《貿(mào)易客源國概況》課件-3-1-2 坐在電車上的國家The Country Sitting on the Tramcar

TheCountrySittingontheTramcarLecturer:GuoZhiwenAustraliaisrichinmineralresources.Manycontinentsintheworld,suchasNorthAmerica,SouthAmericaandAfrica,arelargerthanit.TheEurasiancontinentisstillseventimeslargerthanit.However,themineralresourcesofsomanycontinentsarenotasgoodasAustralia.Australiasitsfirmlyonthetramcarandenjoysitssuccess.Australiaisrichinmineralresources,oilandnaturalgas.Thereareatleast70kindsofmineralresourcesinAustralia,whichisknownas"thecountrysittingonthetramcar".Australiaistheworld'slargestironoreexporter,exporting1.07billiontonsofironoreeveryyear,almostmonopolizing66%oftheworld'sironoreexports,withanexportvalueof107billionAustraliandollars.Threeoftheworld'sfourmajorironoregiantsareinAustralia,namelyBHP,RioandFMG.Theyareallhigh-gradeironores,andtheirlowestironorescanreach60%,whichisreallyenviable.Australiaisrichinhigh-qualitycokingcoalandsteamcoalwithhighcalorificvalue,lowsulfurcontentandlowprice.Australiaalsoproduces420tonsofgoldeveryyear,wortha$30billion,surpassingChinaandrankingfirstintheworld.Australiaistheworld'slargestproducerofbauxite,alumina,diamonds,leadandtantalum.Australiaissorichinresources,largelyduetotheblockseparationmovementmorethan200millionyearsago.Unlikeothercontinents,thecrustalmovementinAustraliaisrelativelystable,whichprovidesopportunitiesfortheformationofsomelarge-scalesedimentarydeposits.Onelayerafteranother,afterhundredsofmillionsofyears,thickironores,coalminesandoilfieldshavebeenformed.Inaddition,itisnotdifficulttofindfromthemapthatAustralia'scoalminesandironoresaredistributedontheedgeoftheland,whichcanbedugoutandshipped,especiallysuitableforshipping,savingtimeandlaborcosts.Thegeographicallocationsurroundedbythes