山東省菏澤市鄄城縣第一中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期開學(xué)英語試題（原卷版）

2024—2025學(xué)年高二開年大聯(lián)考英語試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回?？荚嚂r(shí)間為120分鐘，滿分150分第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwillMarydonext?A.TeachMikeinperson.B.LendhernotebooktoMike.C.HandinMike’ssicknote.2.Howdidthewomangetthepapercuttings?A.Shecutthemherself.B.Herfatherboughtthemforher.C.Herfriendgavethemtoher.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Atthewoman’shome.C.Attheman’shome.4.Whoisprobablythewoman?A.Adesigner.B.Amodel.C.Asaleswoman.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirtravelexperiences.B.Theirfavoritecities.C.Theirholidayplans.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7兩個(gè)小題。6.Whydoesthemanapologize?AFornotgoingtotheamusementpark.B.Fornotattendingtheparentteachermeeting.C.Fornotexplainingthereasonintime.7Whatsubjectisthewomanprobablybadat?A.Math.B.English.C.Physics.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9兩個(gè)小題。8.Howdidthewomanknowaboutthesofa?A.Fromthenewspaper.B.Fromherbrother.C.Fromanapp.9.Whydidthemandecidetosellthesofa?A.Hiswifedoesn’tlikeit.B.Hehasboughtanewsofa.C.Thereisn’tenoughroomforitinhisnewplace.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12三個(gè)小題。10.Whatisthemanconcernedaboutmost?A.Thefloor.B.Thebalcony.C.Thesportsfacilities.11.Howmuchdoesthemanhavetopay?A.$800.B.$720.C.$400.12.Whatinformationdoesthemanprovideintheend?A.Hisemailaddress.B.Hisphonenumber.C.Hisfullname.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16四個(gè)小題。13.WhatwasPauldoingbeforetheconversation?A.Playingvideogames.B.Recordingavideo.C.Playingwithhisphone.14.HowdoesthewomansuggestPaulfindajob?A.BysearchingtheInternet.B.Byreadingthelocalnewspapers.C.Bywalkingaroundinthecity.15.WhatisPaulprobablyunwillingtodo?A.Workintheevenings.B.Workonweekends.C.Workfarawayfromhome.16.WhichjobwillPaulprobablyconsider?A.Areporter.B.Awaiter.C.Abusdriver.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20四個(gè)小題。17.WhydidSarooBrierleygetonthetrainwhenhewasfour?A.Totraveltoanewcity.B.Togobackhome.C.Tolookforhisbrother.18.WhatdidSarooBrierleywriteinhisbookALongWayHome?A.Hiscuriosityabouthishometown.B.Hisimpressionofhisbrother.C.HisAustralianfamily.19.HowdidSarooBrierleyfindhishometown?A.Byaskingaladyforhelp.B.BygoingtoIndianvillagesinperson.C.Byusingadigitalmappingprogram.20.HowdidSarooBrierleyfeelintheend?A.Disappointed.B.Excited.C.Curious.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABestSTEMSummerCampsForKidsCarnegieMellonSAMSCollegepreparationisaprimarygoalofScience,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics(STEM)programs,andCarnegieMellonUniversityoffersanaccelerated(快捷的)summeracademyforthisspecificpurpose.Thebestpartaboutitisthatit’spletelyfreeforstudents.TheSummerAcademyforMathandScience(SAMS)lastsfiveweeksandprovidesafulltimeeducationalexperienceduringtheschoolbreak.Applicantsneedtobeajuniorinhighschool.MadScienceWorldwideMadScienceWorldwidehasseverallocationsacrosstheUnitedStatesandothercountries.Unlikeothertraditionalcamps,theirSTEMcampsarehostedatschoolsandallowentireclassestoattend.MadScienceWorldwidehassummercampsforkidsages312.Sessionsareavailableinhalfdayandfulldaysessions.Theteachertostudentratefallsbetween1:121:15,withinstructorswhoareeitherteachersorcollegestudentswithpreviousexperienceteachingchildren.AstroCampLocatedinthebeautifulSanJacintoMountainsofSouthernCalifornia,AstroCampbinesthetraditionalsummercampswithalargelistofactivitiesfocusedonSTEMlearning.AstroCampofferstwoweeksessionsofeducationandfuntokidsages8to17.Campactivitieslikerockclimbing,hiking,andsailing,keepcampersactiveinthesun.InSTEMactivitieskidscanexploretheuniversewithtelescopesduringstarnightsorconductexperimentswithgasesandatmosphereinthelab.SpaceCampSomechildrendreamofbeinganastronaut,andtheycanliveoutthosedreamsatSpaceCamp.LocatedinHuntsville,Alabama,incooperationwiththeU.S.RocketandSpaceCenter,SpaceCamphasservedfamiliessince1982.Programsaresixdayslongforcampers918.ParentscansharethefunwiththeirchildrenbyenrollingintheFamilySpaceAcademyoption,whichlaststhreedays.Therearealsootherspecialtycampsthatfocusonaviation(航空)andcybersecurity.1.What’sthepurposeofCarnegieMellonSAMS?A.Togetstudentsreadyforhighereducation.B.Toofferscholarshiptohighschoolstudents.C.Toentertainstudentsduringsummerholiday.D.Toprovidestudentswithfulltimecollegeexperience.2.WhatdoweknowaboutAstroCamp?A.Itissponsoredbylocalspacecenter.B.Itisatwoweekcampbasedataschool.C.Itfeaturesvariousexcitingextremesports.D.ItintegratesregularcampactivitieswithSTEMlearning.3.Whichcamphasactivitiesintendedforbothchildrenandparents?A.AstroCamp. B.CarnegieMellonSAMS.C.SpaceCamp. D.MadScienceWorldwide.BIt’satruthuniversallyacknowledgedthatkidsarerarelyfondofeatingtheirgreens.Butfruitsandvegetablesarethefoundationofahealthydiet,whichmakesparentseupwithcreativesolutionstogettheirchildrentohappilyeatthem.That’showfoodartistSarahBeachcameupwithanidea—turntheseingredientsintocharacters,animals,objects,andeveninspiringmessages.Herdeliciouscreations,whichshesharesonherFacebook,arealsoafeastfortheeyes.Beach’sadventureintheworldoffoodartbeganin2018,withasimplerabbitdesign.Herfoodartworksnotonlyputasmileonherchildren’sfaces,butalsokeepthemingbackformore.Fortheartist,foodarthasalsoprovidedherwithawaytorelaxafterwork.“MostofmydesignsstartduetoaneventorideaIhave.ThenIlookwhichfruitswouldworktomakethedesignappealingtokids,”shesaid.“Colorsarekey.”Stayingtruetoherpurpose,Beachonlyusesfreshfruitandvegetables,alongwithseeds,nuts,andoccasionallyatouchofchocolate.Herartdoesnotcontainanyfoodadditives(添加劑).Stickingtohervaluesaroundfoodhasmadehernoticetheversatility(多功能)ofeachingredient.ForBeach,blueberrieslendthemselvesperfectlyforvariouselements.“Iloveworkingwithblueberries.Youcanusethemforeyes,skin,linesandbackground.Veryhealthyanddeliciousaswell.”Everyonehastheirownuniqueapproachtocreativity.Beachsaid,“Idon’treallyhaveacreativeprocess.Themostbasicofmycreationstakeonlyaround30minutestocreate,whilesomemoreplexdesignstakeuptotwohours.IgetideaswhenIlistentothenews,readbooksorsurftheInternet.Ihaveadeepseatedinnerpassiontodevelopnovel,useful,andsometimesbeautifulsolutionstokids’healthyeating.Somyfruitartillustratesmybeliefandpassion.”4.WhydidSarahBeachstartcreatingfoodart?A.Todevelopanewhobbyafterwork. B.Tobeefamousonsocialmedia.C.Toexperimentwithdifferentfoodingredients. D.Togetkidstoeatfruitsandvegetableshappily.5.WhatdoesSarahsayaboutthecolorsinherfoodartdesigns?A.Theyareessentialtoherfoodart. B.Theyareselectedbythechildren.C.Theyareoptionalforsomedesigns. D.Theyarereplacedbyartificialcolors.6WhatcanweknowaboutSarahfromthelastparagraph?A.Sheusesnaturalingredientsforherdesigns.B.Sheintegratesloveandcreativityintoherfoodart.C.Shecooperateswithsocialmediaforinspiration.D.Sheisunwillingtoconcentrateonthecreativeprocess.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.FreshFruitsandVegetablesBenefitingChildrenB.PracticalSuggestionsonMaintainingaHealthyDietC.TurnOrdinaryIngredientsintoDeliciousWorksofArtD.SarahBeach’sJourneytoBeaProfessionalFoodArtistCWhetherwearesittingdownorstandingup,stillormoving,bodypostureinfluencesourmood.Severalstudieshaveshownthislinkbetweenphysicalpostureandmood.Othershaveshownarelationshipbetweenourmoodandourcognitive(認(rèn)知的)performance,includingmemory,reasoning,learning,andthespeedofreactionandprocessingofinformation.Soalogicalquestionarises.Canbodypostureinfluenceourcognitiveperformance?Previously,aNewZealandteam(UniversityofAuckland)carriedoutanexperimentonposturewhenwewalk,especiallyinthestreet.Theteamhadfoundaveryclearinfluenceofourpostureonourmoodandconfidence.Itappearsthatwalkingwithahunchedback,bowedheadandmotionlessarmshaveanegativeinfluenceonourmentalstate.Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatthesimpleactofstraighteningup,standingupstraight,withyourheadheldhigh,andgazing(注視)forwardgivesusaseriousboostofconfidence.Notonlydoesourspontaneous(自發(fā)的)posturehaveapsychologicaleffect,butbycorrectingit,itispossibletobringaboutimprovementinthelongterm.IntheotherstudythistimecarriedoutbyanAustrianteam(FriedrichAlexanderUniversityinErlangenNuremberg),researchersobservedthesamephenomenon,thistimeinasittingposition.Youngadultswereinvitedtoparticipateintestspresentedasintendedtoassesstheirabilitytoconcentrate.Infact,theresearchershadthemsitindifferentposturesfromuprighttoveryslumpedinordertonotetheirinfluencesonmoodandcognition.Afirstobservationindicatesthat“sittingupright”isassociatedwithabetteroverallmood.Itisalsofoundtohaveapositiveinfluenceonthespeedofprocessinginformationandpletingtasks,althoughthetestpassratedoesnotvarysignificantlywithposture.Finally,andsurprisinglyenough,bloodpressureisalittlemorefavorableinanuprightposition.Tofurtherpletethelistofbenefitsofsittingupright,wewilladdthatitiswidelyremendedforprotectingthebackincaseofworkthatrequiressittingforalongtime.8.Whydoesthewriterintroducethestudiesatthebeginning?A.Toexplainwhatcognitiveperformanceis.B.Toemphasizetheimportanceofbodyposture.C.Toprovetheresultsofthosestudiesareinaccurate.D.Toraiseanewquestiontobestudiedandsolved.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hunched”meaninparagraph3?A.Straight. B.Bent. C.Loose. D.Solid.10.WhatdoesthestudyconductedbytheNewZealandteamindicate?A.Postureinfluencesourmentalstate. B.Straighteninguphasanegativeeffect.C.Gazingupwardbuildsupconfidence. D.Walkingpostureishardtoadjust.11.Whatcanwelearnaboutsittingupright?A.Itrequiressittingforalongtime. B.Ithelpsimprovethetestpassrate.C.Ithasmentalandphysicalbenefits. D.Itincreasesthebloodpressure.DWithmorethanhalfthecountrylocatedbelowsealevel,theNetherlandshasahistoryofflooding.Nowclimatechangehasbroughtmoresevereweather,heavyrainfall,andevendroughttothearea,forcingthecityofAmsterdamtoconsidernewwaystoprotectitself,andthat’swhereResilioesin.TheprojectResiliobuildsinnovativesmartbluegreenroofsthroughoutAmsterdam.Togetherwiththelocalgovernment,fromtheyears2018to2022theyinstalled(安裝)specializedroofsinAmsterdamneighborhoodsthatareinthemostdangerofflooddamage.Theroofsaresimilartotheconceptofgreenroofsbutalotsmarter.That’sbecausetheroofsaremadeofmanylayers.Themostimportantlayeristhewaterremaininglayer.Thislayerservesadoublepurpose.Intimesofheavyrainfall,itcollectsrainwaterthatwouldotherwisefloodthestreets,whileintimesofdroughtthewaterfeedsthegardenonthetoplayer.Itisthislayerthatdifferentiatesbluegreenroofsfromregulargreenroofs.AstudyintheJournalofEnvironmentalManagementshowsthatbluegreenroofscancollectupto97percentofextremerain,asopposedtotheabout12percentthatregulargreenroofscancollect.WhatmakesResilioroofssounique,however,aretheirsmartsystems.Multiplebluegreenroofsareconnectedthroughadigitalnetwork,meaningtheroofscaneachbecontrolledindividually,respondingtotheamountofwatercollectedonthatparticularroofasneeded.Eachroofalsohasasmartvalve(閥門)thatisconnectedtoaputersystemcalledtheDecisionSupportSystem(DSS).TheDSSnetworkswithlocalweatherforecaststodecidewhetherthevalveonaparticularroofshouldopen,spillingwatersafely.andslowlyintothesewer(下水道)system,orwhetheritshouldremainclosedandcollecttheingrain.ThesearetheinnovationsthatmakeResiliotrulyrevolutionary.Bluegreenroofsshowthatthesolutionstothedangersthatclimatechangebringsneedtobecreativeandmustworkonmanylevels.12.WhatisthepurposeoftheResilioprojectinAmsterdam?A.Tostudytheeffectofthebluegreenroofs. B.Tocreategardensonthetopofthebuildings.C.Toinstallspecializedroofsinneighborhoods. D.Topromotecreativesolutionstoclimatechange.13.Whatdoestheauthormainlyshowinparagraph3?A.Thewidespreaduseofthebluegreenroofs. B.Theintelligenceofthebluegreenroofs.C.Thesignificanceofwaterremaininglayer. D.Thenewapproachtocollectingrainwater.14.Howdoestheauthorshowtheeffectivenessofbluegreenroofsinparagraph4?A.Bypresentingreasons. B.Byanalyzingtypicalcases.C.Byquotingresearchfindings. D.Byparingopinions.15.Whatmakescontrollingthewaterleveloneachroofsystempossible?A.Thegovernment’ssupport. B.ThesmartnetworksinResilio.C.Theconvenientsewersystem. D.Thepreciseweatherforecast.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhatisitthatallowsSteveJobsandElonMusktoinnovatesoconsistently?____16____It’sabouttryingtostepoutsideofthementalrestrictionsweimpose(強(qiáng)加于)uponourselvestoattempttolookataprobleminanewlight.Beingcreativeallowsyourselftodothingsexperiencethingsorconsiderthingsinunfamiliarways.____17____Becurious.Creativityatworkisnotlimitedonlytowhatgoesonintheworkplace.Ifyouwanttobeacreativeandinnovativeindividual,youneedtobroadenyourhorizons.___18___Thiscanhelpyoulearnaboutasmanyfieldsofknowledgeasyoucan.Ifyouhaveatoonarrowoutlook,youwon’tbeabletobreakoutofyourlimitedworldviewandmaketheconnectionsyouneedtohaveoriginalthoughts.___19___Ifcreativityisallabouthavingdifferentperspectivesandviewpoints,thenitmustmakesensetohirepeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsandwithdifferentexperiences.Ifyou’retheboss,don’tsimplyhirepeopleinyourownimage.Ifyoupopulateyourofficewithyourclonesandyourpanywithlikemindedpeople,creativitywillsuffer.Amuchbetterhiringpolicyistotrytocreateateamasdiverseaspossible.Whenitestodiscussionsandingupwithnewideas,youwillgaintherewards.Surroundyourselfwithinspiration.Alwaysbeonthelookoutfornewandexcitingmaterialanddecorateyourworkspacewithwhateveryoufind.___20___It’suptoyou.Makesureyoukeepreplacingeverythingtoo—itwillkeepyourspacefresh,andthis,inturn,willkeepyourmindfresh.Aboveall,don’tletyourenvironmentbeedullandboring.A.Buildadiverseteam.B.Organizebrainstormingsessionsinyourteam.C.Trytostepoutsideoftheworldyouarefamiliarwith.D.Hereareafewthingstohelpyoubemorecreativeatwork.E.Creativityisabouttryingtoseethingsfromadifferentangle.F.It’samazingthatasimplechangeofscenerycanhelpyourcreativityflowagain.G.Itcouldbenewspaperheadlines,inspiringsentences,objects,photosoranythingelse.第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Asaparent,therearecertainsituationsyoucan’thelpbutfear.OneofthosehappenedtoStephanieGeorgerecently.OnSaturday,sheandher7yearoldsonSebastianwerespendinga____21____eveningtogether.BecauseSebastianhasararegeneticdisability,he____22____throughafeedingtube(管子).Usually,heexperiencesno____23____.Butonthatnight,somethingwentwrong.Itturnsoutthatthepotatoandchickenwasn’tgot____24____wellenoughforthe7yearold.Asaresult,thefoodgotstuckinhisthroat.Hebeganto____25____.Stephaniedidherbesttostay____26____,butitdidn’ttakelongforthissituationtobeeterrible.Asaresult,thismomhurriedto____27____herphone,butasshewastypingthenumber911andlookingto____28____Sebastian,hewasalreadyblue.That’swhenshestartedto____29____.Afraidthathelpwouldn’tarriveintime,Stephanie____30____toaneighbornamedGaryHutchinson.WithSebastianinher____31____,shespoketoGarythroughhisdoorbellcamerawhilehemadehiswaytothem.Despitethe____32____situation,bothadultswereabletoremaincalmandactquickly.____33____,GaryhashadCPRtraining,soherecoveredhisinstincts(本能)onceSebastianwasinhis____34____.So,terrifyingasthissituationwasforallthreeofthem,intheend,this7yearoldwas____35____justintime.He’sdoingjustfinenow!Stephaniecouldn’tbemoregrateful.21.A.exceptional B.normal C.painful D.desperate22.A.breathes B.shifts C.digests D.eats23.A.operation B.issues C.delays D.blame24.A.melt B.packed C.cleaned D.mixed25.A.scream B.bleed C.choke D.chew26.A.calm B.strict C.optimistic D.outstanding27.A.drop B.arrange C.grab D.select28.A.assess B.encourage C.treat D.justify29.A.plain B.panic C.reform D.collapse30.A.rangup B.droveaway C.rushedover D.cameback31.A.arms B.knees C.wheelchair D.hands32.A.amazing B.confusing C.frightening D.embarrassing33.A.Ultimately B.Initially C.Obviously D.Thankfully34.A.motivation B.care C.assumption D.experiment35.A.saved B.connected C.praised D.convinced第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。PassantSayedKhalilisaChineseteacherattheConfuciusInstituteofCairoUniversityinEgypt.ShebeganlearningChineseatthesuggestionofherfather,____36____believedthattherelationshipbetweenEgyptandChinawasbeingincreasinglyclose,makinglearningChinesevery____37____(benefit)tofuturedevelopment.However,herjourneyoflearningChinesewasfullof____38____(challenge).PassantSayedKhalilrecalledfacingpronunciationdifficultiesinthefirstweekoflearningChineseatCairoUniversity.“Chineseis____39____(plete)differentfrommynativeArabiclanguage.SoIneededtoputinextraefforttolearn.”Throughcontinuoushardwork,PassantSayedKhalil’sChineseproficiencyimprovedovertime.In2019,she____40____(award)theglobalchampionshipofthe18th“ChineseBridge”WorldUniversityChineseLanguagepetition.InSeptember2019,after____41____(graduate)fromCairoUniversity,PassantSayedKhalilwenttoBeijingNormalUniversity____42____(pursue)hermaster’sdegree.InJuly2021,aftertwoyearsofstudyattheConfuciusInstituteofCairoUniversity,shesuccessfullyobtainedhermaster’sdegree____43____becameaChineseteacherattheConfuciusInstituteofCairoUniversity.Today,sheoftentellsherstudentsstoriesaboutChinaand____44____(it)cultureintheclassroom.SheshareshersecretsoflearningChinesewithherstudentspracticemore,facedifficulties,andalsoshowsthemplaces______45______interestinBeijingsuchastheGreatWalltoexperienceChineseculture.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是李華，你的在北京學(xué)習(xí)的英國朋友Jim寫信告訴你他對一些中國人的日常肢體語言感到非常困惑。據(jù)此，請你給他寫封回信，內(nèi)容包括：1.表達(dá)安慰；2.舉例說明中國人的日常肢體語言；3.你的期盼。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearJim,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Oneafternoon,EmmaandIwerewalkinghomefromschool,chattingaboutourday.Emma,withhercuriouseyesshining,askedmeaboutmyfriendshipwithLucy.Withoutthinking,Isaid,“IonlyhungoutwithLucybecauseshewantedmeto,butIdidn’treallywanttobefriendswithher.Shewaskindofboring.”Unluckily,Ididn’tknowLucywasnearby.WhenIlookedup,shewasrightthere,havingheardeverything.Herfaceturnedpale,andhereyesgotbigwithsurprise.