江蘇省南通市海安市2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題 （解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省南通市海安市2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題第一部分：聽力（略）第二部分：閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAsthefirstsnowsoftheseasonstarttofall,mountaintownsacrosstheAlpswelcomewintervisitorswithsmartnewhotels.Andthisyearisnodifferent.Herearethebestresorts(旅游勝地)tobeddownintheAlpsthisseason.ExperimentalChalet,Vald’IsèreFrance’sskiresortwelcomesthenewesthotelofferingfromtheExperimentalcocktailgroup.Withtherebuildingofthislodge,you’llfindtwonewrestaurants,aspaandacocktailbar.Inaresortfilledwithaprès-ski,thislookssettostandinaclassofitsown.From€423(￡356)pernight,roomonly.TheBrecon,AdelbodenWelshchefBrynWilliamsopenedarestauranthereintheSwissAlpsafewyearsago.Runinsummer2024,theBreconrewardsvisitorswitha1960sstyle,apanoramic(全景的)livingroom,outdoorpoolandkitchen.Italsoprovidesaccesstothevalley’sthreeskiareas.From€650(￡580)pernight,all-inclusive.Eriro,EhrwalderAlmOnthefringe(邊緣)ofthebusyAustrianTyrolresortsishardly-heard-ofEhrwalderAlm.Accessibleonlybycable-car,Eriroistheresort’sonlyskiin,skiouthotel.Addinguidednaturehikesandyou’llfinditallwonderfullydistinctfromthetraditionalAustrianresort.From€1,550(￡1,300)pernight,all-inclusive.DerB?glerhof,AlpbachThishotelnearbeautifulAlpbachhasatimelessdevotiontohealthandwell-being.Thevalley’sgreatplacetostayhasalsohadamakeover(翻新),withanewwellnesscomplex,outdoorpool,yogastudioandexpandedfamilyspa.Andarounditallisthepeaceful70-mileSkiarea.From€340(￡290)pernight,B&B.1.WhatdoExperimentalChaletandTheBreconhaveincommon?A.Theyarenewandhavebeenreconstructed.B.Thevisitorscanenjoyfoodintheirrestaurants.C.Thevisitorscanparticipateinguidednaturehikes.D.Theexpenseofskiingisincludedintheroomrate.2.Whichhotelbestsuitspeoplewhovaluehealth?A.ExperimentalChalet. B.Eriro. C.DerB?glerhof. D.TheBrecon.3.Fromwhichwebsitecanwefindthearticle?A.. B..C.. D..【答案】1.B2.C3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章介紹了阿爾卑斯山地區(qū)幾家新的滑雪度假酒店的特色和價(jià)格?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ExperimentalChalet部分“Withtherebuildingofthislodge,you’llfindtwonewrestaurants,aspaandacocktailbar(隨著這座小屋的翻新重建，您會發(fā)現(xiàn)這里有兩家新的餐廳、一個(gè)水療中心和一個(gè)雞尾酒吧。)”以及TheBrecon部分“WelshchefBrynWilliamsopenedarestauranthereintheSwissAlpsafewyearsago(威爾士廚師BrynWilliams幾年前在這里的瑞士阿爾卑斯山開了一家餐廳。)”可知，這兩家酒店都有餐廳，游客可以在他們的餐廳享用食物。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DerB?glerhof部分“ThishotelnearbeautifulAlpbachhasatimelessdevotiontohealthandwell-being.Thevalley’sgreatplacetostayhasalsohadamakeover(翻新),withanewwellnesscomplex,outdoorpool,yogastudioandexpandedfamilyspa.(這家位于風(fēng)景如畫的阿爾普巴赫附近的酒店，始終致力于健康和福祉。這個(gè)山谷中絕佳的住宿地點(diǎn)也進(jìn)行了翻新，新增了一個(gè)健康養(yǎng)生中心、戶外泳池、瑜伽工作室以及擴(kuò)建的家庭水療中心。)”可知，DerB?glerhof酒店最適合注重健康的人。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Asthefirstsnowsoftheseasonstarttofall,mountaintownsacrosstheAlpswelcomewintervisitorswithsmartnewhotels.(隨著本季初雪的降臨，阿爾卑斯山的各個(gè)山鎮(zhèn)以嶄新的酒店迎接冬季游客。)”及全文可知，本文介紹了阿爾卑斯山的旅游勝地和滑雪度假酒店，最有可能出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)旅游或地理相關(guān)的網(wǎng)站上。故選D。BWithtwominutesleftontheclock,HongtusiHanDukaiandherpartnerGulhayatMamit,fromtheXinjiangUygurAutonomousRegion,decidedtostopswinging,andtheirfinalscorewasrecordedat61belltouches.“I’veneverexperiencedthiskindofresultbefore,”Hongtusisaid,“It’ssupereasyforustoreach140oreven150duringourtraining;reallyregrettable!”Theswing,knownas“dangqiuqian”inChinese,ispopularinChina,whichboastsalonghistory.BecominganofficialcompetitioneventintheNationalEthnicGames(全國民族運(yùn)動會)in1986,thefemale-onlyswingcompetitionsaredividedbyweightcategoriesintobelow55kgandabove,andfurtherdividedintoheightcompetitionsandthebell-touchingcompetitions,withbothsinglesanddoublesevents.Forthedoublesbell-touchingcompetition,twoathletesstandface-to-faceona40cmlongand10cmwidefootboardoftheswing,swingingtotouchabarwithbellsthatusuallystands7.2metershighand8.5metersaway,hangingunderanotherswingframe.Athleteswhotouchthebellsthemosttimesduringthe10-minutecompetitionwin.Asthefirstpairtocompeteinthewomen’sdoubles55kgbell-touchingcompetitionoftheswingevent,Gulhayatadmittedshewas“verynervous”beforesteppingontheswing,butthencalmeddownasHongtusiremindedher,“Don’tbenervous,keepupwithmyrhythm,andjustlistentome.”Bothofthemchangedfrommiddle-distancerunningtotheswing,andtheyfellinlovewithswingingquickly.In2022,bothHongtusiandGulhayatparticipatedinXinjiang’sethnicminoritiessportsgamesandthenpairedupfortheGamesthisyear.Despiteonlystartingtotraintogetherthreemonthsago,thenewpairquicklydevelopedagoodcooperation,improvingtheirperformance.“Ithinkswingingisthehardestofalltheevents.There’snobreakduringthe10-minutecompetition.There’snospacetorelax.Youhavetotrainforalongtimetoadapttotheropes;insistence,strengthandphysicalfitnessareallrequired,”explainedHongtusi.Atlasttheygotthethirdplace.4.HowdidHongtusifeelafterthecompetition?A.Shehadredeyes. B.Shewasinthepink.C.Shefeltabitblue. D.Shewasagreenhand.5.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph2and3?A.Tointroducetherulesofthecompetition.B.Toindicatethepopularityofthecompetition.C.Toaddbackgroundinformationonthecompetition.D.Toshowtheimportanceofcooperationinthecompetition.6.Whichoneistrueabouttheswingcompetition?A.Itrequirestrainingfromanearlyage. B.Itisopentowomenonly.C.Itallowstheparticipantstoresthalfway. D.Itisthehardestofalltheevents.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.Twogirls,shininginaswingcompetition.B.Swing,anewly-addedeventtotheGames.C.Twogirls,bringingtheswingtotheworld.D.Swing,atraditionalsportinethnicminorities.【答案】4.C5.C6.B7.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了兩位女孩在蕩秋千比賽中的表現(xiàn)、賽況及開始這項(xiàng)比賽的淵源等內(nèi)容?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中““I’veneverexperiencedthiskindofresultbefore,”Hongtusisaid,“It’ssupereasyforustoreach140oreven150duringourtraining;reallyregrettable!”(“我以前從未經(jīng)歷過這樣的結(jié)果，”洪圖西（音譯）說，“我們在訓(xùn)練中很容易達(dá)到140甚至150，真的很遺憾！”)”可知，洪圖西對比賽結(jié)果感到遺憾，有點(diǎn)悲傷（blue）。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。由第二段“Theswing,knownas“dangqiuqian”inChinese,ispopularinChina,whichboastsalonghistory.BecominganofficialcompetitioneventintheNationalEthnicGames(全國民族運(yùn)動會)in1986,thefemale-onlyswingcompetitionsaredividedbyweightcategoriesintobelow55kgandabove,andfurtherdividedintoheightcompetitionsandthebell-touchingcompetitions,withbothsinglesanddoublesevents.(這種秋千在中國很受歡迎，有著悠久的歷史。1986年成為全國少數(shù)民族運(yùn)動會的正式比賽項(xiàng)目，僅限女性參加的秋千比賽按重量類別分為55公斤以下及以上，并進(jìn)一步分為高度和觸鈴比賽，包括單人和雙人)”和第三段“Forthedoublesbell-touchingcompetition,twoathletesstandface-to-faceona40cmlongand10cmwidefootboardoftheswing,swingingtotouchabarwithbellsthatusuallystands7.2metershighand8.5metersaway,hangingunderanotherswingframe.Athleteswhotouchthebellsthemosttimesduringthe10-minutecompetitionwin.(在雙人觸鈴比賽中，兩名運(yùn)動員面對面站在一個(gè)40厘米長、10厘米寬的秋千踏板上，揮舞著觸鈴，觸鈴桿通常高7.2米，距離8.5米，懸掛在另一個(gè)秋千架下。在10分鐘比賽中觸鐘次數(shù)最多的運(yùn)動員獲勝)”可知，這兩段介紹了“蕩秋千”比賽的歷史、比賽規(guī)則及項(xiàng)目分組等背景信息，所以二三段是為了補(bǔ)充有關(guān)比賽的背景資料。故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中“BecominganofficialcompetitioneventintheNationalEthnicGames(全國民族運(yùn)動會)in1986,thefemale-onlyswingcompetitionsaredividedbyweightcategoriesintobelow55kgandabove,andfurtherdividedintoheightcompetitionsandthebell-touchingcompetitions,withbothsinglesanddoublesevents.(1986年成為全國少數(shù)民族運(yùn)動會的正式比賽項(xiàng)目，僅限女性參加的秋千比賽按重量類別分為55公斤以下及以上，并進(jìn)一步分為高度和觸鈴比賽，包括單人和雙人)”可知，蕩秋千比賽僅對女性開放，B項(xiàng)正確。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。由全文可知，本文講述了兩位女孩在蕩秋千比賽中的表現(xiàn)、賽況及開始這項(xiàng)比賽的淵源等內(nèi)容，A項(xiàng)“兩個(gè)女孩，在秋千比賽中大放異彩”是最合適的標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。CThereisalreadymuchevidencethatvolunteeringbenefitsadults’physicalandmentalhealth.Now,scientistshavefoundsimilarlinkstobothphysicalandmentalhealthinadolescents.A2023analysisfoundthatamongmorethan50,000adolescentsintheNationalSurveyofChildren’sHealth,youngpeoplewhohadparticipatedincommunityserviceorhadvolunteeredovertheprevious12monthsweremorelikelytobeingoodhealthandstayedcalmandincontrolwhenfacedwithchallenges,andtheadolescentswerelesslikelytobeanxious.Admittedly,thosefindingsareonlycorrelations(相關(guān)性).“Itcouldbethatthechildrenwhowerevolunteeringwerealreadyingreathealth,”saysstudyco-leaderKevinLanza.Butbecauseofanalarmingriseinmentalhealthissuesamongyoungpeople,hebelievesthattheearlyfindingsarepromisingenoughtodiginto.A2021reportwarnedthatthepercentageofyoungpeoplesufferingfromconstantsadnessorhopelessnesshadincreasedby40percentoverthepreviousdecade.Whenlookingforwaystoaddressit,researcherspointtotheroleof“contribution”-providingsupportorresourcestoothersorhelpingtoachieveasharedgoal-asanimportantpieceofsocialandemotionaldevelopmentforadolescents.Youngpeoplehaveadevelopmentalneedtoconnectandbelong.“Partoftheexplorationofadolescenceandyoungadulthoodisfiguringoutwhereyoucanbeneededanduseful-arguablykeyaspectsofourmentalhealth,”saysdevelopmentalpsychologistAndrewFuligni.Volunteeringisonegoodwayyoungpeoplecancontribute.Theimportanceofmatteringtoothersandtothelargerworldtranslatesreallywelltotheneedsofadolescentstohaveameaningfulroletoplayintheircommunity.However,theremaybeapotentialdisadvantageofvolunteering.Scientistshavefoundthatyoungpeople’smentalhealthcansufferiftheyfeeltheircontributionsarethoughtlowlyofbecauseoftheirsex,racialorethnicidentityortheyareforcedtoparticipate.Thus,adultscanhelpbyofferingchoicesandbyvetting(審查)volunteeropportunitiestobesurethatorganizationsarewellrunandequippedtoofferagoodexperience.8.WhatdoesLanzathinkaboutthefindingsin2023?A.Theyarevaluableandworthfurtherexploration.B.Theydiscoverteenagersfacemorementalhealthissues.C.Theyshowvolunteeringincreasesadults’overallwell-being.D.Theyprovethewillingnesstovolunteerdetermineschildren’shealth.9.Howdoes“contribution”addressadolescents’mentalproblems?A.Bycuringthemofthementalproblems.B.Byhelpingthemgainpraiseandsupport.C.Byenablingthemtofindasenseofpurpose.D.Bymeetingtheneedofmorevolunteersnow.10.Whomaysufferfromvolunteeringaccordingtothetext?A.John,adisabledboywhodidcommunityservicework.B.Taylor,ablackgirlwhowaspraisedforhelpingothers.C.Tom,akindchildwhohelpedinaschoolasavolunteer.D.Jessica,ahighschoolstudentwhohesitatedtovolunteer.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Theimportanceofdoingvoluntaryworking.B.Theapproachtovolunteeringbycontributing.C.Theseriousnessofadolescents’mentalhealthissues.D.Theimpactofvolunteeringonadolescents’mentalhealth.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要探討了年輕人從事志愿服務(wù)與其心理健康之間的關(guān)系。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Admittedly,thosefindingsareonlycorrelations.“Itcouldbethatthechildrenwhowerevolunteeringwerealreadyingreathealth,”saysstudyco-leaderKevinLanza.Butbecauseofanalarmingriseinmentalhealthissuesamongyoungpeople,hebelievesthattheearlyfindingsarepromisingenoughtodiginto.(誠然，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)只是相關(guān)性。該研究的共同負(fù)責(zé)人凱文·蘭扎說：“可能是那些參加志愿活動的孩子們已經(jīng)非常健康了?！钡捎谀贻p人中心理健康問題的驚人增長，他相信早期的發(fā)現(xiàn)是有希望深入研究的。)”可知，凱文·蘭扎認(rèn)為2023年的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)說明了參加志愿活動與青少年身體健康之間存在相關(guān)性，是有價(jià)值的，并且值得進(jìn)一步研究。故選A項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Whenlookingforwaystoaddressit,researcherspointtotheroleof“contribution”-providingsupportorresourcestoothersorhelpingtoachieveasharedgoal-asanimportantpieceofsocialandemotionaldevelopmentforadolescents.Youngpeoplehaveadevelopmentalneedtoconnectandbelong.(在尋找解決方法時(shí)，研究人員指出，“貢獻(xiàn)”的作用——為他人提供支持或資源，或幫助實(shí)現(xiàn)共同的目標(biāo)——是青少年社會和情感發(fā)展的重要組成部分。年輕人有聯(lián)系和歸屬感的發(fā)展需求。)”及第五段“Volunteeringisonegoodwayyoungpeoplecancontribute.Theimportanceofmatteringtoothersandtothelargerworldtranslatesreallywelltotheneedsofadolescentstohaveameaningfulroletoplayintheircommunity.(志愿服務(wù)是年輕人可以做出貢獻(xiàn)的一個(gè)好方法。對他人和更大的世界的重要性很好地轉(zhuǎn)化為青少年在他們的社區(qū)中扮演有意義的角色的需求。)”可知，通過為他人做出貢獻(xiàn)，即參與志愿服務(wù)，青少年找到了目標(biāo)感和歸屬感，從而有助于他們的心理健康。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“However,theremaybeapotentialdisadvantageofvolunteering.Scientistshavefoundthatyoungpeople’smentalhealthcansufferiftheyfeeltheircontributionsarethoughtlowlyofbecauseoftheirsex,racialorethnicidentityortheyareforcedtoparticipate.(然而，志愿服務(wù)可能有一個(gè)潛在的缺點(diǎn)?？茖W(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果年輕人覺得自己的貢獻(xiàn)因?yàn)樾詣e、種族或民族身份而被輕視，或者他們被迫參與，他們的心理健康就會受到影響。)”可知，被迫參與是影響年輕人參與志愿活動的一個(gè)因素，故在志愿服務(wù)上猶豫不決的高中生杰西卡可能會遭受志愿服務(wù)的痛苦。故選D項(xiàng)。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Thereisalreadymuchevidencethatvolunteeringbenefitsadults’physicalandmentalhealth.Now,scientistshavefoundsimilarlinkstobothphysicalandmentalhealthinadolescents.(已經(jīng)有很多證據(jù)表明，志愿服務(wù)有益于成年人的身心健康?，F(xiàn)在，科學(xué)家們在青少年的身體和心理健康方面都發(fā)現(xiàn)了類似的聯(lián)系。)”及第二段“A2023analysisfoundthatamongmorethan50,000adolescentsintheNationalSurveyofChildren’sHealth,youngpeoplewhohadparticipatedincommunityserviceorhadvolunteeredovertheprevious12monthsweremorelikelytobeingoodhealthandstayedcalmandincontrolwhenfacedwithchallenges,andtheadolescentswerelesslikelytobeanxious.(2023年的一項(xiàng)分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，在全國兒童健康調(diào)查中，在5萬多名青少年中，在過去的12個(gè)月里參加過社區(qū)服務(wù)或志愿服務(wù)的年輕人更有可能身體健康，在面對挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)保持冷靜和控制，青少年不太可能焦慮。)”并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了志愿服務(wù)對青少年心理健康的影響。故選D項(xiàng)。DRoadswithvariable(可變的)speedlimits,alsoknownassmartmotorways,arecommonincountriesincludingtheUS,UKandGermany.Usually,rule-basedsystemsmonitorthenumberofvehiclesononeoftheseroadsandchangespeedsaccordingly.Onesuchroadisa27-kilometresectionoftheI-24freewaynearNashville,Tennessee,whichwasexperiencingaproblem:whentherearetoomanyvehicles,trafficjamsappearwhendriversbrake,slowingvehiclestomoveslowlyandriskingcrashesasfast-movingvehiclescomeupbehind.Toaddressthis,DanielWorkatVanderbiltUniversityinNashvilleandhiscolleaguestrainedanAIonhistoricaltrafficdatatomonitorcamerasandmakedecisionsonspeedlimits,deploying(部署)itintheI-24controlroominFebruary.Originally,theAIwastestedwiththeexistingsoftware—nothavingcontroloverlimits,buttellingoperatorswhatitwouldhavedecided—andfacedproblemsthathappenedattheearlystage.Aftersomeadjustments,theteamstartedanewsysteminMarchthathasbeenabletooperateindependentlyeversince.TheAIworks98percentofthetime,butifitsometimescallsforachangeinspeedlimitthatislargerthan10milesperhour,itwouldgoagainstfederallaw.Itisn’tclearhowdrivershaverespondedtothenewsystemorwhetherithasimprovedtraffic.Worksaysthatdataontheprojectwon’tbeopenuntillaterthisyear,asitisstillbeinganalyzed,butheispositiveabouttheresults.“Ithinkthatwe’rejustscratchingthesurfaceofawholenewwaytorunfreeways,”saysWork.“It’sacompletechangehowthesesystemsoperate,whichmeanstherearemorethingsremainingtobedone.Anythingthatwecandotoreducethenumberofcrashesanddeathshappeningonthatroadwayisworthdoing.Theareaneedsattentionsomuch,whichdrovethewholeprojectinthefirstplace:terribletrafficjams,alotofgrowth,andacorridor(走廊)thatseesalotofcrashes.Sittingbyanddoingnothingisnotgoodforanybody.”12.Whatistheproblemwiththe27-kilometresectionoftheI-24freeway?A.Somanyvehicles. B.Trafficcrashes.C.Variablespeedlimits. D.Vehiclebreakdowns.13.WhatwasAI’sroleduringtheearlytestingstage?A.Areplacementoftheprevioussoftware.B.Ahelperprovidingadviceforoperators.C.Asupportertomaintaintherelatedlaws.D.Adecisionmakerontheexistingproblems.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“scratchingthesurfaceof”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Touchingonpartly. B.Smoothingoutdefinitely.C.Thinkingthroughclearly. D.Puttingthefinishingtouchesto.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.AIisappliedtosettingvariablespeedlimitsonUSfreeway.B.DriversareforcedtochangetheirdrivinghabitowingtoAI.C.TrafficjamswilldisappearbecauseofspeedlimitssetbyAI.D.ThecurrenttrafficconditiononUSfreewayneedsimproving.【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些國家將人工智能用于高速公路上以便能夠變速來進(jìn)行限制，減少交通堵塞和交通事故?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Onesuchroadisa27-kilometresectionoftheI-24freewaynearNashville,Tennessee,whichwasexperiencingaproblem:whentherearetoomanyvehicles,trafficjamsappearwhendriversbrake,slowingvehiclestomoveslowlyandriskingcrashesasfast-movingvehiclescomeupbehind.(其中一條是田納西州納什維爾附近的I-24高速公路上一段27公里長的路段，它遇到了一個(gè)問題：當(dāng)車輛太多時(shí)，司機(jī)剎車會導(dǎo)致交通堵塞，使車輛減速，并有可能因后面快速行駛的車輛而發(fā)生撞車事故)”可知這段公路上車輛太多，經(jīng)常發(fā)生撞車事故，故選B。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Originally,theAIwastestedwiththeexistingsoftware—nothavingcontroloverlimits,buttellingoperatorswhatitwouldhavedecided—andfacedproblemsthathappenedattheearlystage.(最初，AI是用現(xiàn)有的軟件進(jìn)行測試的——不控制限速，但告訴操作員它會做出什么決定——并面臨早期階段發(fā)生的問。)”可知在早期測試階段，AI不控制限速，但告訴操作員它會做出什么決定，也就是為操作員提供建議，故選B。【14題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“It’sacompletechangehowthesesystemsoperate,whichmeanstherearemorethingsremainingtobedone.(這完全改變了這些系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)作方式，這意味著還有更多的事情要做)”說明這只是全新運(yùn)行高速公路方式的開始，還有很多事要做，也就是只是觸及了表面部分，所以劃線短語和A選項(xiàng)“Touchingonpartly.(只是觸及部分)”意思一致，故選A?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其第一段“Roadswithvariable(可變的)speedlimits,alsoknownassmartmotorways,arecommonincountriesincludingtheUS,UKandGermany.Usually,rule-basedsystemsmonitorthenumberofvehiclesononeoftheseroadsandchangespeedsaccordingly.(可變限速公路，也被稱為智能高速公路，在美國、英國和德國等國家很常見。通常，基于規(guī)則的系統(tǒng)會監(jiān)控其中一條道路上的車輛數(shù)量，并相應(yīng)地改變速度)”可知文章介紹了一些國家將人工智能用于高速公路上以便能夠變速來進(jìn)行限制，減少交通堵塞和交通事故。所以A選項(xiàng)“人工智能應(yīng)用于美國高速公路的變速限制設(shè)置”符合文章大意，故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whatmakesgreatstorytellingforfilm?Therearesometipsforfilmmakersabouttheartofit.Oneofthemostimportantelementsofgreatstorytellingforfilmishowthestoryistold.Greatmoviescanthrowcurveballs(曲線球)thatyoudon’tseecoming.___16___Thestandardstructureforanykindofstorytellingistointroduceyourcharacters,settingandgenreatthestart.Anyproblemsshouldbeencounteredsomewhereinthemiddleofthestory.___17___Ifyou’vegotabrilliantstory,thinkaboutwhatwouldhappenifyoubeganyourfilmwiththeending.Tryexperimentingwiththetimingofevents,andhowtheordercanimpacttheaudience’sview.Withaclearstructure,youshouldconsiderhowtograbtheaudience’sattentionquickly.___18___Yourstorymaybewonderful,butifittakestoolongtogetinto,youmightloseyouraudiencebeforeyou’vegotgoing.Withsomuchcompetition,youneedtoactfast.Payparticularattentiontothefirst10pagesofyourscript.Rememberthatwhenreadingthescript,youshouldwanttoreadonandbegripped.Letsomebodyreadyourscriptandaskthemwhethertheywanttocontinueonafter10pages.___19___Aswithanycontentyoucreate,understandingyouraudienceisanimportantstep.Whowillwanttowatchthismovie?Whatdotheylikedoingandwhatintereststhem?___20___Thatcanmakeitmoreattractivetothetargetaudience.Seeifyoucangathersomestatisticfromanyfilmsthatareinanywaysimilartothesamegenre.Fromthis,youcanjudgewhousuallyenjoysthegenre,andwhoyoucantailoryourscreenplayto.Allinall,everythingthatgoesintomakingafilm,fromcostumechoicestospecialeffects,istheretoreinforcethestory.Nexttime,let’stalkmoreaboutthetopic.A.Theendinvolvestheissuesbeingresolved.B.Don’tforgettofocusoncharacterdevelopment.C.Inthemodernworldeverythingmovesatafastspeed.D.Ifso,thatdesirecanbetentimesstrongerinyourfilm.E.Buttheyhaveastructurethatisn’ttooconfusingtofollow.F.Doingmarketresearchwillhelpyoureviseyourfilm’sscreenplay.G.Makingchoicesaboutthetimingofeventscanheightentheirimpact.【答案】16.E17.A18.C19.D20.F【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了電影制作中優(yōu)秀敘事的一些技巧和要點(diǎn)?！?6題詳析】上文“Greatmoviescanthrowcurveballs(曲線球)thatyoudon’tseecoming.(偉大的電影會打出你意想不到的曲線球)”說明偉大的電影會有意想不到的情節(jié)，空處承接上文，對上文進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明，E選項(xiàng)“但它們有一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)，不會讓人太困惑。”中的“they”指代上文“Greatmovies”，與前一句形成對比關(guān)系，強(qiáng)調(diào)這些偉大的電影雖然情節(jié)出乎意料，但結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，不會讓人困惑，符合語境。故選E。【17題詳析】上文“Thestandardstructureforanykindofstorytellingistointroduceyourcharacters,settingandgenreatthestart.Anyproblemsshouldbeencounteredsomewhereinthemiddleofthestory.(任何類型的故事講述的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)結(jié)構(gòu)都是在開頭介紹你的角色、背景和類型。任何問題都應(yīng)該在故事的中間部分出現(xiàn))”說明故事的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，包括開頭介紹角色、背景和類型，中間遇到問題，空處承接上文，說明故事最后要解決的問題，A選項(xiàng)“結(jié)尾包括問題的解決?！闭f明結(jié)尾部分涉及解決問題，符合邏輯順序。故選A?！?8題詳析】上文“Withaclearstructure,youshouldconsiderhowtograbtheaudience’sattentionquickly.(有了清晰的結(jié)構(gòu)，你應(yīng)該考慮如何迅速吸引觀眾的注意力)”及下文“Yourstorymaybewonderful,butifittakestoolongtogetinto,youmightloseyouraudiencebeforeyou’vegotgoing.Withsomuchcompetition,youneedtoactfast.(你的故事可能很精彩，但如果進(jìn)入主題太慢，你可能在還沒開始的時(shí)候就失去了觀眾。競爭如此激烈，你需要快速行動)”說明該段落開始討論如何快速抓住觀眾的注意力，并指出在競爭激烈的環(huán)境中需要迅速行動，故事要快速進(jìn)入主題，吸引觀眾，空處引出下文，應(yīng)與現(xiàn)代社會競爭激烈和快節(jié)奏有關(guān)，C選項(xiàng)“在現(xiàn)代社會，一切都以很快的速度進(jìn)行。”提到現(xiàn)代社會節(jié)奏快，與本段的主題相吻合。故選C。【19題詳析】上文“Letsomebodyreadyourscriptandaskthemwhethertheywanttocontinueonafter10pages.(讓別人讀你的劇本，問問他們是否想在10頁后繼續(xù)讀下去)”建議讓別人讀你的劇本并詢問他們是否愿意繼續(xù)閱讀下去，空處承接上文，對上文進(jìn)行假設(shè)說明，D選項(xiàng)“如果是這樣，這種欲望在你的電影中可能會強(qiáng)烈十倍?！边M(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)如果劇本能夠引起這種愿望，那么在電影中這種愿望會更加強(qiáng)烈，呼應(yīng)上文，符合語境。故選D。【20題詳析】上文“Aswithanycontentyoucreate,understandingyouraudienceisanimportantstep.Whowillwanttowatchthismovie?Whatdotheylikedoingandwhatintereststhem?(如同你創(chuàng)作的任何內(nèi)容一樣，了解你的觀眾是重要的一步。誰會想看這部電影？他們喜歡做什么，他們的興趣是什么？)”說明要了解觀眾，該段落討論了解目標(biāo)觀眾的重要性，空處承接上文，說明了解觀眾的方法，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“做市場調(diào)研將幫助你修改你的電影劇本?！碧岢鲞M(jìn)行市場調(diào)研可以幫助你修改劇本，以更好地滿足目標(biāo)觀眾的需求。這與上下文關(guān)于理解觀眾興趣和偏好的主題緊密相關(guān)，符合語境。故選F。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分55分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ithadbeenalongweek.I’dhadpeopleworkingoverthreedaysto___21___floors.Waterdamagehadcausedthefloorstorot(腐爛).Itturnedouttobeamuch___22___jobthanIhadhoped.Itwasfinallydone,butitateupalmostallmy___23___.Iwaswalkingintherain___24___allofthis.Itseemedlikelifewasalongseriesofone___25___afteranother.Isighedandspoketomyself,“Whyisthelifeso___26___attimes?”Justasthosewordsleftmylips,I___27___somethinginthemud.Itwasapenny.Mymind___28___tomemoriesofmyMom.Shehadbattledcancerforyears,butsheremained___29___.Onedaywhenwewerewalkingtogether,shesawapennyontheground.She_____30_____itupandtoldmethatafoundpennywasasignofgoodluck.Whenthecancerfinallytookherfromthisworld,Iwas_____31_____.Onthedayweburiedher,Iwasdrowningingreat_____32_____.ButthenasIwasabouttogohome,Isawapennyontheroad.AndsincethenIhave_____33_____hundredsofthemovertheyears.ThemomentIthoughtofmyMom,Ifeltthatmyproblemsseemed_____34_____.Ismiled,putthepennyinmypocketandpledged(發(fā)誓)totryandlivea_____35_____andmeaningfullifeasmyMomhad.Ipromisedtotryandbeashiningpennymyselfinthisworld.21.A.clean B.repair C.paint D.decorate22.A.easier B.better C.bigger D.safer23.A.savings B.sufferings C.findings D.settings24.A.dreamingof B.beggingfor C.gettingover D.thinkingabout25.A.chance B.problem C.activity D.stage26.A.short B.boring C.tough D.strange27.A.saw B.missed C.checked D.dropped28.A.heldon B.livedup C.lookedforward D.flashedback29.A.independent B.modest C.optimistic D.faithful30.A.picked B.fixed C.hung D.used31.A.regretful B.heartbroken C.confused D.apologetic32.A.anger B.anxiety C.fear D.sorrow33.A.delivered B.produced C.found D.donated34.A.small B.serious C.embarrassing D.unexpected35.A.normal B.positive C.peaceful D.private【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.B26.C27.A28.D29.C30.A31.B32.D33.C34.A35.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。作者經(jīng)歷了一段艱難的修繕過程，花費(fèi)了所有積蓄，感到生活充滿挑戰(zhàn)。在雨中漫步時(shí)，作者想起母親面對疾病的積極態(tài)度，以及母親認(rèn)為找到硬幣是好運(yùn)的象征。作者在泥中發(fā)現(xiàn)一枚閃亮的硬幣，突然意識到自己的問題與母親的積極樂觀相比微不足道。作者振作精神，將硬幣收好，決定像母親一樣積極地生活。故事告訴我們，生活中的困難是暫時(shí)的，每個(gè)人都可以成為自己生命中的“閃亮硬幣”?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我讓人們工作了三天多來修理地板。A.clean打掃；B.repair修理；C.paint用顏料畫；D.decorate裝飾。由下文“Waterdamagehadcausedthefloorstorot(腐爛).(水漬導(dǎo)致地板腐爛)”可知，應(yīng)該是修復(fù)因水損壞腐爛的地板。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)證明，這是一份比我希望的要大得多的工作。A.easier更容易的；B.better較好的；C.bigger更大的；D.safer更安全的。由上文“Ithadbeenalongweek.(這是漫長的一周)”可知，作者覺得修繕的日子很漫長，可得出工作量很大，超出預(yù)期。故選C項(xiàng)。【23題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它終于完成了，但它幾乎花光了我所有的積蓄。A.savings存款；B.sufferings痛苦；C.findings調(diào)研結(jié)果；D.settings背景。由上文“Itturnedouttobeamuch______jobthanIhadhoped.(事實(shí)證明，這是一份比我希望的要大得多的工作)”可知，修理地板需要錢，工作量也大，所以幾乎花光了作者所有的積蓄。故選A項(xiàng)。【24題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我在雨中漫步，想著這一切。A.dreamingof夢想；B.beggingfor懇求；C.gettingover克服；D.thinkingabout考慮。結(jié)合上文講作者修理地板的煩心事和下文“Ifeltthatmyproblems(我就覺得我的問題)”可知，此處指作者想著生活中的糟心事。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：生活似乎是一連串的問題。A.chance機(jī)會；B.problem問題；C.activity活動；D.stage階段。由下文“Ifeltthatmyproblems(我就覺得我的問題)”可知，作者覺得生活似乎是一連串的問題。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我嘆了口氣，自言自語道：“為什么生活有時(shí)如此艱難？”A.short短的；B.boring無聊的；C.tough艱難的；D.strange奇怪的。由上文“Itseemedlikelifewasalongseriesofone______afteranother.(生活似乎是一連串的問題)”和下文“Ifeltthatmyproblems(我就覺得我的問題)”可知，作者覺得生活有時(shí)很艱難。故選C項(xiàng)。【27題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：就在這些話離開我的嘴唇時(shí)，我看到泥里有什么東西。A.saw看見；B.missed錯(cuò)過；C.checked檢查；D.dropped下降。由下文“Itwasapenny.(那是一分錢)”和“Isawapennyontheroad(我看到路上有一枚硬幣)”可知，作者在泥里看到一分錢。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我的腦海里閃過對媽媽的回憶。A.heldon(to)堅(jiān)持；B.livedup(to)不辜負(fù)；C.lookedforward(to)期待；D.flashedback(to)閃回到。由下文“ThemomentIthoughtofmyMom(一想到媽媽)”可知，作者想起母親，所以腦海里閃過對媽媽的回憶。故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：多年來，她一直在與癌癥作斗爭，但她仍然保持樂觀。A.independent獨(dú)立的；B.modest謙虛的；C.optimistic樂觀的；D.faithful忠實(shí)的。由上文“Shehadbattledcancerforyears”和下文“toldmethatafoundpennywasasignofgoodluck(告訴我撿到一分錢是好運(yùn)的象征)”可知，作者母親一直在與癌癥作斗爭，但她認(rèn)為撿到一分錢是好運(yùn)的象征，可得出她積極樂觀。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她撿起它，告訴我撿到一分錢是好運(yùn)的象征。A.picked挑選；B.fixed修理；C.hung懸掛；D.used使用。承接上文“Onedaywhenwewerewalkingtogether,shesawapennyontheground.(有一天，當(dāng)我們一起散步時(shí)，她看到地上有一枚硬幣)”講作者母親撿起地上的硬幣，pickup(撿起)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)癌癥終于把她從這個(gè)世界上帶走時(shí)，我傷心欲絕。A.regretful遺憾的；B.heartbroken心碎的；C.confused困惑的；D.apologetic道歉的。由下文“Onthedayweburiedher(我們埋葬她的那天)”可知，作者因母親的去世很傷心。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們埋葬她的那天，我悲痛欲絕。A.anger憤怒；B.anxiety焦慮；C.fear害怕；D.sorrow悲傷。由上文“Onthedayweburiedher”可知，作者因母親的去世很悲傷。故選D項(xiàng)。【33題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：從那以后，多年來我發(fā)現(xiàn)了數(shù)百個(gè)硬幣。A.delivered交付；B.produced生產(chǎn)；C.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.donated捐贈。呼應(yīng)上文“Isawapennyontheroad(我看到路上有一枚硬幣)