山東省濟(jì)南市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末學(xué)習(xí)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試題【含答案】

第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber頁，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages頁第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber頁，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages頁山東省濟(jì)南市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末學(xué)習(xí)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試題一、閱讀理解（本大題共5小題）StanfordUniversityhasannouncedaspecialdistance-learningopportunityforoutstandinghighschoolanduniversitystudentsfromChinawiththecoursetitled“DesignThinkingintoAction:AdolescentPsychologicalandPhysicalHealth”.FallcoursedatesSeptember21toNovember23,2024.(Finaldeadlinetoapply:August31,2024.Early-birddeadline:June1,2024.)Applicationsareconsideredonarollingbasis.Tuition(學(xué)費(fèi))$4000(Early-bird:$3500).10%offfortwoormoresign-ups.WhattogainStudentswhosuccessfullycompletethecoursewillreceiveaCertificateofCompletionfromStanfordProgramonInternationalandCross-culturalEducation,StanfordUniversity.Studentswillalsogainpracticalandacademicskills.●10“virtualclasses”onlineinrealtimeonSaturdaymorningsat9:00Beijingtime;●Pre-recorded,university-levellecturesbyleadingscholarsfromStanfordUniversity;●Real-timediscussionsledbyguestlecturerstofamiliarizestudentswiththedynamicsofclassroomparticipationinStanfordUniversity;●Shortwritingassignmentstoimprovecriticalthinkingskills.Requirementsincluded:●Registrationingrades10,11,or12inahighschoolinChinawithoutstandingacademicexperience,orinyear1or2inauniversityinChina;●Abilitytoread,write,anddiscusscomplexideasinEnglish;●Acompleteapplicationincludingawrittenpersonalstatement,schoolreportandavailabilityforavirtualinterview;●Useofapersonalcomputer,camera,microphone,andreliableaccesstoabroadbandInternetconnection.Admissiontothisprogramiscompetitive;upto30outstandingstudentswillbeaccepted.1．Whatisthepaymentfortwoearly-birdapplicants?A．$3500. B．$4000. C．$6300. D．$7000.2．Whatdoesthecourseoffertostudents?A．DiscussionswithStanfordstudents. B．Professionalinstructionsinwriting.C．10classesintheStandfordcampus. D．Somerecordedlecturesbyexperts.3．Whatisamustforapplicants?A．AgoodgraspofEnglish. B．Arecommendationletter.C．Experienceininterviews. D．Completionofhighschool.Despitebeingbornwithouthands,12-year-oldAubreySauviehasneverletlimitationsholdherback.Frommasteringmartialarts(武術(shù))toexpressingherselfthroughart,sheadvancesbravelyinaworldthatoftenprioritizesphysicalability.However,herpassionfordrummingpresentedaspecialbarrier:howcouldsheholdthedrumstickswithoutslippingout?AwareofAubrey’sproblem,herbanddirectorproposedherforTechEngineeringforKids,aprogramwhichisrunthroughajunior-levelengineeringcourseoftheTennesseeTechUniversity.Itinvolvesstudentsworkinginteamstodesignaformofcustomassistivetechnologyforchildrenwithspecialneeds.Uptonow,theyhavecreatedtoysanddevicesforchildrenwithsensorydisorder.LearningaboutAubrey’sstory,ateamoftenengineeringstudentsoftheprogramdecidedtocreate3D-printedprostheses(義肢)specificallydesignedfordrumming.TheywouldsendacertaindesigntoAubrey,whowouldthenprovidefeedback,like“Ithinkthisisgood,butit'salittlebitlong.Coulditbeshortened?’or“It’salittlebithotonmyarm.Couldyoupotentially,like,makeitalittlebitmorebreathable?”Theteamcreatedaboutsixiterationsoftheprosthesesuntiltheyweresatisfiedwiththefinalproduct,whichwasnotonlyhard-wearingbutalsoflexible,allowingfordrumstickattachmentsonbotharms.Thisinnovationnotonlyimprovedsoundqualitybutalsoprovidedtheflexibilityneededforadvanceddrummingtechniques.Aubreywasverygratefulforthistechnicalsolution.“IwasreallyexcitedthatIwasgoingtobeabletousethenewprosthesesandtrythemout,”sheremarked.“Theyarebecomingaveryusefulandresourcefultooltohelpmewithmydrumming.”Withhernewfounddrummingfreedom,Aubreysetshersightsonmasteringafulldrumset.Meanwhile.TechEngineeringforKidsreadiesitselftoextenditsreach,bridgingthegapbetweenlimitationsandambitionsthroughtechnology.4．WhattroublesAubreyalot?A．Lackingpassionforsports. B．Owningnotalentformusic.C．Inaccessibilitytoexperttraining. D．Inabilitytooperateaninstrument.5．WhatisTechEngineeringforKidsintendedtodo?A．Offerengineeringcourses. B．Designsustainabledevices.C．Createpersonalizedadaptivetools. D．Improveoverallusers’experience.6．Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“iterations”inParagraph3?A．Uses. B．Versions. C．Materials. D．Kinds.7．Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A．Limitationbringsdownpeople’creativity.B．Ambitionfuelsthedesiresofthedisabled.C．Sciencebreaksdownthebarriersamongpeople.D．Technologyempowerspeopletopursuedreams.Robotsareseparatedintotwoparts:thebrainandthebody.AnAIbraincanhelprunthetrafficsystemofacity,butmanyrobotsstillstruggletoopenadoor—whyisthat?“Softwarehasadvancedrapidlyinrecentyears,buthardwarehasnotkeptup.Currently,allrobotsrelyonelectricityandsoftwaretofunction.Theroboticbraincomposedofsoftwaretranslatesinformationtothebodyorhardwarethroughanencoder(編碼器),whichthenperformsanaction,”saidDrAntonioForte,aseniorlecturerinengineeringatKing’sCollegeLondon.Toovercomethis,Forte’steamdevelopedacircuitbyintegratingliquid-basedcircuitswithanadjustablevalve(閥)placedwithinarobot’shardware.Thisvalveactslikeaswitchinanormalcircuitandengineerscansendsignalsdirectlytohardwareusingvariationsinpressurefromliquidinside,allowingtherobottoperformcomplextaskswithouttheneedforelectricityorinstructionfromthecentralbrain.Thisleadsrobotstofunctionindependentlyinchallengingenvironments,suchaslow-incomecountriesthatdonothavereliableaccesstoelectricity.Independentfromthesoftwarerunningit,theadvancedhardwaresystemcarriesthemajorityofcomputationalloadbyitself.Thisopensupthepossibilityofanewgenerationofrobots,whosebodiescouldoperateindependentlyoftheirbuilt-incontrolcenter,withthisspacepotentiallybeingusedinsteadformorecomplexAI-poweredsoftware,andconsequentlytheycanbemoreawareoftheirsocialcontext,whichprovidesforanewkindofroboticsinplaceslikesocialcareandmassproduction.“Ultimately,withoutinvestmentinsuchfieldrobotswillstayatacertainlevelafteraperiodofgrowth.Soon,ifwedonotoffloadthecomputationaltasksthatmodern-dayrobotstakeon,computingimprovementswillhavelittleimpactontheirperformance.Theworkisjustafirststeponthispath,butthefutureholdssmarterrobotswithsmarterbodies,”MostafaMousa,apost-graduateresearcheratKing’sCollegeLondon,commented.8．Whatisholdingbackthedevelopmentofrobotsnowadays?A．Backwardhardware. B．Highelectricitycost.C．Low-speedencoders. D．Complexcalculations.9．Howdoesthevalvefunctioninarobot?A．Ittranslatesinformation. B．Itadjustsliquidpressure.C．Itsendselectricalsignals. D．Itpowersrobots’brains.10．Whatsetsthenewgenerationofrobotsapartfromothers?A．Autonomywithadaptability. B．Resistancetophysicaldamage.C．Understandingofusers’likes. D．Capabilitytocontrolsoftwares.11．WhatdoesMousathinkoftheworkofForte’steam?A．Eventful. B．Doubtful. C．Promising. D．Dismissive.Assumeyouhavebeenofferedaonce-in-a-lifetimejobopportunityabroad,butitmeansleavingbehindyourpartnerwhocan’tfollowyou.Youstartwonderinghowtomakethewisestdecisionbetweenyourcareergoalsandyourcommitmenttotherelationship.Intoday’sworld,wherewefaceunexpectedchallenges,thepursuitforwisdomremainsasrelevantasever.Butwhatarethecriteriaforjudgingwisdom?Thisage-oldquestionhaspuzzledgreatmindsforcenturies.Anddotheyvaryaroundtheworld?Toanswerthesequestions,weconductedastudyasking2,707participantsfrom16culturestocompare10hypothetical(假想的)persons.Forexample,theparticipantscompared“ascientistwhogathersinformationaboutanimals”with“ateacherwhoeducateskidsabouthistory”.Theydecidedwhowasmorelikelytouseeffectivewaystodealwithcomplexsituationswhentryingtomakeadifficultchoice.Then,theyratedthewisdomofeachperson.Weanalyzedallthesecomparisonstoworkoutthehiddendimensionstheparticipantsrelieduponandcalculatedtheweighttheygavetothesedimensionswheninferringthewisdomofthesecharacters.Ourfindingsrevealedthatwhenpeoplemakejudgmentsaboutwisdom,theyessentiallylinkwisdomtotwokeydimensions—reflectiveorientation(反思性建構(gòu))andsocialemotionalawareness.Reflectiveorientationinvolveslogic,reason,controloveremotions,andtheapplicationofpastexperiences.Ontheotherhand,socialemotionalawarenessinvolvescaringforothers,activelistening,andtheabilitytoadapttocomplexsocialsituations.Thetwodimensionsarecloselyrelated,andpeoplethinkaboutbothofthemwhendeterminingwhethertolabelacharacteraswise.Wealsofoundasurprisingcommonalityinhowpeoplearoundtheworldperceivewisdominothers,withboththekeydimensionsreceivingasimilarweightingacrossallcultures.Thiscommonalityislikelyrootedinfundamentalhumanneeds:getaheadandgetalong.Theformerinvolvesrecognizingwhoiscompetenttomakethingshappen,whichisconsistentwithreflectiveorientation.Thelatterrequiresabilitiesrelatedtosocialemotionalawareness.12．WhatistheassumptioninParagraph1about?A．Makingachoice. B．Breakingapromise.C．Settingacareergoal. D．Keepingarelationship.13．Whatdidtheparticipantsdointhestudy?A．Theyevaluatedindividualwisdom. B．Theyanalyzedwisdomdimensions.C．Theycomparedreal-lifewisepersons. D．Theyaddressedchallengingsituations.14．Inwhichcaseissocialemotionalawarenessinvolved?A．Astudentinterpretsquestionstoaclassmate.B．Ascientistreachesconclusionsfromevidences.C．Abosschoosesagreenhandtoservekeycustomers.D．Ateachertakestimetolearnstudents’practicalneeds.15．Whatdoesthelastparagraphfocuson?A．Distinctionsofhumanneeds. B．Similarityinratingwisdom.C．Methodsofgainingwisdom. D．Interflowamongcultures.Luckcanreallyfeelrandom,anditcanbetoughtoknowhowtogetgoodluck.Someindividualsgetinatemporarydilemmawherethingsdon’tgoasplanned.Othersmaybeconvincedtheycan’tcatchabreak.16Itcanbeconsistentlyattractedthrougheffectivestrategies.Maintainingapositivemindsetallowsyoutodrawinluck.Whenyouexpectgoodthingstohappen,youaremorelikelytotakerisksthatcouldleadtofortunateoutcomes.Byembracingthispositiveattitude,youbecomestrongerinthefaceofchallenges.17Thisallowsyoutotryagainafterfailureandfindnewopportunities.18Awidernetworkleadstomoreopportunitiesinyourpursuitoffortune.AccordingtopsychologistRichardWiseman,theNo.Ipredictorofhowmanyluckybreaksspersonhasishowinterconnectedtheyarewithothers.Additionally,thepresenceofasupportivecommunityandfriendshipsfurtherenhancesyourchancesofexperiencinggoodfortune.Manyluckybreaksoccurasaresultofbold(大膽的)actions.Evenifyou’renottypicallyseenasbold,youcanstillenhanceyourconfidence.Forexample,ifyou’refeelingunhappyaboutyourcareerprospects,polishyourresume(簡(jiǎn)歷)andapplytojoblistingsthatinterestyou.19Bywelcomingrisks,youcreateopportunitiesforlucktofindyou.Luckfavorsthosewhoarewillingtoconsidernewideas.Beingopentonewconceptscanhelpputyourgood-lucktrainonanewandfastertrack.Butremember:Stayrealistic.It’snotjustaboutthemindsetbuttheconsequentactionsthatwillbebeneficial.20A．Theseactionshelpgenerateideas.B．Youalsobouncebackmorequickly.C．Socialconnectionscanaffectyourluck.D．However,luckisnotjustamatterofchance.E．Actually,luckissomethingyou’rebornwith.F．Makingsuchamoveistoughbutwellworthit.G．Theyarevitaltoturningopportunitiesintogains.二、完形填空（本大題共1小題）Tome,myfather,FrankDriscoll,wasjustateacher,whoseldomspokeofhiswork.I21paidmuchattentiontohisprofession.Hewasalways22whenIneededhim,solikemostchildren.Itookhimforgranted.At65,heretired,andwhilewefrequentlytalkedaboutmyjobwerarelytoucheduponthe23ofhisteaching.Eveninhisfinaldays.Ididnot24himinconversationabouthiscareer.Atthefuneral(葬禮),Ilistenedasmyfather’sfriendssharedstoriesabouttheirtimetogetherandwhatmyfather25tothem.Ithennoticedsixyoungindividualslinedupto26theguestregistry.Initially,Iassumedtheyhad27arrivedatthewrongfuneral.I28themandpolitelyexplainedthatthiswasthe29forFrankDriscoII.Oneyoungwomantoldmetheyweremyfather’sstudentsadecadeagoandwishedtopaytheir30.Ihadneverexpectedmyfather’sstudentswouldcome.ThoughIwas31,Iinvitedthemintothewake.Theysharedhowmyfatherhadsignificantlyinfluencedtheirlives.Onemanrecalledhowmyfather32himtogetabettereducationasasafetynetinsteadofcoastingonhisathleticability.Hewasgratefullaterwhenhisathleticcareerdidn’t33asexpected.TheirstoriesaboutmyfatherdeeplyaffectedmeandInow34myfatherinanewlight.Iwillnolongerconsiderhimas“justa35”.Hetouchedthelivesofcountlessyoungindividualsandquietlytransformedtheirfutures.21．A．luckily B．openly C．often D．never22．A．busy B．content C．silent D．present23．A．reflection B．subject C．nature D．capacity24．A．engage B．monitor C．interrupt D．a(chǎn)void25．A．promised B．meant C．lent D．a(chǎn)ssigned26．A．mark B．check C．copy D．sign27．A．publicly B．barely C．a(chǎn)ccidentally D．specially28．A．warned B．refused C．discovered D．a(chǎn)pproached29．A．wake B．celebration C．present D．comfort30．A．claims B．dues C．respects D．debts31．A．excited B．a(chǎn)stonished C．confused D．relieved32．A．sponsored B．challenged C．convinced D．forced33．A．getthrough B．workout C．comeup D．breakoff34．A．perceive B．forgive C．remember D．introduce35．A．father B．friend C．coach D．teacher三、語法填空（本大題共1小題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AnexhibitionofChinesemural(壁畫)artmadeitsfirstappearanceoverseasattheUNESCOheadquartersinParis.Theexhibitionprovidedaplatform,36China,Franceandinternationalcommunitieshadadialogueonculturalheritageconservation.ThisexhibitionfeaturedtheextraordinarymuralsfromtheYonglePalace,which37(locate)inRuicheng.Shanxiprovince.ThepalacewasbuiltduringtheYuanDynasty(1271-1368),38(serve)asacenterofworship(祭祖)duringtheruleofEmperorYongle,39listedasanationalkeyculturalheritageconservationunitin1961.Inthisexhibition,hightechnologywasusedforreproductionanddisplaytoleteveryvisitorexperience40uniquecharmofthesemuralsupclose,whichnotonlyexhibited41(exception)artskillsbutalsoheldsignificantreferencevalueforthestudyofChinesethought,artandreligiousculture.The42(integrate)ofclassicalcultureandmoderntechnologyintheexhibitionbreathenewlifeintotraditionalartformsandmadethemaccessible43aglobalaudience.Withtheculturalimportanceofthesemurals44(highlight),theexhibitionsymbolizedthegrowinginterestinChina’srichculturalandreligiousheritageontheglobalstageand45(promote)betterunderstandingandcooperationbetweencountriesinamulticulturalcontext.四、書信寫作（本大題共1小題）46．假定你李華，你班將于本周日前往生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)基地參觀。請(qǐng)寫一封郵件邀請(qǐng)外教Frank參加，內(nèi)容包括：（1）寫信目的；（2）具體安排。注意：（1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；（2）請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearFrank,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題）47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。ForJake,thejourneyfromhighschooltocollegehadneverseemedsochallenging.Therealworld—thecampuslifehehadheardsomuchabout,thedecisionsonwhattostudy,whatcareertopursue,andhowtofindhisplace—feltlikeaheavyweightonhischest.Hehadnocluewhathisfutureheld.Oneafternoon,Jake’smomsuggestedhespendsometimevolunteeringatthecommunitycenter.“Itmightbeagoodwaytotakeyourmindoffthings,”shesaid.Atfirst,heresisted.Volunteeringdidn'tsoundliketherightwaytoprepareforcollege.Heneededtofocusonhisfuture,notwastingtimehelpingothers.Buteventually,heagreedunwillingly.WhenJakefirstarrivedatthecenter,theatmospherefeltunfamiliarbutwarm.Itwasasmall,comfortablespacewithcolorfulwalls,artsupplies,andkidsplayinginthecorner.Hewasassignedtohelpwiththekids’artclass.Thefirstfewdayswereuneventful.Jakejustsatback,passingoutcrayons,organizingtheartsupplies,andoccasionallyofferingawordofencouragementtothekids.Butoneparticularday,agirlcaughthisattention.HernamewasLayla,andshewassittinginthecorner,quietlystaringdownatablankcanvas(畫布),withherhandswrappedtightlyaroundapaintbrush.Herbrushpausedabovethecanvasasifshewerewaitingforpermissiontomakethefirstmark.Jakehadnoexperiencewithartanddidn’tknowhowtoguideLayla.Butsomethingaboutherhesitationtouchedhisheart.Hewalkedovertoherandasked,“Hey,Layla,what'sgoingon?Whyaren'tyoupainting?”Shelookedupathimwithlargebrowneyes,thendownatherhands,whichwereholdingthepaintbrushtightlybutnotmoving.“I’mnotgoodatit,”shereplied.“Idon’tknowhowtomakeitlooklikewhat’sinmymind.”注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Jakesatbesideher,smiling.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________AsLayla’sconfidencegrew,Jakefeltashiftwithinhimself.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案【答案】1．C2．D3．A【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。斯坦福大學(xué)為中國(guó)優(yōu)秀中學(xué)和大學(xué)生提供遠(yuǎn)程課程，文章介紹課程時(shí)間、學(xué)費(fèi)、收獲及申請(qǐng)要求?！窘馕觥?．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Tuition(學(xué)費(fèi))部分“$4000(Early-bird:$3500).10%offfortwoormoresign-ups.(4000美元（早鳥：3500美元）。兩次或兩次以上注冊(cè)可享受10%的折扣。)”可知，早鳥價(jià)每位3500美元，兩人及以上報(bào)名有10%的折扣。那么兩位早鳥價(jià)申請(qǐng)者需支付的費(fèi)用為：3500*2*(1-10%)=6300美元。故選C項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whattogain部分“Pre-recorded,university-levellecturesbyleadingscholarsfromStanfordUniversity;(斯坦福大學(xué)頂尖學(xué)者預(yù)先錄制的大學(xué)級(jí)講座；)”可知，該課程為學(xué)生提供一些專家錄制的講座。故選D項(xiàng)。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Requirementsincluded部分“Abilitytoread,write,anddiscusscomplexideasinEnglish;(能夠用英語閱讀、寫作和討論復(fù)雜的想法；)”可知，申請(qǐng)者必須具備用英語閱讀、寫作和討論復(fù)雜觀點(diǎn)的能力，即要很好地掌握英語。故選A項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?．D5．C6．B7．D【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述天生無手的奧布里熱愛打鼓卻握不住鼓槌，工程團(tuán)隊(duì)為其設(shè)計(jì)3D假肢，助她逐夢(mèng)，體現(xiàn)技術(shù)賦能夢(mèng)想?！窘馕觥?．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“However,herpassionfordrummingpresentedaspecialbarrier:howcouldsheholdthedrumstickswithoutslippingout?(然而，她對(duì)打鼓的熱情卻遇到了一個(gè)特殊的障礙：她怎樣才能握住鼓槌而不滑落呢？)”可知，奧布里困擾的是無法操作打鼓這一樂器。故選D項(xiàng)。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Itinvolvesstudentsworkinginteamstodesignaformofcustomassistivetechnologyforchildrenwithspecialneeds.(它讓學(xué)生們以團(tuán)隊(duì)形式為有特殊需求的兒童設(shè)計(jì)一種定制的輔助技術(shù)。)”可知，“TechEngineeringforKids”旨在為有特殊需求的孩子設(shè)計(jì)個(gè)性化的適應(yīng)性工具。故選C項(xiàng)。6．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“Theteamcreatedaboutsixiterationsoftheprosthesesuntiltheyweresatisfiedwiththefinalproduct,whichwasnotonlyhard-wearingbutalsoflexible,allowingfordrumstickattachmentsonbotharms.(這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)制作了大約六個(gè)____的假肢，直到他們對(duì)最終產(chǎn)品感到滿意，這個(gè)最終產(chǎn)品不僅耐用而且靈活，能夠在兩只手臂上安裝鼓槌。)”以及前文提到奧布里會(huì)對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)給出反饋，如長(zhǎng)度、透氣性等，可推知團(tuán)隊(duì)是在不斷改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)，這里指制作了六個(gè)不同“版本”的假肢，最后一個(gè)版本才靈活耐用，令人滿意。故選B項(xiàng)。7．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，12歲的奧布里天生沒有雙手，對(duì)打鼓的熱愛卻因無法握住鼓槌受阻，“TechEngineeringforKids”項(xiàng)目的學(xué)生團(tuán)隊(duì)通過技術(shù)為她設(shè)計(jì)出合適的假肢，助力她追逐打鼓夢(mèng)想，并根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Meanwhile.TechEngineeringforKidsreadiesitselftoextenditsreach,bridgingthegapbetweenlimitationsandambitionsthroughtechnology.(與此同時(shí)，‘TechEngineeringforKids’準(zhǔn)備擴(kuò)大其影響力，通過技術(shù)彌合限制與抱負(fù)之間的差距。)”可知，文章主要講述了技術(shù)賦予人們追求夢(mèng)想的力量。故選D項(xiàng)。【答案】8．A9．B10．A11．C【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了機(jī)器人的構(gòu)成，導(dǎo)致發(fā)展受到阻礙的原因以及解決方案。【解析】8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Softwarehasadvancedrapidlyinrecentyears,buthardwarehasnotkeptup.Currently,allrobotsrelyonelectricityandsoftwaretofunction.(近年來，軟件發(fā)展迅速，但硬件卻沒有跟上。目前，所有的機(jī)器人都依靠電力和軟件來運(yùn)作)”可知，硬件落后阻礙了機(jī)器人的發(fā)展。故選A。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thisvalveactslikeaswitchinanormalcircuitandengineerscansendsignalsdirectlytohardwareusingvariationsinpressurefromliquidinside,allowingtherobottoperformcomplextaskswithouttheneedforelectricityorinstructionfromthecentralbrain.(這個(gè)閥門的作用就像普通電路中的開關(guān)，工程師可以利用內(nèi)部液體的壓力變化直接向硬件發(fā)送信號(hào)，使機(jī)器人無需電力或中央大腦的指令就能完成復(fù)雜的任務(wù))”可知，閥門通過調(diào)節(jié)液體壓力在機(jī)器人中工作。故選B。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thisopensupthepossibilityofanewgenerationofrobots,whosebodiescouldoperateindependentlyoftheirbuilt-incontrolcenter,withthisspacepotentiallybeingusedinsteadformorecomplexAI-poweredsoftware,andconsequentlytheycanbemoreawareoftheirsocialcontext,whichprovidesforanewkindofroboticsinplaceslikesocialcareandmassproduction.(這開啟了新一代機(jī)器人的可能性，它們的身體可以獨(dú)立于內(nèi)置的控制中心運(yùn)行，而這個(gè)空間可能會(huì)被用于更復(fù)雜的人工智能軟件，因此它們可以更了解自己的社會(huì)環(huán)境，這為社會(huì)護(hù)理和大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)等領(lǐng)域提供了一種新型機(jī)器人)”可知，新一代機(jī)器人與其他機(jī)器人的區(qū)別是具有適應(yīng)性的自主性。故選A。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theworkisjustafirststeponthispath,butthefutureholdssmarterrobotswithsmarterbodies(這項(xiàng)工作只是這條道路上的第一步，但未來會(huì)有更智能的機(jī)器人，擁有更智能的身體)”可知，穆薩認(rèn)為福特團(tuán)隊(duì)的工作是有前途的。故選C?！敬鸢浮?2．A13．A14．D15．B【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)聚焦于智慧評(píng)判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的研究，指出人們?cè)u(píng)判智慧主要基于反思取向和社會(huì)情感意識(shí)兩個(gè)維度，且不同文化在評(píng)判智慧上有相似性。【解析】12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Assumeyouhavebeenofferedaonce-in-a-lifetimejobopportunityabroad,butitmeansleavingbehindyourpartnerwhocan’tfollowyou.Youstartwonderinghowtomakethewisestdecisionbetweenyourcareergoalsandyourcommitmenttotherelationship.(假設(shè)你在國(guó)外得到了一個(gè)千載難逢的工作機(jī)會(huì)，但這意味著你要離開你的伴侶，因?yàn)樗荒芨S你。你開始思考如何在你的職業(yè)目標(biāo)和你對(duì)這段關(guān)系的承諾之間做出最明智的決定)”可知，這里假設(shè)了在職業(yè)目標(biāo)和對(duì)感情的承諾之間做出選擇的情境。故選A項(xiàng)。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Then,theyratedthewisdomofeachperson.(然后，他們給每個(gè)人的智慧打分)”可知，這項(xiàng)研究的參與者評(píng)估個(gè)人的智慧。故選A項(xiàng)。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Ontheotherhand,socialemotionalawarenessinvolvescaringforothers,activelistening,andtheabilitytoadapttocomplexsocialsituations.(另一方面，社會(huì)情感意識(shí)包括關(guān)心他人、積極傾聽和適應(yīng)復(fù)雜社會(huì)情境的能力)”可推知，“一位老師花時(shí)間了解學(xué)生的實(shí)際需求”體現(xiàn)了關(guān)心他人、積極傾聽的能力，符合社會(huì)情感意識(shí)的范疇。故選D項(xiàng)。15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Wealsofoundasurprisingcommonalityinhowpeoplearoundtheworldperceivewisdominothers,withboththekeydimensionsreceivingasimilarweightingacrossallcultures.Thiscommonalityislikelyrootedinfundamentalhumanneeds:getaheadandgetalong.(我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)，在世界各地的人們?nèi)绾慰创说闹腔鄯矫?，有一個(gè)驚人的共性，這兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵維度在所有文化中都得到了相似的權(quán)重。這種共性很可能根植于人類的基本需求：出人頭地，和睦相處)”可知，本段聚焦于各種文化在評(píng)估智慧方面的相似性。故選B項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?6．D17．B18．C19．F20．G【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何通過有效策略吸引好運(yùn)?！窘馕觥?6．上文“Luckcanreallyfeelrandom,anditcanbetoughtoknowhowtogetgoodluck.(運(yùn)氣真的感覺很隨機(jī)，而且很難知道如何獲得好運(yùn))”提出運(yùn)氣具有隨機(jī)性，且獲得好運(yùn)很難。D選項(xiàng)“However,luckisnotjustamatterofchance.(然而，運(yùn)氣不僅僅是偶然的問題)”與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，指出運(yùn)氣并非僅僅是偶然，引出下文“Itcanbeconsistentlyattractedthrougheffectivestrategies.(它可以通過有效的策略持續(xù)地被吸引)”說明可以通過策略吸引好運(yùn)。上下文語意銜接自然。故選D項(xiàng)。17．上文“Byembracingthispositiveattitude,youbecomestrongerinthefaceofchallenges.(通過擁抱這種積極的態(tài)度，你在面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)會(huì)變得更強(qiáng))”說明積極態(tài)度能使人面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)更強(qiáng)。B選項(xiàng)“Youalsobouncebackmorequickly.(你也能更快地恢復(fù))”承接上文，說明積極態(tài)度還能使人更快地從挫折中恢復(fù)過來，“also”表示并列的遞進(jìn)，引出積極態(tài)度的另一個(gè)好處。故選B項(xiàng)。18．下文“Awidernetworkleadstomoreopportunitiesinyourpursuitoffortune.(更廣泛的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)會(huì)在你追求好運(yùn)的過程中帶來更多的機(jī)會(huì))”說明社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)對(duì)追求好運(yùn)的重要性。C選項(xiàng)“Socialconnectionscanaffectyourluck.(社交關(guān)系會(huì)影響你的運(yùn)氣)”引出下文，說明社交關(guān)系對(duì)運(yùn)氣的影響，即更廣泛的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)能帶來更多機(jī)會(huì)。故選C項(xiàng)。19．上文“Evenifyou’renottypicallyseenasbold,youcanstillenhanceyourconfidence.Forexample,ifyou’refeelingunhappyaboutyourcareerprospects,polishyourresumeandapplytojoblistingsthatinterestyou.(即使你通常并不被認(rèn)為是大膽的，你仍然可以增強(qiáng)你的自信心。例如，如果你對(duì)你的職業(yè)前景感到不滿意，那就打磨你的簡(jiǎn)歷，申請(qǐng)你感興趣的工作職位)”建議要大膽行動(dòng)，如打磨簡(jiǎn)歷、申請(qǐng)感興趣的工作。F選項(xiàng)“Makingsuchamoveistoughbutwellworthit.(做出這樣的舉動(dòng)是艱難的，但非常值得)”承接上文，說明大膽行動(dòng)雖然艱難但值得，因?yàn)檫@樣做能創(chuàng)造機(jī)會(huì)讓好運(yùn)找到你。故選F項(xiàng)。20．上文“It’snotjustaboutthemindsetbuttheconsequentactionsthatwillbebeneficial.(這不僅僅是心態(tài)問題，隨之而來的行動(dòng)也將是有益的)”強(qiáng)調(diào)行動(dòng)的重要性。G選項(xiàng)“Theyarevitaltoturningopportunitiesintogains.(它們對(duì)于將機(jī)會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)化為收獲至關(guān)重要)”承接上文，進(jìn)一步說明行動(dòng)對(duì)于將機(jī)會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)化為實(shí)際收獲的重要性，“They”指代上文“theconsequentactions”。故選G項(xiàng)。【答案】21．D22．D23．B24．A25．B26．D27．C28．D29．A30．C31．B32．C33．B34．A35．D【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者曾忽視父親教師職業(yè)，葬禮上父親學(xué)生到來并分享往事，讓作者重新認(rèn)識(shí)父親，不再只將其視為普通教師。【解析】21．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)我來說，我的父親弗蘭克?德里斯科爾只是一名教師，他很少談及自己的工作。我從未過多關(guān)注他的職業(yè)。A.luckily幸運(yùn)地；B.openly公開地；C.often經(jīng)常；D.never從未。由上文“whoseldomspokeofhiswork”可知，父親很少談工作，所以作者從未過多關(guān)注父親的職業(yè)。故選D項(xiàng)。22．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我需要他的時(shí)候，他總是在我身邊，所以像大多數(shù)孩子一樣，我把這當(dāng)作理所當(dāng)然的事。A.busy忙碌的；B.content滿足的；C.silent沉默的；D.present在場(chǎng)的，存在的。由下文“whenIneededhim,solikemostchildren.Itookhimforgranted”可知，作者需要父親時(shí)，他總是在，所以作者才覺得理所當(dāng)然，bepresent“在場(chǎng)”符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：65歲時(shí)，他退休了，雖然我們經(jīng)常談?wù)撐业墓ぷ?，但很少觸及他的教學(xué)科目。A.reflection反射，沉思；B.subject主題，科目；C.nature本質(zhì)，自然；D.capacity能力，容量。由上文“wefrequentlytalkedaboutmyjobwerarelytouchedupon”以及語境可知，作者和父親常談自己的工作，卻很少談及父親教學(xué)科目。故選B項(xiàng)。24．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：甚至在他最后的日子里，我也沒有讓他參與關(guān)于他職業(yè)生涯的談話。A.engage使參與，從事；B.monitor監(jiān)控；C.interrupt打斷；D.avoid避免。由上文“werarelytoucheduponthe3ofhisteaching”可知，作者和父親很少談及父親的教學(xué)工作，所以此處指作者沒有讓父親參與關(guān)于他職業(yè)生涯的談話，engagesb.inconversation“使某人參與談話”，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。25．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在葬禮上，我聽著父親的朋友們分享他們?cè)谝黄鸬臅r(shí)光，以及父親對(duì)他們來說意味著什么。A.promised承諾；B.meant意味著；C.lent借給；D.assigned分配，指派。由上文“myfather’sfriendssharedstoriesabouttheirtimetogether”以及語境可知，此處指父親對(duì)朋友們來說意味著什么。故選B項(xiàng)。26．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我注意到六個(gè)年輕人排隊(duì)在來賓登記簿上簽名。A.mark做記號(hào)；B.check檢查；C.copy復(fù)制；D.sign簽名。由下文“theguestregistry”和語境可知，是在來賓登記簿上簽名。故選D項(xiàng)。27．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：起初，我以為他們不小心走錯(cuò)了葬禮。A.publicly公開地；B.barely幾乎不；C.accidentally偶然地，不小心地；D.specially特別地。根由上文“Initially,Iassumed”及下文“arrivedatthewrongfuneral”可知，作者起初以為他們是不小心走錯(cuò)了葬禮。故選C項(xiàng)。28．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我走近他們，禮貌地解釋說這是弗蘭克?德里斯科爾的守靈儀式。A.warned警告；B.refused拒絕；C.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.approached靠近，走近。由下文“politelyexpl