”符合語境，指出“我”進(jìn)入了數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)領(lǐng)域，適合作為段首句，引出后文內(nèi)容。故選F?！?8題詳解】前文“definedagoalforthepaper,andIcarefullywroteanoutline.ButwhenIaskedhimforfeedback,Isoonfoundthepapercoveredinredmarks.(反饋時，很快發(fā)現(xiàn)論文上布滿了紅色的批注)”敘述“我”寫了論文提綱，但得到的反饋依舊不好，因此A項(xiàng)““Notagain,”Iscreamedinside.()”符合語境，描述“我”內(nèi)心恐懼的心理，承接前文。故選A?！?9題詳解】后文“Itrequiresrevisingyourwork,oftenseveraltimes.Ikeptimprovingtheoutlineofmypaper,eventually第13頁/共24頁turningitintosentencesandparagraphs.(將其轉(zhuǎn)化為句子和段落)D項(xiàng)“isn’taone-and-donething.(寫作不是一勞永逸的事)”符合語境，表明寫作不是一次就完成的，引出后文。故選D?！?0題詳解】前文“Fromthenon,writingbecameoneofmyfavoritepartsofresearch.(從那時起，寫作成為了我最喜歡的研究環(huán)節(jié)之一)G項(xiàng)“Ihadneverimagineditinmywildestdreams.(我做夢也沒想到這事)”符合語境，表明“我”從未想過自己會愛上寫作，承接前文，其中的it指代前一句的內(nèi)容。故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共小題，每題1分，滿分分)SincethebeginningofmyPh.D.,mylifehadbeenpackedwithactivities.Besidesworkingfulltimeonmyownresearch,I____21____mycolleagues’experimentsbyhelpingwithtaskslikedataanalysis.IattendedeverycoursethatIcould,believingmyabilityto____22____atightschedulewasameasureofmy____23____.However,behindmybusynesslayanundeniabletruth—Iwasburnedout.Myattentionwas____24____—Icouldn’tputmybestworkintoa____25____.Thenafteramajorerrorinmyresearchpaper,acolleaguecameand____26____,needtoraiseyourworkingapproach,butmoreimportantly,youneedto____27____.”Itookhisadvice.Ipurchasedaseparateworkphone,whichIwouldleave____28____intheevenings.Ialsostartedtosetclear____29____aroundmyworkhoursandbecamemore_____30_____abouttheprojectsItookon.Initially,IfeltIwasdoingsomethingthatmight_____31_____mycareer.ButmyprioritiesbecameclearerasItookmoretimeto_____32_____andreflectonmywork._____33_____,IrealizedIreallylikedwritingthethesisandputmoretimeandintothem.Ultimately,this_____34_____madememoreproductive.Creatingspaceforyourselfisn’tasignof_____35_____;it’sawaytofocusonwhattrulymatterstoyou.21.A.gradedB.aidedC.fundedD.scheduled22.A.assignB.manageC.delayD.decline23.A.patienceB.competenceC.knowledgeD.ambition24.A.drawnB.focusedC.dividedD.directed25.A.achievementsB.coursesC.rewardsD.tasks26.A.orderedB.blamedC.suggestedD.investigated27.A.slowdownB.hangonC.cheerupD.fightback第14頁/共24頁28.A.untouchedB.unchargedC.unpaidD.unlocked29.A.guidelinesB.deadlinesC.goalsD.boundaries30.A.selectiveB.curiousC.confidentD.anxious31.A.launchB.improveC.D.lengthen32.A.researchB.experimentC.breatheD.battle33.A.ForinstanceB.InadditionC.BycontrastD.Asalways34.A.beliefB.trainingC.purchaseD.change35.A.showingB.breakingdownC.fadingawayD.fallingbehind【答案】21.B22.B23.B24.C25.D26.C27.A28.A29.D30.A31.C32.C33.A34.D35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者讀博士期間，因忙碌于各項(xiàng)事務(wù)導(dǎo)致精力耗盡、工作失誤，在同事的建議下開始調(diào)整工作方式，給自己留出空間，最終變得更高效，并認(rèn)識到給自己留出空間并非落后的表現(xiàn)，而是專注于真正重要事情的一種方式?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：除了全職從事自己的研究之外，我還通過幫助完成數(shù)據(jù)分析等任務(wù)來幫助同事進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。A.graded評分，分級；B.aided協(xié)助；C.funded資助；D.scheduled安排時間，預(yù)定。根據(jù)下文“byhelpingwithtaskslikedataanalysis”可知，作者通過幫忙做數(shù)據(jù)分析等任務(wù)來“協(xié)助（aided實(shí)驗(yàn)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我參加了我所能參加的每一門課程，我相信我管理緊湊日程的能力是對我能力A.assignB.manageC.delayD.declinebelievingmyabilityto...atightschedule”可知，作者相信自己“安排（manageB項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我參加了我所能參加的每一門課程，我相信我管理緊湊日程的能力是對我能力A.patienceB.competenceC.knowledgeD.ambition文“believingmyabilityto____2____atightschedulewasameasureofmy的能力是衡量自己“能力（competenceB項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的注意力被分散了——我不能把我最好的工作投入到一項(xiàng)任務(wù)中。A.drawn第15頁/共24頁B.focusedC.dividedD.directedIwasburnedout.”以及下文“Icouldn’tputmybestworkintoa...”可知，作者精力耗盡，注意力“分散（dividedC項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的注意力被分散了——我不能把我最好的工作投入到一項(xiàng)任務(wù)中。A.achievementsB.coursesC.rewardsD.tasksBesidesworkingfulltimeonmyownresearch”以及“Icouldn’tputmybestwork投入到“任務(wù)（tasksD項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】A.orderedB.blamedC.suggested建議；D.investigatedneedtoraiseyourworkingapproach,butmoreimportantly,youneedto...”可知，同事過來“建議（suggestedC項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】A.slowdown放慢，慢下來；B.hangon堅(jiān)持，不掛斷；C.cheerup使高興，使振作；D.fightback反擊。根據(jù)上文“Iwasburnedout”可知，作者之前過于忙碌導(dǎo)致精力耗盡，所以同事建議他“慢下來（slowdownA項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】A.untouchedB.uncharged未充電的；C.unpaid未支付的；D.unlocked未上鎖的。根據(jù)句意以及“Ipurchasedaseparateworkphone,whichIwouldleave...intheevenings.”可知，作者買了一部單獨(dú)的工作手機(jī)，晚上讓它“不被使用（untouchedA項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我也開始對我的工作時間設(shè)定清晰的界限，對我承擔(dān)的項(xiàng)目變得更有選擇性。A.guidelines指導(dǎo)方針；B.deadlines截止日期；C.goals目標(biāo)；D.boundaries界限。根據(jù)上文提到作者晚上不使用工作手機(jī)，以及下文“aroundmyworkhours”，可知作者開始在工作時間周圍設(shè)定明確的“界限（boundariesD項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我也開始對我的工作時間設(shè)定清晰的界限，對我承擔(dān)的項(xiàng)目變得更有選擇性。第16頁/共24頁A.selective有選擇性的；B.curious好奇的；C.confident自信的；D.anxious焦慮的。根據(jù)上文提到設(shè)定工作界限，以及下文“abouttheprojectsItookon”可知，作者對自己承擔(dān)的項(xiàng)目變得更“有選擇性（selectiveA項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：起初，我覺得我正在做的事情可能會影響我的職業(yè)生涯。A.launch發(fā)射，發(fā)起；B.improve提高；C.影響；D.lengthen延長。根據(jù)下文“reflectonmywork”可知，作者一開始覺得自己做的這些改變（設(shè)定界限、有選擇性等）可能會“影響（C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)我花了更多的時間來呼吸和反思我的工作時，我的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)變得更加清晰。A.researchB.experimentC.breatheD.battlemyprioritiesbecameclearerasItookmoretimeto...andreflectonmyworkbreathe里“breathe”表示放松、調(diào)整狀態(tài)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】A.Forinstance例如；B.Inaddition此外；C.Bycontrast相比之下；D.AsalwaysIrealizedIreallylikedwritingthethesisandputmoretimeandintothem.”可知，這是對前面“myprioritiesbecameclearer”的舉例說明。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，這個改變讓我更有效率了。A.belief信念；B.training訓(xùn)練；C.purchase購買；D.changechange讓作者更高效。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：為自己創(chuàng)造空間并不意味著落后；這是一種專注于對你真正重要的事情的方法。A.showing炫耀；B.breakingdown出故障，崩潰；C.fadingaway逐漸消失；D.fallingbehind落后。根據(jù)下文“it’sawaytofocusonwhattrulymatterstoyou.”可知，給自己留出空間不是“落后（fallingbehind的標(biāo)志，而是專注于真正重要事情的一種方式。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)共小題每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Theoasis(綠洲)valleyseemsstrangelyatoddswiththecommonimpressionofSaudiArabia.Makenomistake,thedesertishere,butso____36____(be)breathtakinggreenlandscapes.Eventhearea’sspellingis第17頁/共24頁unusual-AlUla.AlUla’s____37____(unique)notonlyliesinitsnaturalscenerybutinitsculturaland