初中英語句型詳解

PAGEPAGE27初中英語句型詳解一、基本句型英語五種基本句型列式如下：基本句型一：SV（主＋謂）基本句型二：SVP（主＋謂＋表）基本句型三：SVO（主＋謂＋賓）基本句型四：SVoO（主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓）基本句型五：SVOC（主＋謂＋賓＋賓補）基本句型一此句型的句子有一個共同特點，即句子的謂語動詞都能表達完整的意思。這類動詞叫做不及物動詞，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。SV（不及物動詞）1.Thesunwasshining.2.Themoonrose.3.Theuniverseremains.4.Weallbreathe,eat,anddrink.5.Whocares?6.Whathesaiddoesnotmatter.7.Theytalkedforhalfanhour.8.Thepenwritessmoothly1.太陽在照耀著。2.月亮升起了。3.宇宙長存。4.我們大家都呼吸、吃和喝。5.管它呢？6.他所講的沒有什么關系。7.他們談了半個小時。8.這支筆書寫流利?；揪湫投司湫偷木渥佑幸粋€共同的特點：句子謂語動詞都不能表達一個完整的意思，必須加上一個表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語構成復合謂語，才能表達完整的意思。這類動詞叫做連系動詞。系動詞分兩類：be,look,keep,seem等屬一類，表示情況；get,grow,become,turn等屬另一類，表示變化。be本身沒有什么意義,只起連系主語和表語的作用。其它系動詞仍保持其部分詞義。SV（是系動詞）P1.ThisisanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.2.Thedinnersmellsgood.3.Hefellinlove.4.Everythinglooksdifferent.5.Heisgrowingtallandstrong.6.Thetroubleisthattheyareshortofmoney.7.Ourwellhasgonedry.8.Hisfaceturnedred.1.這是本英漢辭典。2.午餐的氣味很好。3.他墮入了情網。4.一切看來都不同了。5.他長得又高又壯。6.麻煩的是他們缺少錢。7.我們的井干枯了。8.他的臉紅了?；揪湫腿司湫途渥拥墓餐攸c是：謂語動詞都具有實義，都是主語產生的動作，但不能表達完整的意思，必須跟有一個賓語，即動作的承受者，才能使意思完整。這類動詞叫做及物動詞。SV（及物動詞）O1.Whoknowstheanswer?2.Shesmiledherthanks.3.Hehasrefusedtohelpthem.4.Heenjoysreading.5.Theyatewhatwasleftover.6.Hesaid"Goodmorning."7.Iwanttohaveacupoftea.8.Headmitsthathewasmistaken.1.誰知道答案？2.她微笑表示感謝。3.他拒絕幫他們的忙。4.他喜歡看書。5.他們吃了剩飯。6.他說：“早上好！”7.我想喝杯茶。8.他承認犯了錯誤?；揪湫退拇司湫偷木渥佑幸粋€共同特點：謂語動詞必須跟有兩個賓語才能表達完整的意思。這兩個賓語一個是動作的直接承受者，另一個是動作的間接承受者。通常這一間接承受者用一個介詞來連接，當動作的間接承受者在動作的直接承受者之前時，這一介詞往往被省略。SV（及物）o（多指人）O（多指物）1.Sheorderedherselfanewdress.2.Shecookedherhusbandadeliciousmeal.3.Hebroughtyouadictionary.4.Hedenieshernothing.5.Ishowedhimmypictures.6.Igavemycarawash.7.Itoldhimthatthebuswaslate.8.Heshowedmehowtorunthemachine.1.她給自己定了一套新衣裳。2.她給丈夫煮了一餐美饌。3.他給你帶來了一本字典。4.他對她什么都不拒絕。5.我給他看我的照片。6.我洗了我的汽車。7.我告訴他汽車晚點了。8.他教我開機器。基本句型五此句型的句子的共同特點是：動詞雖然是及物動詞，但是只跟一個賓語還不能表達完整的意思，必須加上一個補充成分來補足賓語，才能使意思完整。SV（及物）O（賓語）C（賓補）1.Theyappointedhimmanager.2.Theypaintedthedoorgreen.3.Thissetthemthinking.4.Theyfoundthehousedeserted.5.Whatmakeshimthinkso?6.Wesawhimout.7.Heaskedmetocomebacksoon.8.Isawthemgettingonthebus.1.他們任命他當經理。2.他們把門漆成綠色。3.這使得他們要細想一想。4.他們發(fā)現那房子無人居住。5.他怎么會這樣想？6.我們送他出去。7.他要我早點回來。8.我看見他們上了那輛公共汽車。但常用的英語句子并不都象基本句型這樣簡短，這些句子除了基本句型的成分不變外，通常是在這些成分的前面或后面增加一些修飾語（modifier）而加以擴大。這些修飾語可以是單詞（主要是形容詞、副詞和數詞），也可以是各種類型的短語（主要是介詞短語、不定式短語和分詞短語）。下面以基本句型五為例：Wefoundthehallfull.我們發(fā)現禮堂坐滿了。Wefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteachers.我們發(fā)現大禮堂坐滿了學生和教師。Wefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteacherslisten-ingtoanimportantreport.我們發(fā)現大禮堂坐滿了學生和教師，在聽一個重要報告。Wefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteacherslisten-ingtoanimportantreportmadebyacomradefromthePeople'sDailyoncurrentaffairsinEastEurope.我們發(fā)現大禮堂坐滿了學生和教師，在聽人民日報的一位同志作有關東歐局勢的重要報告。不同的動詞使用的句型也不盡一樣，因此在學習動詞時，應掌握動詞的類型。以get為例：He'sgettingangry.(SVC)Hegotthroughthewindow.(SVM)You'llgetasurprise.(SVO)Hegothisshoesandsockswet.(SVOC)Hegothimselfintotrouble.(SVOM)Hegotherasplendidpresent.(SV0O)在句子中詞類和詞的位置也影響句子的句型和意思:Ifoundthebookeasily.我很容易地找到了這本書。（SVOM）Ifoundthebookeasy.我覺得這本書很容易。（SVOC）Ihavetodosomething.我得做點事。Ihavesomethingtodo.我有點事做。第一組：1.It’stimefor...It’stimetodosth.2.It’sbadfor...3.It’sgoodfor...4.belatefor...5.What’swrongwith…What’sthematterwith...What’sthetroublewith...6.Thereissomethingwrongwith...7.beafraidof…beafraidtodosth.8.neither…nor….9.either….or….10.both…and…11.not…atall.第二組：主語+謂語+賓語1.helpsb.dosth2.hadbetterdosth.3.wanttodosth.4.wouldliketodosth.5.stoptodosthstopdoingsth.6.begintodosth.7.decidetodosth.8.liketodosth.9.hopetodosth.10.doone’sbesttodosth.11.agreetodosth.12.enjoydoingsth.13.keep(on)doingsth.14.finishdoingsth.15.goondoingsth.16.bebusydoingsth.17.feellikedoingsth.18.practisedoingsth.19.spendtime/moneyonsth20.spendtimeindoingsth.21.prevent/stopsb.fromdoingsth.第三組：主語+及物動詞+間接賓語(人)+直接賓語(物)1.givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.2.passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.3.showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.4.bringsb.sth.=bringsth.tosb.5.tellsb.sth.6.teachsb.sth.7.buysb.sth.=buysthforsb.8.lendsb.sth=lendsthtosb.9.helpsb.dosth.helpsb.withsth.10.teachsb.todosth.第四組：主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓語補足語1.tellsb.(not)todosth.2.asksb.(not)todosth.3.wouldlikesb.todosth.4.keepsb.+形容詞5.keepsb.doingsth.6.letsb.(not)dosth.7.makesb.(not)dosth.8.havesth.done9.see/hear/watchsb.dosth.10.see/hear/watchsb.doingsth.第五組：It作形式主語1.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.2.Itis+（important,necessary,difficult,possible,polite…）forsb.todosth.第六組：復合句時間狀語從句：1.not…..until+時間狀語從句2.assoonas+時間狀語從句比較狀語從句：1.…as+形容詞或詞原級+as….2.…notas/so+形容詞或副詞原級+as…結果狀語從句：…so+形容詞或副詞的原級+that引導的結果狀語從句相關句型：…too+形容詞或副詞原級+todosth.賓語從句：1.Idon’tthinkthat…2.Wehope/makesurethat…3.Iwonderif…讓步狀語從句：Though…句型轉換歌訣一般疑問最簡單，be動能動移句首；肯變否定有規(guī)則，be能后面加not，實動前面加don't，遇到some改any；單變復數要對應，復變單數不忘a/an；劃線提問要分析，劃啥就用啥來填。句型轉換小case，我有方法定能行?。▌潯笆裁础保脀hat；劃“誰”就用who；劃“誰的”，用whose；劃數量，用howmany；劃價錢用howmuch；劃身體要用how；劃修飾語要用which；劃地方就用where。）注：be能，分別指be動詞和能愿動詞（又稱情態(tài)動詞）be的用法口訣我用am，你用are，is連著他，她，它；單數名詞用is，復數名詞全用are。變疑問，往前提，句末問號莫丟棄。變否定，更容易，be后not莫忘記。疑問否定任你變，句首大寫莫遲疑。時間名詞前所用介詞的速記歌年月周前要用in，日子前面卻不行。遇到幾號要用on，上午下午又是in。要說某日上下午，用on換in才能行。午夜黃昏須用at，黎明用它也不錯。at也用在明分前，說“差”可要用上to，說“過”只可使用past，多說多練牢牢記，莫讓歲月空蹉跎。記住f(e)結尾的名詞復數妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷嚇得發(fā)了慌；躲在架后保己命，半片樹葉遮目光肯定句變疑問句口訣“是，情，助”，移向前，主語其后把身安，一般，現在，與過去，do,does,did添在前，再改謂語為原形。最后要把問號點。1see，hear，notice，find，feel，listento，lookat(感官動詞)+doeg:Ilikewatchingmonkeysjump.2（比較級and比較級）表示越來越……3a4agreewithsb.贊成某人5allkindsof各種各樣akindof一種/樣6allovertheworld=thewholeworld整個世界7alongwith同……一道，伴隨……eg:Iwillgoalongwithyou我將和你一起去Thestudentsplantedtreesalongwiththeirteachers.學生同老師們一起種樹。8Assoonas一……就……9asyoucansee你是知道的10askfor……求助向……要……(直接接想要的東西)eg:askyouformybook11asksb.forsth.向某人什么12asksb.todosth.詢問某人某事asksb.nottodosth.叫某人不要做某事13attheageof在……歲時eg：Iamsixteen.Iamattheageofsixteen.14atthebeginningof………的起初；……的開始15attheendof+地點/+時間最后；盡頭；末尾eg:Attheendoftheday16atthistimeofyear在每年的這個時候補：atleast至少17be/feelconfidentofsth./thatclause+從句感覺/對什么有信心，自信eg:Iam/feelconfidentofmyspokenEnglishIfeelthatIcanpassthetest18be+doing表：1現在進行時2將來時19beableto(+v.原)=can(+v.原）能夠……eg:Sheisabletosing.Shecansing.補：baseon以……(為)根據20beabletodosth.能夠干什么eg:Sheisabletosing.21beafraidtodo(ofsth.恐懼，害怕……eg:I'mafraidtogooutatnight.I'mafraidofdog.22beallowedtodo被允許做什么eg:I'mallowedtowatchTV.我被允許看電視。IshouldbeallowedtowatchTV.我應該被允許看電視。23beangrywithsb.生某人的氣eg:Don'tbeangrywithme.24beangrywith(at)sb.fordoingsth.為什么而生某人的氣25beas…原級…as和什么一樣eg:Sheisastallasme.她和我一樣高。26beashamedto27beawayfrom遠離28beawayfrom從……離開29bebadfor對什么有害eg:Readingbooksinthesunisbadforyoureyes.在太陽下看書對你的眼睛不好。30beborn出生于31bebusydoingsth.忙于做什么事bebusywithsth.忙于……32becareful當心；小心becloseto…離……很近33bedifferentfrom…和……不一樣34befamousfor以……著名35befriendlytosb對某人友好36befrom=comefrom來自eg：HeisfromBejing.HecomesfromBejing.IshefromBejing?DoeshecomefromBejing?37befullof裝滿……的befilledwith充滿eg:theglassisfullofwatertheglassisfilledwithwater38beglad+todo/從句做某事很高興39begoingto+v.(原）打算，計劃，準備……40begoodat(+doing)=dowellin在某方面善長,善于……41begoodfor對什么有好處eg:ReadingaloudisgoodforyourEnglish.42behappytodo很高興做某事43behelpfultosb.對某人有好處eg:Readingaloudishelpfultoyou.大聲朗讀對你有好處。Exercisingishelpfultoyourbody.鍛煉對你的身體有好處。44beingoodhealth身體健康45beintrouble處于困難中eg:SheisintroubleTheyareintrouble46beinterestedin對某方面感興趣47belatefor=comelateto遲到eg:Belateforclass上課遲到48belike像……eg:I'mlikemymother.49bemadat生某人的氣50bemadefrom由……制成(制成以后看不見原材料)補：bemadein在……生產或制造51bemadeof由……制成(制成以后還看得見原材料)52benotsure表不確定53beonavisitto參觀54bepopularwithsb.受某人歡迎補：bepleasewith對…感到滿意55bequiet安靜56beshortfor表……的縮寫eg:陶isshortfor陶俊杰57besickinbed生病在床58besorrytodosth.besorryforsb.eg:Iamsorryforyou.59besorrytohearthat60besorrytotroublesb.eg:Iamsorrytotroubleyou.61bestrictindoingsth.嚴于做某事eg:He'sstrictinobeyingnotes62bestrictwithsb.對某人要求嚴格eg:Somestudentsarenotstrictwiththemselves.這些學生對自己不嚴格。63bestrictwithsbinsth.某方面對某人嚴格64besupposedtodo被要求干什么65besure表確定66besureofdoingsth.對做某事有信心eg:HeissureofwinningIamsureoflearningEnglishwell67besureofsth.對做某事有信心eg:I'msureofmyhead(myteacher).我相信我的大腦（老師）。68besurethatsth.對做某事有信心eg:I'msurethathecanpassthetest.我相信他能通過考試。69besuretodosth.一定會做某事eg:Wearesuretopassthetest.我們一定會通過這次考試WearesuretolearnEnglishwell.我們一定能學好英語。70beterrifiedof+名/動doing害怕……71beterrifiedtodosth.害怕做某事72bethesameas…和什么一樣73beusedtodoingsth.習慣做某事eg:Myfatherisusedtogettingupearly.我爸爸習慣早起。Heisusedtosleepinginclass.他習慣上課睡覺.Heisusedtoworkinghard.Heisusedtohardwork.他習慣努力工作74beworthdoing值得做什么75be(feel)afraidtodosth.害怕做某事beafraidofsth.害怕某物beafraidthat叢句76because+句子becauseof+短語eg:Hewaslatebecausehehadaheadache.Hewaslatebecauseofhisheadache.77begintodo=starttodo開始做某事start…with…=begin…with…以……開始……eg:Let'sbeginthegamewiththesong.Ibegintogohome.78between…and…兩者之間79borrowsth.fromsb.向……借……lendsth.tosb.lendsb.sth.借給……什么東西eg:Iborrowedapenfromhim.Helentapentome(helentmeapen).80both=thesame(as)=notdifferent(from)表相同81bother打擾bothersb.todosth.補：both…and………和……都eg:I'msorrytobotheryou,butcanyoutellmetowaytothestation我十分道歉打擾你，但是你能告訴我怎么去車站Theproblemhasbeenbotheringmeforweeks.這個問題困擾了我?guī)讉€周了。He'sbotheringmetolendhimmoney.82bytheendof到……為止83callsb.sth.eg:Wecallhimoldwang.84care關心eg:Don'tyoucareaboutthiscountry'sfuture?你為什么不關心國家的未來。85catchupwithsb.趕上某人86chatwithsb.和某人閑談takesb.to+地點帶某人去某地87comein進來88comeoverto過來89comeupwith提出eg:Canyoucomeupwithagoodidea?你能想出一個好辦法嗎？90communicatewithsb.和某人交流91consider+doing考慮做……eg:Whynotconsidergoingtoluzhou?為什么不考慮去瀘州？92danceto隨著……跳舞eg:Shelikesdancingtothemusic.她喜歡隨著音樂跳舞。93decidetodosth.決定做某事94doasurveyof做某方面的調查95dobetterin在……方面做得更好補：dowellin在……方面干的好96dowrong做錯補：dropoff放下（某物）97Don'tforgettodosth.不要忘了做某事。98Don'tmind+doing/從句/名詞.不要介意……。99each+名(單)每一個……eg:Eachstudenthasmanybooks.每一個學生都有一些書。100endup+doing101enjoy+doing喜歡102escapefrom從……逃跑eg:Theprisonershaveescapedfromtheprison.犯人從監(jiān)獄里逃跑出來。Somegasisescapingfromthepipe.有一些氣體從管子里冒出。103expecttodosth.期待做某事104falldown摔下來falloff從……摔下來105fallinlovewithsb./sth.愛上……106farfrom離某地遠eg:Theschoolisfarfrommyhome107find+it+adj.+todo發(fā)現做某事……108findsb./sth.+adj.發(fā)現什么……eg:Ifindthebookinteresting.109finish+doing（名詞）完成做……110fittosb.=befitforsb.適合某人111forgettodo沒有做而忘了forgetdoing做了而又忘了eg:Don'tforgettogohome.Iforgetclosingdoor.112from…to…從某某到某某eg:frommeforher113get/havesth.down做完，被（別人）做……eg:Ihavemyhaircut.我理了發(fā)(頭發(fā)被剪了）。Tomgothisbadtoothpulledout.湯母把他的壞牙拔掉了（被牙醫(yī)拔掉了）。114getapart-timejob=findapart-timejob115getalongwellwithsb.=getonwellwithsb.與某人相處得好116getalongwithsb.=getonwithsb.與某人相處117getreadyfor=bereadyfor為什么而準備eg:Igetreadyformath.Iamreadyformath.補：get…bake退還……118getsbintotrouble給某人麻煩119getsb.todosth.getoutof從……取出120get…from…從某處得到某物121giveatalk做報告eg:Heisgiveatall.122givesthtosb.givesbsth.給某人某物123gofish釣魚goswimming游泳補：goover過一遍；仔細檢查124goontodo去做下一件事goondoing繼續(xù)做這件事125gooutawayfromgooutof126gotoschool上學（用于專業(yè)的）gototheschool去學校（不一定是上學）127goodwayto好方法128hatetodo討厭沒做過的事hatedoing討厭做過的事129haveapartyforsb.舉辦誰的晚會130haveatalk聽報告談一談131havebeendoing現在完成進行時eg:YouhavebeentalkingYouhavebeensleepingsince132havebeento…(地方）……去過某過地方havegoneto…（地方）去了某地還沒回來hadbetter(not)dosth.最好(不要）做某事133havefun+doing玩得高興134havesthtodo有什么事要做eg:Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.我有很多家庭作業(yè)要做。Ihavenothingtodo.我沒什么事情做。135havetodosth.必須做某事havesth.done請某人做某事136havetrouble(problem)(in)doingsth.做什么事情有麻煩137have…time+doinghavenotimetodosth.沒有時間做某事138have…(時間)…off放……假eg:Ihavemonthoff.我請一個月得假。139hearsb.+do/doing聽見某人做某事/正在做某事140helpalot很大用處141helpsb.withsth\one'ssth.幫助某人某事（某方面）helpsb.(to)dosth.幫助某人做某事142hopetodosth.希望做某事143Howabout(+doing)?=Whatabout(+doing)?（做）……怎么樣？144howdoyoulike=whatdoyouthinkof你對什么的看法145if:是否＝whethereg:Idon'tknowif(whether)Ishouldgototheparty.我不知道我是否應該去參加晚會。Hedon'tknowif(whether)wewillarriveontimetomorrowmorning.他不知道我們明天早上是否能準時到達。146if:如果，假如(全部接一般時態(tài))＋條件語態(tài)從句eg:I'llgotoLuZhouifitdoesn'train.假如明天不下雨，我就去瀘州。Iftheychangetheplantheywillletmeknow.假如他們要改變計劃，他們會讓我知道的。I'llgotoEngland,ifIhaveenoughmoneynextyear.如果我明年由足夠的錢，我就要去英國。147in148in149150in151in152increase增加eg:They'veincreasedthepriceofpetrolby3%.他們把石油價增加了3%。Thepopulationhasincreasedfrom12milliontenyearsagoto18millionnow.153insteadof+（名）代替eg:I'dlikeanappleinsteadofapear.我想要蘋果，而不要梨子。IlikeEnglishinsteadofmath.我喜歡英語而不喜歡數學。154introducesb.tosb.介紹某人給某人introduceoneself自我介紹155invitesbtodosth.邀請某人做某事156Ittakessbsometimetodosth.做某人花掉某人多少時間。eg:Ittookme5minutestodomyhomework.Ittakesmehalfanhourtocook.157It's+adj.+forsb.todosth.對某人來說做某事怎么樣。158It's+adj.+todo做某事怎么樣。159It's+adj.forsb.對于某人來說怎么樣。It's+adj.ofsb.對某人來說太怎么樣。160It's+adj.(forsb.)todosth.（對某人來說）做某事怎么樣。It's+adj.ofsb.todosth.對某人來說做某事太怎么樣。eg:It'sniceofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.161It'sagoodideaforsb.todosth.對……來說是個好主意。162It'simportanttosb.對某人來說很重要。eg:It'simportanttome.163It'stimetodosth.It'stimeforsth.到了該去做某事的時間。eg:It'stimetohaveclass.It'stimeforclass.該去上課了。164join=takepartin參加165justnow剛才166keep+sb./sth.+adj./介詞短語讓什么保持……167keepout不讓……進入168keepsbadj.讓……保持……eg:Iwanttokeepmymotherhappy.keephealthy保持健康169keyto+名詞表示：某物的鑰匙或某題的答案170keyto…answerto…key可以是答題或鑰匙171laughat…取笑……eg:Don'tlaughatothers.Welaughedatthejoke.172learnbyoneself自學learnfrom向……學習173learnfromsb.向某人學習eg:WeshouldlearnfromLeiFeng.174learntodosth.學做某事learnsomethingbyheart背誦記熟175letsb.dosth.讓某人做某事lendsomethingtosomebody把某物借給某人176ietsb.down讓某人失望eg：Weshouldn'tletourparentsdown.我們不應該讓我們的父母失望。177livefrom:離某地遠178livein+大地方/at+小地方居住在某地eg:IliveinLuZhou.ShelivesatXuanTan.179lookafter=takecareof照顧照看180loseone'sway誰迷路eg:Loseyourway你迷路181makeadecisiontodosth.決定做某事補：makeacontributiontodoing貢獻給182makefriendswithsb.和誰成為朋友eg:Iwanttomakefriendswithyou.183makeitearly把時間定的早一點184makeonexhibitionofoneself讓某人出洋相185makesb./n.+n.使……成為……eg:Imadehermystepmother.Imadeyoumywife.186makesb./sth.+adj.使某人（某物）怎么樣eg:Youmustmadeyourbedclean.187makesb./sth.adj.使某人/某物怎么樣188makesb.dosth.讓某人做某事eg:Imadehimwrite.我以前讓他寫。189makeupone'smind190make…differenceto…191mindsb.todomindone'sdoing介意……做什么192most+名mostof+代193muchtoo+形容詞194mustbe一定195need+名詞196needsb.dosth.需要某人做某事197needtodo(實義動詞）needdo(情態(tài)動詞）198no/neitherofhatetodono/neitherofhatedoing199no+名詞200notanymore=nomore再也不……eg:Hedidn'tcryanymore.Hecriednomore.他再也不哭。201not…(形、副）atalleg:He'snottallatall.shedoesn'tjumpfaratall.202not…atall一點都不notonly…butalso…不但……而且……203not…either表否定，也不eg:Idon'tspeakJapanese,either.Idon'thavesister,either.我也沒有姐姐204not…until直到……才……eg:Ididn'tsleepuntilmymothercameback.Thechilddidn'tstopcryinguntilIgivehersugar.205offer/providesb.withsth.給某人提供206offersb.sth.(offersthtosb.提供什么東西給某人eg:Iofferyouwater(Iofferwatertoyou).我給你提供水。207onone'swayto…在誰去那的路上208ontheonehand一方面ontheotherhand另一方面209onthephone=overthephone用電話交談210ontime準時intime及時211oneday＝someday＝someday一天，有一天212oneof+可數名詞的復數形式213onetoanother一個到另一個214overandoveragain一遍又一遍的eg:Hecleanedtheflooroverandoveragain.215part-timejob兼職工作fall-timejob全職工作216payfor…付……錢paythebill給錢，付錢217please+dopull…upfrom…把……從……拉上來218pleasehelpyourself219pleasedwithsb.220poolinto=poreinto221practice+doing練習做某事222prefersth.tosth.相對……更喜歡……eg:Ipreferphysicstochemistry.在物理和化學中，我更喜歡物理。preferdoingtosth.更喜歡去做……不愿意去做……eg:Heprefersridingabiketodiving.他更喜歡騎自行車，不開小車。prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.寧愿做…也不愿eg:Myunclepreferstobuyanowcarratherthanrepairtheusedone.我叔叔更喜歡買新的車，也不去修舊車。prefersb.nottodosth.更愿意……eg:Ipreferhernottocome.我不喜歡她不來。223pretendtodosth.裝著去做什么pretendthat從句eg:Thetwocheatspretendedtobeworkingveryhard.這兩個騙子裝著努力工作。Hepretendedthathedidnotknowtheanswer.他裝著不知道答案。224rather…than寧可……也不……eg:Iwouldratherbeadoctorthanateacher.我愿肯當醫(yī)生，也不當老師。Helikesdogsratherthancats.他喜歡狗，不喜歡貓。225regard…as把……當作……eg:Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourfamily.請帶我向你的家人我最好的問候。Iregardyouasmyfriend.我把你當作我的朋友。Heshowslittleregardforothers.他不愛關心別人。226remindsb.aboutsth.提醒某人什么事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事eg:Heremindsmeaboutcooking(heremindsmetocook).他提醒我做飯。227remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起什么eg:Thepicturesremindmeofmyschooldays.這照片使我想起了我的學校。Thewordsthat(which)theteachertalkedtoremindmeofmymother.228returnsth.tosb.還什么東西給某人229saytooneself對自己說230saytosb.對某人說231sbspendsomemoneyonsth花了多少錢在某事上232sbspendsometimewithsb花了多少時間陪誰233sbspendsometime(in)doingsth花了多少時間做某事234sbwithsb+issbandsb+are235seesbdo看見某人做過某事seesbdoing看見某人正在做某事236seemtodo/be+adj顯得怎么樣eg:YouseemtobetiredYouseemtobehappyitseemthat237send+sbsth送給某人某物238send…to…把什么寄到哪里去？239shock使……震驚eg:Oh,It'sonlyyou!Yougivemeashock啊，是你呀！嚇我一跳240showsbsth向某人展示某物eg:Ishowherthebook.241showsbsth=showsthtosb拿什么東西給某人看eg:ShowmeyourpenShowyourpentome242showsthtosb向某人展示某物eg:Ishowthebooktoher.243some…others…一些……另一些……244start…with…從……開始begin…with…從……開始245stayawayfrom遠離……startdoingsth/starttodosth開始做某事eg:We'retoldtostayawayfromtheanimalswhovisitingthezoo.當我們參觀zoo時，我們要遠離動物Ifyouwanttoloseweightyou'dbetterstayawayfromthesweetfood假如你想減肥，你最好遠離甜食246stopdoing停下正在做的事247stopsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事248stopsb(from)doing阻止某人做某事249stoptodo停下正在做的事去做下一件事250such+名詞這樣，這種251suitsb適合某人252surprisesb使某人驚奇toone'ssurprise令某人驚奇253takeclasses上課takeone'stemperature給某人量體溫254takesbto把某人帶去eg:Itakeyoutothehospital255takewalks=takeawalk＝goforawalk散步256①talkto對誰說eg:Italktoyou②talkwith和誰說eg:Italkwithhim③talkof談到eg:wetalkedofyou④talkabout談論關于……257talkwithsb和某人說話258teachsbsth教某人做某事259tellsbdosth告訴某人做某事260tellsbsthtellsbthat叢句tellsbnottodosthtellastory261tellsbsth告訴某人某事262tellsbtodosth告訴某人做什么tellsbnottodosth告訴某人不要做什么263tell…from…thankto幸虧，由于264thankyoufor+doingthanksbforsth因某事而感謝某人265thesame+名詞(doing)+as……themore…themore…越…就越…266thesame…(名)…asas…(adjadv)…as相同267thewaytodosth＝thewayofdoingsth做某方面的方法thedaybeforeyesterday前天thewayto+地方去哪的路eg:DoyouknowthewaytolearnEnglishDoyouknowthewayoflearningEnglish268thewayto…（地點）到哪的路269too…to…太怎樣而不能……adj+enoughto足夠…能…so…that+叢句太…所以…（such+名詞…that+從句）eg:Heistooyoungtogotoschool=Heissoyoungthathecan'tgotoschoolHeisoldenoughtogotoschool＝Heissooldthathecangotoschool270translate……into……把什么翻譯成什么eg:TranslateEnglishintoChinese271travelwithsb和某人去旅游272tryone'sbesttodosth盡某人最大的努力去做某事eg:IwilltrymybesttolearnEnglishwell273trytodosth想干什么，但沒成功trydoingsth想干什么，已經做過了eg：Hetriedtoclimb他想爬上去，但沒成功Hetriedclimbing他想爬上去，已經做過了274try…試衣服haveatry試一下275turndown開小←→turnup開大276turnoff關上←→turnon打開open拆開277upsidedown倒著unless=ifnot278visitto…參觀某個地方279waitforsb等某人280waitforsbtodosth等某人做什么waitforsb等某人waitforsometime等多少間eg:Wouldyoupleasewaitformetogetready等我準備好，好嗎？Let'swaitfortheraintostop讓我們等雨停吧281wakesbup把某人叫醒282wanttodosth想做某事283watchsbdosth觀看某人做某事補：wearout把…穿壞284welcometo+…（地方）歡迎到……285whatabout+n/doingeg:whataboutanapple286whatif如果……怎么辦Whatif+句子eg:Whatifitistrue?如果是真的怎么辦？Whatifaliensshouldcometotheearth假如外星人來到地球怎么辦？287whattheywilldo=whattodo288What'sthematter?=What'sthetrouble?=What'swrong?有什么困難？289while+延續(xù)性動詞290whydon'tyoudo=whynotdo291willyoupleasedowillyoupleasenotdo292withone'sbest=withthehelpofsb在某人的幫助下293withthehelpofsb在某人的幫助下withone'shelp294workat…在某處工作295workwithsb和某人一起工作296wouldlikesth/todostheg:IwouldliketogotoLuZhou297wouldyouplease+do298yet:至今，用在否定句中299you'dbetterdo最好做某事=you'dbetternotdo最好不要做某事300不定式+v(原）301聯系動詞（taste吃起來/sound聽起來/look看起來/smell聞起來）+adj302名詞、副詞、形容詞修飾enough時,形容詞放在之前，名詞副詞放在之后303太多toomuch+不可數toomany+可數muchtoo相當于very，修飾形容詞304向賓語提問：Whom305向地點提問：Where306向方式提問：How307向價格和不可數名詞提問：Howmuch308向可數名詞提問：Howmany309向頻率提問：Howoften310向時間段提問：Howlong311向時間提問：whattime/when312向物主代詞提問：Whose313向職業(yè)提問：whatdo/does……do314向主語提問：Who315在將來時中，……以后（用in，一般時態(tài)中，……以后（用afterIt'stimeforsth.該到做某事的時間了.It'stimetodosth.(It'stimeforsb.todosth)該到(某人)做某事的時間了.補遺1.can'twaittodosth.迫不及待地要求做某事.2.ask(tell)sb.(not)todosth.請(告訴)某人(不)做某事.3.make/letsb.todosth.讓某人做某事.4.hear/see/sb.dosth聽見/看見某人做某事.5.hadbetter(not)dosth最好不做某事.6.It'sbettertodosth最好做某事7.It'sbesttodosth最好做某事8.enjoy喜歡做某事9.finish結束做某事10.keep繼續(xù)做某事11.keepondoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事12.carryon繼續(xù)做某事13.goon繼續(xù)做某事14.feellike喜歡做某事15.stoptodosth與stopdoingsth停下來去做某事(與)停止做某事.16.forget/remembertodo與forget/rememberdoingsth.忘記/記得去做某事(與)忘記/記得曾經做過事.17.keep(prevent,stop)sb.fromdoingsth阻止/防止/阻欄栽人做某事18.prefer…to……喜歡……勝過……19.prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.寧愿做某事,而不原做某事.20.usedtodosth.過去常常做某事.21.What'swrongwith……?……出了問題(事)?22.havenothingtodowith……與……無關23.bebusydoingsth.在忙于做某事24.too……to……太……以致知于不……25.so……that……如此……以致知于不……26.such……that……如此……以致知于不……27.Ittakesb.sometimetodosth.某人做某事用了一些時間.28.spend……onsth.(doingsth.)花錢/時間做某事.29.pay……forsth.花費(錢)買某物.30.What/howabout……?……怎么樣(好嗎)?31.wouldliketodosth.想要/愿意做某事..32.Idon'tthinkthat我認為……不……33.Whynotdosth.?Whydon'tyoudosth.?為什么不做某事呢?34.Whatdoyoumeanby…?你…是什么意思?35.Whatdoyouthinkof……(Howdoyoulike…)你認為…怎么樣?36.Mikeenjoyscollectingstamps.SodoI.邁克喜歡集郵.我也也喜歡.37.Themore,thebetter.越多越劇好.38.Thanksfordoingsth.謝謝你做了某事.39.Itissaidthat…據說…感官動詞see,watch,observe,notice,lookat,hear,listento,smell,taste,feel+do表示動作的完整性，真實性；+doing表示動作的連續(xù)性，進行性Isawhimworkinthegardenyesterday.昨天我看見他在花園里干活了。(強調"我看見了"這個事實)Isawhimworkinginthegardenyesterday.（強調"我見他正干活"這個動作）昨天我見他正在花園里干活。one…theother只有兩個some…theothers有三個以上one…another，another…some…others，others…others=otherpeople/thingstheothers=therest剩余的全部1)泛指另一個用another。2)一定范圍內兩人(物)，一個用one，另一個用theother。3)一定范圍內三者，一個用one，另一個用one(another)，第三個可用theother，athird。4)一定范圍內，除去一部分人/物，剩余的全部用theothers。時，也用others。5)泛指別的人或物時，用others當在一定范圍內，除去一部分后，剩余部分但不是全部welcometosp→歡迎到某地Eg.WelcometoChina.2.What'sthematterwithsb./sth?→出什么毛病了？Eg.What'sthematterwithyourwatch?3.bedifferentfrom→與不同Eg.TheweatherinBeijingisdifferentfromthatofNanjing.4.bethesameas→與……相同Eg.Histrousersarethesameasmine.5.befriendlytosb.→對某人友好Eg.Mr.Wangisveryfriendlytous.6.wanttodosth.→想做某事Eg.Iwanttogotoschool.7.wantsb.todosth.→想讓某人做某事Eg.Iwantmysontogotoschool.8.whattodo→做什么Eg.Wedon'tknowwhattodonext.9.letsb.dosth.讓→某人做某事Eg.Lethimentertheroom.10.letsb.notdosth.→讓某人不做某人Eg.Lethimnotstandintherain.11.whydon'tyoudosth?→怎么不做某事呢？=Eg.Whydon'tyouplayfootballwithus?12.whynotdosth.?→怎么不做某事呢？Eg.Whynotplayfootballwithus?13.makesb.sth.→為某人制造某物=Eg.Myfathermademeakite.14.makesthforsb.→為某人制造某物Eg.Myfathermadeakiteforme.15.What…meanby…?→做……是什么意思？Eg.Whatdoyoumeanbydoingthat?16.likedoingsth.→喜愛做某事Eg.Jimlikesswimming.17.liketodosth.→喜愛做某事Eg.Hedoesn'tliketoswimnow.18.feellikedoingsth.→想做某事Eg.Ifeellikeeatingbananas.19.wouldliketodosth.→愿意做某事Eg.Wouldyouliketogorowingwithme?20.wouldlikesb.todosth.→愿意某人做某事Eg.I'dlikeyoutostaywithmetonight.21.makesb.dosth.→逼使某人做某事Eg.Hisbrotheroftenmakeshimstayinthesun.22.letsb.dosth.→讓某人做某事Eg.Letmesingasongforyou.23.havesb.dosth.→使某人做某事Eg.Youshouldn'thavethestudentsworksohard.24.befarfromsp→離某地遠Eg.Hisschoolisfarfromhishome.25.beneartosp→離某地近Eg.Thehospitalisneartothepostoffice.26.begoodatsth./doingsth.→擅長某事/做某事Eg.WearegoodatEnglish.Theyaregoodatboating.27.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.→某人花多少時間做某事Eg.Ittookmemorethanayeartolearntodrawabeautifulhorseinfiveminutes.28.sb.spendssometime/money(in)doingsth.→某人花多少時間做某事Eg.Ispenttwentyyearsinwritingthenovel.29.sb.spendssometime/moneyonsth.→某事花了某人多少時間/金錢Eg.Jimspent1000yuanonthebike.30.sth.costssb.somemoney.→某物花了某人多少錢Eg.ThebikecostJim1000yuan.31.sb.payssomemoneyforsth.→某人為某物付了多少錢Eg.Jimpaid1000yuanforthebike.32.begin/startwithsth.→開始做某事Eg.Thestartedthemeetingwithasong.33.begoingtodos