隧道施工技術盾構法課件

隧道施工技術盾構法TunnelConstructionTechnologyShieldMethod盾構法目錄TableofContentsshieldMethod盾構法施工簡介1BriefIntroductiontoShieldMethod盾構法施工程序2ProceduresofConstructionwithShieldMethod盾構法施工特點3CharacteristicsofConstructionwithShieldMethod課程小結4Summary盾構法施工簡介BriefIntroductiontoShieldMethod01盾構法ShieldMethod暗挖法施工中的一種全機械化施工方法。它是將盾構機械在地中推進，通過盾構外殼和管片支承四周圍巖防止發(fā)生往隧道內的坍塌。Theshieldmethodisafullymechanizedundercuttingmethod.Forthismethod,theshieldmachinetunnelingmachineadvancesinstratum,anditsshieldshellandsegmentshelptosupportthesurroundingrocktopreventtunnelcollapse.盾構法盾構法施工簡介ShieldMethodBriefIntroductiontoShieldMethod刀頭Automaticsegmenterector刀頭旋轉器Cutterrotator管片自動拼裝器Automaticsegmenterector實時回填注漿管Groutingpipeforreal-timebackfilling環(huán)形保持系統Ringretentionsystem控制室Controlroom液壓裝置Hydraulicdevice盾后第一間Firstchamberbehindtheshield管片起重機Segmentcrane管片堆放傳送帶Segmentstackingandconveyingbelt管片供應系統Segmentsupplysystem推進千斤頂Thrustjack微調千斤頂Jackforfineadjustment盾構法ShieldMethodInaddition,infrontoftheexcavationface,thesoilisexcavatedbyacuttingdevice,andtransportedbysoilremovalmachinery.Thejacksareusedforpressurizationandjackingintherear,andatthesametime,precastconcretesegmentsareassembled.Itisamechanizedconstructionmethodusedtoformatunnelstructure.同時在開挖面前方用切削裝置進行土體開挖，通過出土機械運出洞外，靠千斤頂在后部加壓頂進，并拼裝預制混凝土管片，形成隧道結構的一種機械化施工方法。盾構法盾構法施工簡介ShieldMethodBriefIntroductiontoShieldMethod2.隧道要有足夠的埋深，覆土深度宜不小于6m且不小于盾構直徑；3.相對勻質的地質條件；1.線位上允許建造用于盾構進出洞和出碴進料的工作井；2.Thetunnelshallhavesufficientburialdepth,andthedepthofcoveringsoilshallnotbelessthan6mandnotlessthantheTBMdiameter;1.Itisallowedtobuildaworkingshaftonthelineforshieldenteringandleavingthetunnel,andmuckingandfeeding;3.Theconstructionsiteshallhaverelativelyuniformgeologicalconditions;盾構法盾構法施工簡介ShieldMethodBriefIntroductiontoShieldMethod

4.如果是單洞則要有足夠的線間距，洞與洞及洞與其它建（構）筑物之間所夾土（巖）體加固處理的最小厚度為水平方向1.0m，豎直方向1.5m；

4.Ifitisasingle-tubetunnel,thereshallbesufficientdistancebetweencentersoftracks.Theminimumthicknessofthereinforcementtreatmentforsoilorrockmassbetweentunnelsandbetweentunnelsandotherbuildings(structures)shallbe1.0minthehorizontaldirectionand1.5mintheverticaldirection;盾構法盾構法施工簡介ShieldMethodBriefIntroductiontoShieldMethod

5.從經濟角度講，連續(xù)的施工長度不小于300m。

5.Fromtheperspectiveofeconomicbenefits,thecontinuousconstructionlengthshallnotbelessthan300m.盾構法盾構法施工簡介ShieldMethodBriefIntroductiontoShieldMethod

主要適用于淺埋及軟土隧道施工，常用于城市地鐵隧道、海底、江底、湖底隧道及小型管道。Itisapplicabletoshallow-buriedandsoft-soiltunnelconstruction,andalsocommonlyusedintheconstructionofurbanmetrotunnels,subsea,sub-river,under-laketunnelsandsmallpipelines.盾構法ShieldMethod盾構法盾構法施工簡介ShieldMethodBriefIntroductiontoShieldMethod是一種用于軟土隧道暗挖施工、具有金屬外殼、殼內裝有整機及輔助設備，在其掩護下進行土體開挖、土渣排運、推進和管片安裝等作業(yè)，于一體，具有開挖切削土體、輸送集機、電、液、傳感、信息技術土渣、拼裝隧道襯砌、量測導向糾偏等功能。盾構機ShieldMachineisusedforundergroundexcavationofsoft-soiltunnels.Ithasametalshell,inwhichthecompletemachineandauxiliaryequipmentareinstalled.Undercoverofthemetalshell,soilexcavation,muckingandtransportation,advancing,segmentinstallation,andotheroperationsarecarriedout.TheShieldmachineintegratesmechanical,electrical,hydraulic,sensorandinformationtechnologies,andhasthefunctionsofsoilmassexcavationandcutting,mucktransportation,tunnelliningassembly,guidanceanddeviationcorrectionformeasurement,etc.StructuralProfileofshieldmachine1.Cutterheadpanel2.Cutterhead3.Excavationchamber4.Mainbearingshaft5.Thrustcylinder6.Screwconveyor7.Segmenterector8.Segment9.Segmentconveyor盾構法盾構法施工簡介ShieldMethodBriefIntroductiontoShieldMethod盾構法施工程序ProceduresofConstructionwithShieldMethod02人員準備Personnelpreparation測量工作Surveywork施工準備ConstructionPreparati機械Machinery材料Materials人工法技術Constructionmethodandtechnology施工環(huán)境Constructionenvironment盾構法盾構法施工程序ShieldMethodProceduresofConstructionwithShieldMethod工作井現場圖片SitePictureoftheWorkingShaft第二步：建造盾構工作井Step2:Constructionofshieldmachineworkingshaft工作井斷面圖ProfileoftheWorkingShaft盾構法盾構法施工程序ShieldMethodProceduresofConstructionwithShieldMethod①組裝始發(fā)臺、托架①Erectlaunchingplatformandbrackets②組裝臺車、橋架②Assemblejumbosandthecabletray第三步：盾構掘進機安裝Step3:AssemblyofshieldmachineHoistingofshieldmachinesupportframeLaunchingplatformofshieldmachinesupportframe#1jumbo#2jumbo#3jumbo#4jumbo#5jumbo盾構法盾構法施工程序ShieldMethodProceduresofConstructionwithShieldMethod③吊裝螺旋輸送機③Hoistthescrewconveyor④吊裝中盾④Hoistthemiddleshield盾構法盾構法施工程序ShieldMethodProceduresofConstructionwithShieldMethod第三步：盾構掘進機安裝Step3:Assemblyofshieldmachine⑤組裝前盾與中盾⑤Assemblethefrontshieldandmiddleshield盾構法盾構法施工程序ShieldMethodProceduresofConstructionwithShieldMethod第三步：盾構掘進機安裝Step3:Assemblyofshieldmachine⑥組裝刀盤⑥Assemblethecutterhead盾構法盾構法施工程序ShieldMethodProceduresofConstructionwithShieldMethod第三步：盾構掘進機安裝Step3:Assemblyofshieldmachine⑦盾尾安裝⑦Assemblethetailshield盾構法盾構法施工程序ShieldMethodProceduresofConstructionwithShieldMethod第三步：盾構掘進機安裝Step3:Assemblyofshieldmachine注漿加固Groutingreinforcement冷凍法加固Reinforcementbyfreezingmethod第四步：進洞口土體加固Step4:Reinforcementofthesoilmassattheportal盾構法盾構法施工程序ShieldMethodProceduresofConstructionwithShieldMethod第五步：盾構連續(xù)掘進施工Step5:ContinuousshieldmachineTunnelingConstruction掘削、推進①①Excavationandcutting,andadvancing盾構法盾構法施工程序ShieldMethodProceduresofConstructionwithShieldMethod出土②②Transportationofexcavatedsoil混合攪拌葉片Mixingandstirringblade造泥土室Earthmakingchamber切削器Cutter造泥材料注入口Mud-makingmaterialinjectionport螺旋輸送機Screwconveyor泥土Earth土壓力盒Earthpressurecell造泥材料注入管道Mud-makingmaterialinjectionpipeline泥土壓Earthpressure靜止土壓Earthpressureatrest盾構法盾構法施工程序ShieldMethodProceduresofConstructionwithShieldMethod第五步：盾構連續(xù)掘進施工Step5:ContinuousshieldmachineTunnelingConstruction管片拼裝③③Segmentassembly盾構法盾構法施工程序ShieldMethodProceduresofConstructionwithShieldMethod第五步：盾構連續(xù)掘進施工Step5:ContinuousshieldmachineTunnelingConstruction同步注漿與二次注漿④④SynchronousgroutingandsecondarygroutingTailshieldsealTailshieldGroutingpipeGreasepipeTailbrushTailshieldchamberGroutingSegment盾構法盾構法施工程序ShieldMethodProceduresofConstructionwithShieldMethod第五步：盾構連續(xù)掘進施工Step5:ContinuousshieldmachineTunnelingConstruction第六步：盾構進入接收井運出地面Step6:Theshieldmachineentersthereceivingshaftandistransportedtotheground.盾構法盾構法施工程序ShieldMethodProceduresofConstructionwithShieldMethod盾構法施工特點CharacteristicsofConstructionwithShieldMethod03盾構法施工特點CharacteristicsofConstructionwithShieldMethod（1）盾構機械化程度高，對地層適應性好。(1)Theshieldmachinehasahighdegreeofmechanizationandgoodadaptabilitytodifferentstratumconditions.（2）能夠承受圍巖壓力，施工安全。(2)Itcanbearthepressureofsurroundingrock,soconstructionsafetyisensured.（3）適用各種地層。(3)Itisapplicabletoconstructioninvariousstrata.優(yōu)點Advantages盾構法盾構法施工特點ShieldMethodCharacteristicsofConstructionwithShieldMethod盾構法施工特點CharacteristicsofConstructionwithShieldMethod（4）地面作業(yè)少，隱蔽性好，噪聲、震動小。(4)Itrequireslessgroundoperation,withgoodconcealment,lownoiseandvibration.（5）施工費用和技術不受覆土深度影響，可以深埋施工。(5)Theconstructioncostsandtechnologyarenotaffectedbythedepthofcoveringsoil,andshieldmachinecanbeusedfordeep-buriedconstruction;優(yōu)點Advantages盾構法盾構法施工特點ShieldMethodCharacteristicsofConstructionwithShieldMethod（6）穿越河底或海底，不影響通航，也不受氣候影響。(6)Shieldmachinecancrossthebottomoftheriverorseawithoutaffectingnavigation,anditisnotaffectedbytheclimate.（7）穿越地面建筑群和地下管線時，對周圍環(huán)境影響小。(7)Whentheshieldmachinepassesunderneathgroundbuildingsandcrossesundergroundpipelines,ithaslittleimpactonthesurroundingenvironment.盾構法施工特點CharacteristicsofConstructionwithShieldMethod優(yōu)點Advantages盾構法盾構法施工特點ShieldMethodCharacteristicsofConstructionwithShieldMethod（8）主要工序循環(huán)易于管理，施工人員少。(8)It'sconvenienttomanagethemainprocesscycle,andfewerconstructionpersonnelarerequiredtobeon-site.（9）工程造價低。(9)Theprojectcostislow.（10）施工工期短。(10)Theconstructionperiodisshort.盾構法施工特點CharacteristicsofConstructionwithShieldMethod優(yōu)點Advantages盾構法盾構法施工特點ShieldMethodCharacteristicsofConstructionwithShieldMethod缺點Disadvantages（1）斷面尺寸多變的區(qū)段適應能力差。(1)Theshieldmachinehaspooradaptabilitytosectionswithvariablesectionsizes.（2）新型盾構購置費昂貴，對施工區(qū)段短的工程不太經濟。(2)Thenew-typeshieldmachineisexpensive.Fromtheperspectiveofeconomicbenefits,thepurchasecostishighforprojectswithshortconstructionsections.（3）工人的工作環(huán)境差，工作危險系數高。(3)Theworkingenvironmentispoor,andworkersworkwithhighrisks.盾構法施工特點CharacteristicsofConstructionwithShieldMethod盾構法盾構法施工特點ShieldMethodCharacteristicsofConstructionwithShieldMethod課程小結Summary04(1)盾構始發(fā)工作開始時，嚴格按批準的始發(fā)方案進行施工，做到整個工作處于受控狀態(tài)。盾構法施工安全注意事項SafetyPrecautionsforConstructionwithShieldMethod(2)洞門鑿除后，盾構機應加快靠上洞門。(1)Whenthelaunchingworkoftheshieldmachinestarts,theconstructionshallbecarriedoutinstrictaccordancewiththeapprovedlaunchingschemetoensurethatthewholeprocessisundercontrol.(2) Afterthetunnelportalischiseledaway,theshieldmachineshallbeleanedagainstthetunnelportalassoonaspossible.盾構法課程小結ShieldMethodSummary(3)掘進加固土體時，應以磨為主，使加固土得到充分切削。(4)掘進加固土體時，可適當開超挖刀超挖。(3) Whentunnelingiscarriedoutinthereinforcedsoil,grindingshallbethemainmethodtofullycutthereinforcedsoil.(4) Whentunnelingiscarriedoutinthereinforcedsoil,theovercuttercanbeproperlyusedforo