河北省邢臺(tái)市名校協(xié)作體2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月期中英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

2023級(jí)高二下學(xué)期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷試卷滿分：150考試時(shí)間：120分鐘第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)1.WhokeepsHarryPotteratpresent?A.Theman.B.John.C.Mary.2.Howwillthemancelebratehisbirthday?A.Bygoingonapicnic.B.Bywatchingafootballmatch.C.Byinvitinghisworkmatesover.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Lifestyles.B.Anactor.C.Amovie.4.WhatwillJanedo?A.Finishherhomework.B.Gotoaconcert.C.Joinaband.5.Whatdoesthewomanimplyabouttherestaurant?A.Itisverypopular.B.Itiseasytobookatable.C.Itonlyacceptsreservations.選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。6.Howlongdidthefestivallast?A.15days.B.9days.C.8days.第1頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)7.WhatdidSusandoduringthefestival?A.Shesawfilmsfromdifferentcountries.B.Shedidsomevolunteerworkattheaters.C.Sheparticipatedinthefilmingofamovie.8.Whatisthemandoing?A.Preparingforaconference.B.Workingoutaschedule.C.Sharingamarketingplan.9.Whendoesthemanplantogoonholiday?A.Insummer.B.Inautumn.C.Inwinter.10.WhatisJack’sattitudetowardwriting?A.Enjoyable.B.Serious.C.Casual.11.WhendidJackusetobeginwritingasateacher?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.12.WhatdoesJackusuallydofromMondaytoSaturday?A.Hegoesswimming.B.Hegoesforawalk.C.Hegoesrunning.13.WheredoesJackusuallywrite?A.Inhisoffice.B.Inthebedroom.C.Inthesittingroom.14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Schoolmates.15.Whatproblemisthemanfacingnow?A.Howtochoosehismajor.B.Howtolookforajob.C.Howtoapplytoacollege.16.Whatdoesthemanwanttobe?A.Abiologist.B.AnITengineer.C.Adoctor.17.WhatdoesAlicesuggestthemando?第2頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)A.Giveuphisidea.B.Attendsomelectures.C.Haveatalkwithhisfather.18.Whichfieldisvirtualrealitywidelyusedin?A.Education.B.Entertainment.C.Healthcare.19.WhatareXingeYuandhiscolleaguestryingtodo?A.ImprovethetouchofVR.B.Makehearingadvanced.C.BringsmellintoVR.20.Wherecanpeoplelearnmoreaboutthedesign?A.Inajournal.B.Inamovie.C.OnaTVshow.AScienceEventsfromNewScientistSpace,TimeandMotionwithSeanCarrollOnline|October20,2023|18:00–19:00“Where,whenandhow?”aresomeofthemostfundamentalquestionswecanask,andknowledgeofspace,timeandmotionhasbeencentraltothebiggestdiscoveriesinphysics.JoinSeanCarroll,anexpertinphysics,asheexploresdeepquestionsaboutthenatureofspace,timeandmotion,andlaysouttheframeworkofclassicalphysicsfromGalileoandEuclidtoNewtonandEinstein.BigThinkersSeries2023Online|November10,2023The2023BigThinkersseriesfromNewScientisteventsfeatureseightonlinetalksstreamedthroughout2023,coveringawiderangeoftopicsallofwhichwillbebroughttoyoubyworld-classexperts.Ifyouarecuriousaboutyourbrain,yourbody,ourplanetortheuniverse,thenthisseriesisyourplacetohearthelatestresearch.Memory,theBrainandWhoWeAreOnline|November15,2023|18:00–19:00PsychiatristVeronicaO’Keanewilldrawexamplesofthebrokenmemoriesofpsychosis(精神失常)toexplainthecomplexhumanbrainandofferyousomeexpertise(專業(yè)知識(shí)).Howdoourbrainsstoreandthen第3頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)conjureup(浮現(xiàn))pastexperiencestomakeuswhoweare?Aretheresuchthingsas“true”and“false”memories?Theseexampleswillofferanewwayofthinkingaboutourownpersonalexperiences.InstantExpert:UnderstandingYourBrainTheBritishLibrary,London|November19,2023Atthisevent,sixexpertswillguideyouonatourofthemostattractiveobjectintheknownuniverse.Onthewayyou’lllearnhowourbrainslearnlanguages,howtheystorememoriesandwhytheyneedtosleep.HostedbyaNewScientistjournalist,ourone-daymasterclassoffersthechancetolearnallaboutthebraindirectlyfromtheexperts.1.Whicheventfocusesondiscoveriesinphysics?A.BigThinkersSeries2023.B.Memory,theBrainandWhoWeAre.C.InstantExpert:UnderstandingYourBrain.D.Space,TimeandMotionwithSeanCarroll.2Whencanyouattendlecturesgivenbyfirst-rateexperts?A.OnOctober20,2023.B.OnNovember19,2023.C.OnNovember10,2023.D.OnNovember15,2023.3.Whatdothefoureventshaveincommon?A.Theyareheldonline.B.Theyofferexpertguidance.C.Theymainlyfocusonmemory.D.Theyeachlastforonehour.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)科學(xué)活動(dòng)的情況。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Space,TimeandMotionwithSeanCarroll部分中““Where,whenandhow?”aresomeofthemostfundamentalquestionswecanask,andknowledgeofspace,timeandmotionhasbeencentraltothebiggestdiscoveriesinphysics.(“在哪里，什么時(shí)候，如何發(fā)現(xiàn)的？”是我們可以提出的一些最基本的問(wèn)題，而關(guān)于空間、時(shí)間和運(yùn)動(dòng)的知識(shí)一直是物理學(xué)重大發(fā)現(xiàn)的核心)”可知，Space,TimeandMotionwithSeanCarroll活動(dòng)的重點(diǎn)是物理學(xué)的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選D。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BigThinkersSeries2023部分中“The2023BigThinkersseriesfromNewScientisteventsfeatureseightonlinetalksstreamedthroughout2023,coveringawiderangeoftopicsallofwhichwillbebrought第4頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)toyoubyworld-classexperts.(《新科學(xué)家》活動(dòng)的2023年大思想家系列活動(dòng)包括8個(gè)在線講座，貫穿2023年，涵蓋了廣泛的主題，所有這些都將由世界級(jí)專家為您帶來(lái))”可知，你在2023年11月10日能參加一流專家的講座。故選C。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一部分“JoinSeanCarroll,anexpertinphysics,asheexploresdeepquestionsaboutthenatureofspace,timeandmotion,andlaysouttheframeworkofclassicalphysicsfromGalileoandEuclidtoNewtonandEinstein.(加入物理學(xué)專家肖恩·卡羅爾，他探索了關(guān)于空間、時(shí)間和運(yùn)動(dòng)本質(zhì)的深刻問(wèn)題，并展示了從伽利略和歐幾里得到牛頓和愛(ài)因斯坦的經(jīng)典物理學(xué)框架)”；第二部分“The2023BigThinkersseriesfromNewScientisteventsfeatureseightonlinetalksstreamedthroughout2023,coveringawiderangeoftopicsallofwhichwillbebroughttoyoubyworld-classexperts.(《新科學(xué)家》活動(dòng)的2023年大思想家系列活動(dòng)包括8個(gè)在線講座，貫穿2023年，涵蓋了廣泛的主題，所有這些都將由世界級(jí)專家為您帶來(lái))”；第三部分“PsychiatristVeronicaO’Keanewilldrawexamplesofthebrokenmemoriesofpsychosis(精神失常)toexplainthecomplexhumanbrainandofferyousomeexpertise(專業(yè)知識(shí)).(精神病學(xué)家維羅妮卡·奧基恩將以精神病患者的破碎記憶為例來(lái)解釋復(fù)雜的人腦，并為你提供一些專業(yè)知識(shí))”以及最后一部分“HostedbyaNewScientistjournalist,ourone-daymasterclassoffersthechancetolearnallaboutthebraindirectlyfromtheexperts.(由《新科學(xué)家》記者主持，我們?yōu)槠谝惶斓拇髱煱嗵峁┝酥苯訌膶＜夷抢锪私獯竽X的機(jī)會(huì))”可知，這四個(gè)活動(dòng)的共同之處是都提供專家指導(dǎo)。故選B。BStaffattheThaiDynastyrestaurantinSingaporeneverthoughtthey’dreceivesuchahugetipduringtheCOVID-19pandemic(流行病),wheneconomicconditionseemedhard,letaloneoneasbigas$600.Butbelieveitornot,theydid.Whatwasmoresurprising,however,wasthepersonwholeftthatmassivetipforthem.Itwasn’tfromacustomerwhowasfeelingextragenerousthatday.No,itwasJesse,afooddeliveryriderwhocamebytopickupanonlineorder.Beingafamiliarfaceamongthestaffduetofrequentordersfromtherestaurant,thedeliveryriderwantedtoshowhisbestappreciationfortheirhardworkinensuringordersarepreparedontimeeverytimehecomesbytopicksomethingup.Alongwiththetip,healsoleftaheartfeltwrittennote.“Hello!IamwritingtoyouallbecauseIamveryhappywithyourfoodandfriendlycustomerservice,”thenotestarts.“Iwanttosaythatyourfoodisreallydelicious.Youknow,everydaywhenI’mworking,Iseeyouallworkingsohard,whichmakesmefeelproudofyouall.Workingisnoteasy,andIunderstandthatbecauseIam第5頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)alsoworking.Therefore,IwanttothankyouallforthegoodfoodandIwanttohelpyouall.Hereinsideis$600,forallofyou.Shareitamongyourselves.Thankyouonceagain!”SpeakingtoShinMinDaily,ThaiDynastydirectorJasonPaysaidheneverexpectedsuchathingfromadeliveryrider,despiteJessebeingafamiliarface.“Employeesareallowedtokeepthetipsfortheirgoodservice,buttheychosetoreturnit,whichI’mtouchedby,”P(pán)aysaid.Yes,theymanagedtoreturnthesupergeneroustipwhenJesseswungbyafewhourslatertopickupanotherorder.Butseeingthehardworkthatthedeliveryriderhighlightedinhisstaff,Paydecidedtorewardthemthenextdaywithpizzaandotherdishesforlunch.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inthesecondparagraphreferto?A.Thetip.B.Annote.C.Astranger.D.Anorder.5.WhatimpressedJessemostabouttherestaurant?A.Thedeliciousfood.B.Thefamiliarfaces.C.Thegenerouscustomers.D.Thepositiveworkingattitude.6.Whatdidthestaffdotoshowtheirappreciation?A.Theytoldthestorytothenewspaper.B.Theygavebackthetiptothedeliveryrider.C.Theyhelpedthedeliveryridergetmoreorders.D.Theytreatedtheriderwithdeliciouspizzaandotherdishes.7.Whichsayingcandescribethetextbest?A.Experiencemustbebought.B.WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.C.Aheroisknowninthetimeofmisfortune.D.Everyone’slovewillmaketheworldabetterplace.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了在新加坡，一位送餐員給了一家餐廳的員工們一筆高額的小費(fèi)作為對(duì)他們辛勤工作的感謝，而餐廳的員工們將這筆小費(fèi)港還給了同樣辛勤工作的送餐員的故事?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段第一、二句“Whatwasmoresurprising,however,wasthepersonwholeftthatmassivetipforthem.Itwasn’tfromacustomerwhowasfeelingextragenerousthatday.(然而，更令人驚訝的是那個(gè)給他第6頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)們留下巨額小費(fèi)的人。這并不是一位那天感覺(jué)特別慷慨的顧客發(fā)出的。)”可推知，It指代的是上文中提到的“tip”，即小費(fèi)。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Beingafamiliarfaceamongthestaffduetofrequentordersfromtherestaurant,thedeliveryriderwantedtoshowhisbestappreciationfortheirhardworkinensuringordersarepreparedontimeeverytimehecomesbytopicksomethingup.(由于餐廳的訂單頻繁，外賣騎手在工作人員中是一個(gè)熟悉的面孔，每次他來(lái)取東西時(shí)，都想對(duì)他們的辛勤工作表示感謝，以確保訂單按時(shí)準(zhǔn)備好。)”可推知，令Jesse印象最深的是這家餐廳里員工們積極的工作態(tài)度。故選D。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句中的“Employeesareallowedtokeepthetipsfortheirgoodservice,buttheychosetoreturnit,whichI’mtouchedby(員工可以保留小費(fèi)以獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)他們的優(yōu)質(zhì)服務(wù)，但他們選擇退還，這讓我很感動(dòng))”可知，員工們因其良好的服務(wù)而被允許保留小費(fèi)，但他們選擇退還小費(fèi)。由此可知，員工們通過(guò)將小費(fèi)還給了送餐員來(lái)表示他們的感激。故選B。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知,文章主要講述了在新加坡,一位送餐員在經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況困難的新型冠狀病毒疫情期間給了一家餐廳的員工們一筆高額的小費(fèi)作為對(duì)他們辛勤工作的感謝,而餐廳的員工們將這筆小費(fèi)退還給了同樣辛勤工作的送餐員的故事。D項(xiàng)“只要人人都獻(xiàn)出一點(diǎn)愛(ài)，世界會(huì)變得更加美好”符合本文主旨。故選D。CInvalleyswiththickplants,different-sizedroundandsquarebuildingswithfadedyellowclaywallsandwoodenroofs,tuloulieinmountainousvillagesinLongyan,FujianProvince.Therearemorethan23,000tulouinYongding,whichbecamewell-knownafter46weregivenWorldHeritagestatusbyUNESCOin2008.“Thestructureswereawardedbecausetheyareexceptionalexamplesofabuildingoftraditionandfunctiondemonstratingaparticulartypeofcommunal(共有的)livinganddefensiveorganization,and,intermsoftheirharmoniousrelationshipwiththeirenvironment,anoutstandingexampleofhumansettlement,”UNESCOsaid.Thegiantmulti-storiedtulouwerebuiltwithwoodandmudwalls.Constructedfromthe15thto20thcenturies,thesemassivecommunalhomesweresitedbasedonfengshuiprinciples,whichclaimtouseenergyforcestoharmonizeindividualswiththeirenvironment.Tulouarealsopurposefullyrestingamidtea,tobacco,riceplantationsandabundantforestsofpineandbamboo.Throughouthistory,tulouresidentshavemostlybeenHakka—migrantsinsouthernChina.Population第7頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)pressurescreatedconflictbetweentheHakkaandtheirneighbors,sotheybuilttheirhomestodoubleasdefending.Thebuildingsaremainlyfourorfivestorieshigh.Thefirstfloorservesasthekitchen,thesecondisusedforgrainstorageandtheupperfloorsactaslivingareas.Thestructuresaremainlysymmetrical(對(duì)稱的),andtheirdefensivefeaturesincludeironcladgates,escapetunnels,narrowopeningsforweaponsunderthedark-tiledroofs,andawaterwell.Fortheirdefensivefunction,onlyroomsonthethirdfloorandhigherhavewindows,whichareverysmall.Withsufficientfood,theresidentscouldsurviveintheeventofalengthyconflict.Communallivingisintegritytothesevillages,wheretheclosedwalldesignboostssocialinteraction.Residentsgatherinthecourtyardforceremoniessuchasancestorworshipandweddings.Tulouissuchanextraordinarypieceofarchitecture,livinguptothetitlegivenbyUNESCO.8.Whatdoweknowabouttulou?A.Over23,000tulouweregivenWorldHeritagestatus.B.Among23,000tulou,only46becamefamousglobally.C.TulouisthemostoutstandingChinesehumansettlement.D.They’reexceptionalbuildingsoftraditionandfunction.9Whatismostimportantforresidentsduringalongperiodofconflict?A.Enoughfood.B.Escapetunnels.C.Smallwindows.D.Defensiveweapons.10.Whatisprobablytheauthor’sattitudetotheprotectionoftulou?A.Unconcerned.B.Favorable.C.Negative.D.Unclear.11.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Tulou:GiventheWorldHeritageStatusbyUNESCOin2008B.Tulou:aSpecialChineseStructureCombiningLivingandDefendingC.Tulou:Different-SizedRoundandSquareBuildingsD.Tulou:inHarmonywithTheirEnvironments【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)的土樓建筑，介紹了其建造特點(diǎn)、功能等。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中““Thestructureswereawardedbecausetheyareexceptionalexamplesofabuilding第8頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)oftraditionandfunctiondemonstratingaparticulartypeofcommunal(共有的)livinganddefensiveorganization,and,intermsoftheirharmoniousrelationshipwiththeirenvironment,anoutstandingexampleofhumansettlement,”UNESCOsaid.(聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織表示：“這些建筑之所以獲獎(jiǎng)，是因?yàn)樗鼈兪莻鹘y(tǒng)和功能建筑的杰出典范，展示了一種特殊類型的社區(qū)生活和防御組織，而且就其與環(huán)境的和諧關(guān)系而言，它們是人類住區(qū)的杰出典范?！?”可知，土樓是傳統(tǒng)和功能建筑的杰出典范。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Withsufficientfood,theresidentscouldsurviveintheeventofalengthyconflict.(有了充足食物，居民可以在發(fā)生長(zhǎng)期沖突時(shí)生存下來(lái))”可知，在長(zhǎng)期的沖突中，居民最重要的是足夠的食物。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Tulouissuchanextraordinarypieceofarchitecture,livinguptothetitlegivenbyUNESCO.(土樓是一座非凡的建筑，不負(fù)聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織授予的稱號(hào))”可推知，作者對(duì)土樓保護(hù)的態(tài)度是支持的。故選B。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中““Thestructureswereawardedbecausetheyareexceptionalexamplesofabuildingoftraditionandfunctiondemonstratingaparticulartypeofcommunal(共有的)livinganddefensiveorganization,and,intermsoftheirharmoniousrelationshipwiththeirenvironment,anoutstandingexampleofhumansettlement,”UNESCOsaid.(聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織表示：“這些建筑之所以獲獎(jiǎng)，是因?yàn)樗鼈兪莻鹘y(tǒng)和功能建筑的杰出典范，展示了一種特殊類型的社區(qū)生活和防御組織，而且就其與環(huán)境的和諧關(guān)系而言，它們是人類住區(qū)的杰出典范?！?”以及全文可知，本文主要介紹了中國(guó)的土樓建筑，介紹了其建造特點(diǎn)、功能等。由此可知，“土樓：中國(guó)特色的居住與防御相結(jié)合的建筑”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。DVirtuallyalllivingthingshavesomewayofgettingfromheretothere.Animalsmaywalk,swim,orfly.Plantsandtheirseedsdrift(飄)onwindorwaterorarecarriedbyanimals.Therefore,itisreasonabletoexpectthat,intime,allspeciesmightspreadtoeveryplaceonEarthwherefavorableconditionsoccur.Indeed,therearesomecosmopolitanspecies.Agoodexampleisthehousefly,foundalmosteverywhereonEarth.However,suchbroaddistribution(分布)istherareexception.Justaswirefencespreventcattlefromleavingtheirgrassland,biologicalbarrierspreventthespreadofmanyspecies.Whatformsbarriersdependsonthespeciesanditsmethodofspread.Somearephysicalbarriers,likewatersormountainsforthelandanimals,andstrongcurrentsforaquatic(水生)creatures.Somebarriersinvolve第9頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)competitionwithotherspecies.Mostplacesthataresuitableforthegrowthofanewcomer,sayadandelionseedling(蒲公英幼苗),arealreadyoccupiedbyothertypesofplantsthatarewelladaptedtothearea.Facingsuchfiercecompetition,thechancesofsurvivalfortheimmigrantareslim.Therearealsosometypesofnaturalpathwaysthroughwhichorganismscanovercomebarriers.Onetypeiscalledacorridor.Itconsistsofasingletypeofhabitatthatpassesthroughvariousothertypesofhabitat.NorthAmerica’sRockyMountainsisanexample.Varioustypesoftrees,suchastheEngelmannspruce,canbefoundnotonlyatthenorthernendofthecorridorinAlaskabutalsoathigheraltitudealongtheentirelengthofthiscorridor.Anothertypeofnaturalpathwayisknownasafilterroute.Itconsistsofaseriesofhabitatsthataredifferentfromoneanotherbutaresimilarenoughtopermitorganismstograduallyadapttonewconditionsastheyspreadfromhabitattohabitat.Thegreatestdifferencebetweenacorridorandafilterrouteisthatacorridorconsistsofonetypeofhabitat,whileafilterconsistsofseveralsimilartypes.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cosmopolitan”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Worldwide.B.Ordinary.C.Famous.D.Ancient.13.Howdoestheauthorexplainbiologicalbarriersinparagraph1?A.Byprovidingexamplesofthem.B.Bydescribingtheformingprocessofthem.C.Bycomparingthemwithafamiliarman-madebarrier.D.Byexplaininghowhouseflieshavebeenaffectedbythem.14.Whatlimitsthechancesofsurvivalfordandelionseedlings?A.Thedangerofstrongwinds.B.Thelackofasuitablehabitat.C.Inadaptationtothenewareas.D.Competitionwithnativespecies.15.Whatistheessentialdifferencebetweenacorridorandafilterroute?A.Thenumberofhabitatcategories.B.Thespeedtoadapttonewconditions.C.Thedistancefromoneendtotheother.D.Thespeciesspreadthroughtheroutes.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹的是動(dòng)植物傳播的不同屏障和通道，涉及較多實(shí)例和概念比較?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后句“Agoodexampleisthehousefly,foundalmosteverywhereonEarth.(家蠅就是一個(gè)很好的例子，地球上幾乎到處都有家蠅。)”可知，有一些物種是廣布普遍的。所以劃線詞cosmopolitan第10頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)為“廣布普遍的”，與worldwide意思相近。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段尾句“Justaswirefencespreventcattlefromleavingtheirgrassland,biologicalbarrierspreventthespreadofmanyspecies.(就像鐵絲柵欄阻止牛群離開(kāi)草原一樣，生物屏障也阻止了許多物種的傳播)”可知，作者將生物屏障與鐵柵欄做類比。故選C。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Mostplacesthataresuitableforthegrowthofanewcomer,sayadandelionseedling(蒲公英幼苗),arealreadyoccupiedbyothertypesofplantsthatarewelladaptedtothearea.Facingsuchfiercecompetition,thechancesofsurvivalfortheimmigrantareslim.(大多數(shù)適合新植物生長(zhǎng)的地方，比如蒲公英幼苗，已經(jīng)被其他類型的植物占據(jù)了，這些植物很好地適應(yīng)了該地區(qū)。面對(duì)如此激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，移民生存的機(jī)會(huì)渺茫。)”可知，大多數(shù)適宜蒲公英生長(zhǎng)的地方已經(jīng)被其他物種占據(jù)，因此有激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，這使得新物種存活幾率有限。故選D。【15題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句話“Thegreatestdifferencebetweenacorridorandafilterrouteisthatacorridorconsistsofonetypeofhabitat,whileafilterconsistsofseveralsimilartypes.(通道和過(guò)濾路線的最大區(qū)別在于，通道由一種棲息地組成，而過(guò)濾路線由幾種相似的棲息地組成)”可知，通道和過(guò)濾路線的本質(zhì)區(qū)別在于通道只有一種棲息地類型，而過(guò)濾路線可能由幾種相近的棲息地類型組成，即棲息地的數(shù)量分類。故選A。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)TalkingwithyourdoctorTalkingfreelywithyourdoctorcanmakeyoufeelbetterandgivesyourdoctortheinformationsheorheneedstogiveyouthebestcare.Don'tbeafraidorembarrassedtodiscusssomethingthatisbotheringyou.____16____●Staypositive.Gotoyourdoctor'svisitswithagoodattitude.____17____Thinkteamwork!Thinkpositive!●Keeptrackofhowyouarefeeling.____18____Thiswillmakeiteasierforyoutoanswerquestionsaboutyoursymptoms（癥狀）andhowmedicinesmakeyoufeel.Italsomakesiteasierforyoutobringupanythingthatyouareworriedabout.Makesuretobehonestabouthowyoufeelandhowlongyou'vefeltthatway.●____19____Yourmedicalhistoryisalistofyourillnesses,treatments,whatthedoctorstoldyoutodo,andanythingelse第11頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)youthinkyourdoctorshouldknow.Also,ifyouareallergic（過(guò)敏）toanymedicines,besuretomentionthattoyourdoctor.●Askquestions.Donotbeafraidtoaskyourdoctoranyquestionsyouhave.Torememberallthequestionsyouhavewhenyouarenotinthedoctor'soffice,writethemdownandbringthelistwithyoutoyourappointment.____20____Remember—there'snosuchthingasastupidquestion.Ifyoudon'tunderstandtheanswertoaquestion,askthedoctortoexplainitagainuntilyoudounderstand.A.Thiswillmakegettinganswerseasier.B.Herearesometipsfortalkingwithyourdoctor.C.Youcantalktoanotherdoctorifthetreatmentsdon'twork.D.Beforeyourdoctor'svisit,keepnotesonhowyouarefeeling.E.Remember,yourdoctorandothercaregiversareonyourside.F.Bringyourmedicalhistory,includingalistofyourcurrentmedicines.G.Writingdownwhatthedoctorsayswillhelpyourememberimportantinformation.【答案】16.B17.E18.D19.F20.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章講述了與醫(yī)生談話的幾個(gè)小建議。【16題詳解】根據(jù)文章第一段“Talkingfreelywithyourdoctorcanmakeyoufeelbetterandgivesyourdoctortheinformationsheorheneedstogiveyouthebestcare.Don'tbeafraidorembarrassedtodiscusssomethingthatisbotheringyou.”可知，與你的醫(yī)生暢所欲言可以讓你感覺(jué)好些，并向你的醫(yī)生提供她或他需要的信息，以便為你提供最好的護(hù)理。不要害怕或?qū)擂蔚赜懻摾_你的事情。再結(jié)合下文為幾條具體的建議，所以B項(xiàng)：Herearesometipsfortalkingwithyourdoctor.（這里有一些與你的醫(yī)生交談的小建議。）符合題意，為順承關(guān)系，故選B。【17題詳解】根據(jù)文章第二段“teamwork!”意為團(tuán)隊(duì)可知，E項(xiàng)：Remember,yourdoctorandothercaregiversareonyourside.（記住，你的醫(yī)生和其他護(hù)理人員都站在你這邊。）與此呼應(yīng)，故選E。【18題詳解】根據(jù)文章“Thiswillmakeiteasierforyoutoanswerquestionsaboutyoursymptoms（癥狀）andhowmedicinesmakeyoufeel.Italsomakesiteasierforyoutobringupanythingthatyouareworriedabout.Makesuretobehonestabouthowyoufeelandhowlongyou'vefeltthatway.”可知，這將使你更容易回答關(guān)于你的癥狀和藥物第12頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)讓你感覺(jué)如何的問(wèn)題。這也讓你更容易提出你擔(dān)心的任何事情。一定要誠(chéng)實(shí)地說(shuō)出你的感受，以及你這種感覺(jué)持續(xù)了多久。由此可知，這都是在講感受，故D項(xiàng)：Beforeyourdoctor'svisit,keepnotesonhowyouarefeeling.（在你的醫(yī)生來(lái)之前，記下你的感受。）與之呼應(yīng)，故選D。【19題詳解】根據(jù)文章“Yourmedicalhistoryisalistofyourillnesses,treatments,whatthedoctorstoldyoutodo,andanythingelseyouthinkyourdoctorshouldknow.Also,ifyouareallergic（過(guò)敏）toanymedicines,besuretomentionthattoyourdoctor.”可知，你的病史是你的疾病，治療，醫(yī)生告訴你做什么，以及你認(rèn)為你的醫(yī)生應(yīng)該知道的任何事情的清單。如果你有過(guò)敏的話，你也要提一下。因此可知看出，這是關(guān)于病史和清單的，故F項(xiàng)：Bringyourmedicalhistory,includingalistofyourcurrentmedicines.（帶上你的病史，包括你目前的【20題詳解】根據(jù)文章“Donotbeafraidtoaskyourdoctoranyquestionsyouhave.Torememberallthequestionsyouhavewhenyouarenotinthedoctor'soffice,writethemdownandbringthelistwithyoutoyourappointment.”可知，不要害怕問(wèn)你的醫(yī)生你有的任何問(wèn)題。當(dāng)你不在醫(yī)生辦公室時(shí)，為了記住你的所有問(wèn)題，把它們寫(xiě)下來(lái)，并帶著清單去你的預(yù)約。以及“Remember—there'snosuchthingasastupidquestion.Ifyoudon'tunderstandtheanswertoaquestion,askthedoctortoexplainitagainuntilyoudounderstand.”可知，記住，沒(méi)有什么愚蠢的問(wèn)題。如果你不明白問(wèn)題的答案，請(qǐng)醫(yī)生再解釋一遍，直到你明白為止。因此中間缺少過(guò)渡句，故A項(xiàng)：Thiswillmakegettinganswerseasier.（這將使獲得答案更容易。）正好可以連接兩句，故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）IwasoncetroubledbyscarsButnowIfinditfunnywhenpeopleare____21____ofthescarstheyhaveontheirbodies.Tome,scarsshinealightonwhoaperson____22____is.Iwasbornintheyear2000.TendaysafterIwasborn,Ihadmyfirstsurgery,____23____myfirstofmanyscars.Iconsidermyselftobequitedifferentbecausemy____24____arerareandveryfewpeoplehavethesamescarasIdo.It's____25____,likeme.Then,afterseveralmoremonthsofgoinginandoutofthehospitalIreceivedmybiggestandmost____26____scarfromasix-houropen-heartsurgery.Thisone____27____allthewayverticallydownmychest.____28____,theheartisasymboloflove,soIseethisscarasrepresentativeofmy____29____toloveandmyperseverance.Today,Iamcompletelyhealthy.____30____Istillgotothehospitalforyearlycheck-ups,myheartconditiondoesnothinder(阻礙)myabilitiesinanyway.Ifitweren'tformy____31____,nobodywouldknowI第13頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)amanydifferentfromthenextperson.Thethingis,I____32____myscars.Iwearthemasbadgesofcourageandsurvival.Ioften____33____whytheywouldwanttohidetheirbeststories.Idon'tknowwhytheycalltheirsurvivalan____34____.Ifyouhaveascar,bigorsmall,be____35____.It'spartofwhoyouare.21.A.emotiveB.consciousC.ashamedD.independent22.A.constantlyB.naturallyC.suddenlyD.truly23.A.removingB.gainingC.analyzingD.seizing24.A.inferencesB.emotionsC.conditionsD.divisions25.A.shallowB.uniqueC.protectiveD.intense26A.meaningfulB.mysteriousC.tolerableD.cruel27.A.runsB.disappearsC.leadsD.moves28.A.LiterallyB.EventuallyC.TypicallyD.Alternatively29.A.abilityB.dreamC.applicationD.plan30.A.WhenB.AsC.BecauseD.Although31A.accidentsB.wishC.scarsD.nerves32.A.loveB.forgetC.avoidD.cure33.A.repairB.wonderC.describeD.inform34.A.advantageB.absenceC.innovationD.imperfection35.A.guiltyB.awareC.enviousD.proud【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.C25.B26.A27.A28.C29.A30.D31.C32.A33.B34.D35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過(guò)講述自己的經(jīng)歷和感受，表達(dá)了對(duì)傷疤的態(tài)度和看法。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但現(xiàn)在我發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)人們?yōu)樽约荷砩系膫谈械叫邜u時(shí)，這很可笑。A.emotive情緒的；B.conscious有意識(shí)的；C.ashamed羞愧的；D.independent依賴的。根據(jù)下文“theyhaveontheirbodies.”可知，此處表示人對(duì)于自己身上的傷疤感到羞恥。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，傷疤照亮了一個(gè)人的真面目。A.constantly立即地；B.naturally自然第14頁(yè)/共22頁(yè)地；C.suddenly突然地；D.truly真正地。根據(jù)下文“It'spartofwhoyouare.”可知，一個(gè)人身上的傷疤能真正顯示一個(gè)怎樣的人。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞