全優(yōu)課堂 英語 高考總復習 課件UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION

必修

第三冊UNIT4

SPACEEXPLORATION(本欄目對應學生用書P120)目錄1每日早晚必背2課前語基夯實3考點多維突破4能力優(yōu)化集訓5課時作業(yè)★每日早晚必背假定你是李華，最近你班舉行了一次班會，其主題是“太空探索的意義”。請你用英語給校報寫一篇短文，客觀地介紹討論的具體情況并表達自己的觀點。內容包括：

1.贊同者：（1）獲得新知識；（2）從太空獲得新資源；（3）發(fā)現適合人類居住的新地方。

2.反對者：（1）耗資巨大；（2）宇航員的安全問題。

3.自己的觀點注意：1.詞數80左右；2.可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。【佳文背誦】DearEditor，

Wehad

a

discussionoverwhetherit’snecessarytocarry

outtheouterspaceexplorationataclassmeetingtheotherday.Someofusthinkitimportanttoexploretheouterspace.First，peoplecanget

a

better

understanding

oftheouterspacethroughexploration.Second，newresourcescanbefoundinspaceforhumanstouseanditwilldiscovernewlivingplacessuitableforhumantoliveon. However，othersdon’tbelieveso.Intheiropinion，notonlydoesthiskindofexplorationcosttoomuchmoneybutit’salsoverydangerousforastronautstodosuchwork.

Inmyopinion，suchexplorationsintotheouterspaceareworthwhile.Yours，LiHua【詞匯積累】haveadiscussion討論carryout開展getabetterunderstandingof更好地了解worthwhileadj.值得做的【句式仿寫】1.他們想知道是否能提前完成這個項目。（whether引導的賓語從句）Theywantedtoknow

aheadoftime.

2.我們都認為有必要舉行一個聚會來慶祝這個節(jié)日。（it作形式賓語）Weall

forustohaveapartytocelebratethefestival.

whethertheycouldcompletetheprojectthinkitnecessary?高頻重點詞匯◎核心詞匯

會運用1.

n.程序；步驟；手續(xù)

2.

adj.有智慧的；聰明的；有智力的

3.

vt.&vi.標志著；標明；發(fā)信號

n.信號；標志4.

adv.否則；要不然

5.

prep.在更遠處；超出

★課前語基夯實procedureintelligentsignalotherwisebeyond6.

n.資源；財力；物力

7.

vt.&n.發(fā)射；發(fā)起；上市

8.

vt.回收利用；再利用

9.

n.設施；設備

10.

n.模式；圖案；模范

11.

n.（環(huán)繞地球、太陽等運行的）軌道；勢力范圍

vt.&vi.沿軌道運行；環(huán)繞……運行resourcelaunchrecyclefacility

patternorbit12.

n.監(jiān)視器；監(jiān)測儀

vt.監(jiān)視；監(jiān)測；監(jiān)控13.

adj.膚淺的；淺的

monitorshallow【語境活用】根據漢語提示完成句子1.Ithaspassedthroughaninteresting

（步驟）ofevolution.

2.Astheyworriedaboutthesafetyoftheirhomes，morepeopleequippedtheirhomeswith

（監(jiān)視器）.

3.Manycitieswithbansstillallowshopperstopurchasepaperbags，whichareeasily

（回收利用）butrequiremoreenergytoproduceandtransport.

proceduremonitorsrecycled4.Thepolicehave

（發(fā)起）manycampaignstoreduceroadaccidentssincelastmonth.

5.He

（發(fā)信號）wildlyforhelp，butunluckily，nobodynoticed.

6.TheygottwofreeticketsforCanadaluckily，

（否則）they’dneverhaveaffordedtogo.

7.Ourprobeshave

（環(huán)繞……運行）theplanet，sendingbackvaluabledataandstunningimages.

launchedsignalledotherwiseorbited◎拓展詞匯

能提升1.

adj.精神的；思想的→

adv.精神上；智力上；心理上

2.

adj.有限的→

v.限制→

n.限制；限度；極限

3.

n.宇宙；天地萬物→

adj.全世界的；普遍的→

adv.普遍地；全體地

4.

vt.查明；確定；決定→

adj.有決心的；意志堅定的→

n.堅定；決心

mentalmentallylimitedlimitlimitationuniverseuniversaluniversallydeterminedetermineddetermination5.

adj.足夠的；充足的→

n.足夠；充足

6.

n.地球；世界；地球儀→

adj.全球的；全面的；整體的

7.

adj.定期的；經常的；正常的→

adv.經常；定期地

8.

adj.失望的；沮喪的→

vt.使失望→

adj.令人失望的；令人沮喪的→

n.失望；沮喪

9.

n.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望→

adj.理想的；值得做的

sufficientsufficiencyglobeglobalregularregularlydisappointeddisappointdisappointingdisappointmentdesiredesirable10.______________vt.&vi.論證；爭辯；爭論→______________n.爭論；爭吵；論點→____________adj.可辯論的；可論證的；無把握的；有疑問的11.

vt.系；綁；貼→

n.喜愛；愛慕；信仰；忠誠；附件；連接（物）→

adj.附加的；附屬的；依戀的

12.

n.缺乏；短缺vt.沒有；缺乏→

adj.不足的；缺少的；沒有的；欠缺的

argueargumentarguableattachattachmentattachedlacklacking【語境活用】使用所給單詞的適當形式填空1.Theracewasofgreatbenefittotheparticipants，physicallyand

（mental）.

2.Feelingmotivated，Istartedrunning

（regular），butthentwothingshappened.

3.Sheisa

girl，soweknowthatonceshehas

todosomething，shewillachievehergoalwithgreat

.（determine）

mentallyregularlydetermineddetermineddetermination4.Tomyparents’

，my

mathgradegreatly

myparents，andtheir

lookurgedmetostudyharderthen.（disappoint）

5.Therewasaheated

aboutwhetherhewassuitablefortheposition，andmostofthepeople

forhim.（argue）

6.Beforesendingyouremail，don’tforgettocheckthatyour

isactually

totheemail.（attach）

determinationdisappointingdisappointeddisappointedargumentarguedattachmentattached?高頻短語串記※單元短語再現【語境活用】選用所給短語的適當形式填空1.Afleetofover200shipsnavigatedtheblueseas，withalmost28，000people

，whichwasasplendidscene.

carryon；runout；resultin；soasto；provide…for；figureout；onboard；inthehopeofonboard2.Theyhavealsodevelopedanonlinetest

findingmoresufferers.

3.LikeZhang，theypresenttheirideas

gettinginvestmentandadvice，andtheyhavethesamepassionanddevotion.

4.Thecharityaimsto

assistance

peoplewhoarelivingapoorlifeinmountainousvillages.

5.WhenSaturdayfinallyarrived，Kevinstillhadn’t__________________

whathewasgoingtodo.

inthehopeofsoastoprovideforfiguredout6.Lookingback，itwasmychildhoodloveoffantasycartoonsthat

abroaderinterestinscience.

7.Ihavelearntthattheproblemofairpollutionisuniversalandthatwewerelikelyto

ofsomenaturalresources.

8.HerbraveryhasgivenRobertthewillto

withhislifeandhiswork.

resultedin

runoutcarryon?重點句型仿寫1.動詞的-ed形式（短語）作定語/狀語ThenShenzhou6and7completedasecondmannedorbitandthefirstChinesespacewalk，

followedbythevehicleJadeRabbitbeingsenttothemoontostudyitssurface.

此后，神舟六號和七號分別完成了第二次載人環(huán)繞地球飛行以及中國人的第一次太空行走，緊接著月球探測車“玉兔”也被發(fā)射到月球去研究其表面。［仿寫］Theprofessorcamein，closely_____________________________

（緊跟著一組學生）.

followedbyagroupofstudents2.倍數表達法OlympusMons，thelargestvolcanoonMars，isabouttwiceashighasMountQomolangma.

奧林帕斯山是火星上最大的火山，大約是珠穆朗瑪峰的兩倍高。［仿寫］Generallyspeaking，theplaneflew_________________________

（和……的十倍一樣高）thekite.

tentimesashighas3.動詞的-ing形式（短語）作狀語Overeightyearslater，on20July1969，AmericanastronautNeilArmstrongsteppedontothemoon，

famouslysaying，

“That’sonesmallstepfor［a］man，onegiantleapformankind.”

八年后的1969年7月20日，美國宇航員尼爾·阿姆斯特朗登上了月球，并有一句名言：“對于一個人來說，這只是一小步，但是對人類來說，這卻是巨大的一步。”［仿寫］

（聽到這個好消息時），Maryandhersisterjumpedwithjoy.

Hearingthegoodnews?詞匯精磨1.desire

n.渴望；欲望

vt.渴望；期望【探究歸納】★考點多維突破【典例示范】Oursocialinstinctsincludetheintensedesiretobelong.我們的社會本能包括對歸屬的強烈渴望?！炯磳W即練】單句語法填空/完成句子（1）TheexampleofGalileotellsusthatgreatnesscomesfromalastingdesire

（explore）.

toexplore（2）Wedesirethatimmediatehelp

（give）tothelocalvillagerswhohavebeentrappedbytheflood.

（3）Weallsharedacommondesire

pleasure，connection，andsomethingthatwasgreaterthanus.

（4）聽到這個消息時，我們非常興奮，忍不住想參與其中。Onhearingthenews，wewereextremelyexcitedandcouldn’tresist

it.

（should）begivenforthedesiretotakepartin/beinvolvedin2.signal

n.信號；標志

v.發(fā)信號；標志著；

標明

【探究歸納】【典例示范】Assoonashesatdownatthetable，hesignalledtothewaitertobringthemenu.他一坐到桌邊，就示意服務員拿菜單來。【即學即練】單句語法填空/完成句子（1）Inonecase，amotherpresentsherfoottohercryingbaby，

（signal）：

“Climbonme.”

signalling（2）Thechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarning

（signal）thatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.

（3）Thepolice

（signal）tothedrivertostophiscarbyraisinghishand.

（4）正月十五是元宵節(jié)，標志著春節(jié)慶祝活動的結束。TheLanternFestivalfallsonthefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth，

.（動詞的-ing形式短語作狀語）

signalssignalled

signallingtheendoftheSpringFestivalcelebrations3.lack

vt.沒有；缺乏

n.缺乏；短缺【探究歸納】【典例示范】Althoughsheisrichinknowledge，sheis

lacking

inpracticalexperience.她雖然知識豐富，但缺乏實踐經驗。Healthproblemsarecloselyconnectedwithbadeatinghabitsanda

lack

ofexercise.健康問題與不良的飲食習慣和缺乏鍛煉密切相關。【即學即練】單句語法填空/一句多譯（1）Lack

talentandtimeisnoreasonfortakingnoaction.

（2）Though

（lack）money，hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtoauniversity.

（3）Later，heworkedinAfrica，wheremanypeoplesufferedfromblindness

lackofpropertreatment.

oflackingfor（4）由于缺乏足夠的訓練，我們很難在即將到來的比賽中取勝。

enoughtraining，wewillhavegreattroubleinwinningthecomingmatch（clackn.）

→

，wewillhavegreattroubleinwinningthecomingmatch.（動詞的-ing形式短語作狀語）

ForlackofLackingenoughtraining4.otherwise

adv.否則；要不然【探究歸納】【典例示范】Wedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber；

otherwisewewouldhavetelephonedhim.我們不知道他的電話號碼，否則我們就給他打電話了?！炯磳W即練】猜測黑體詞語的含義（1）Theworkerswerenotbetterorganised.Otherwisetheywouldhaveaccomplishedthetaskinhalfthetime.

否則（2）Myparentslentmealotofmoney.Otherwise，Icouldn’thaveaffordedthetrip.

（3）Therewassomemusicplayingupstairs.Otherwisethehousewassilent.

（4）Itisnotpermittedtosellorotherwisedistributecopiesofpastexaminationpapers.

否則；不然除此以外其他方面5.argue

vt.&

vi.論證；爭辯；爭論【探究歸納】【典例示范】Becausearguingangrilyleadstochaos，itwasstronglydiscouraged.因為憤怒的爭吵會導致混亂，所以被強烈反對?！炯磳W即練】單句語法填空/完成句子（1）Whenthishappens，theimportantthingistotrynottoletacalmdiscussionturnintoaheated

（argue）.

argument（2）Thecrowdcontinuedtoargueheatedly

thebestwaytotackletheproblem.

（3）Theyarguehim

takingexerciseonaregularbasis.

（4）我們想方設法地勸說他接受我們的建議，但都是徒勞。Wetriedmanyways

，butinvain.（argue）

about/overintotoarguehimintofollowingouradvice6.attach

vt.系；貼；綁【探究歸納】【典例示范】Weshouldattach

importance

tochildren’smentalhealth.我們應該重視兒童的心理健康。Forfurtherinformation，pleasecontactusontheattachedform.如需要更多信息，請憑附表聯(lián)系我們。【即學即練】單句語法填空/完成句子（1）Thishospital

（attach）tothemedicalcollegenearbywasdestroyedintheflood.

attached（2）WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks，thesethreeweregiventomeasgifts，whichmightaddtothemeaningIattach

them.

（3）Whydidyouattach

（you）toonlyoneclubwhenyouwanttolearnmoreskills？

（4）這家醫(yī)院隸屬于一所大學。政府對此非常重視。Thishospital

auniversityandthegovernment

it.

toyourselfisattachedtoattachesimportanceto7.result

in導致；造成【探究歸納】【典例示范】Thedelayintheprojectresult

fromthelackoffunding.項目的延遲是由于缺乏資金引起的。As

a

result

ofthewar，morepeopleweretravellingandmovingperhapsthaneverbeforeinhistory.戰(zhàn)爭的結果是，比歷史上任何時候都要多的人在行進、遷徙。【即學即練】單句語法填空（1）Asisknowntous，positivethinkingandactionresult____________

success.

（2）AsfarasI’mconcerned，hisfailureinthecompetitionresulted

hiscasualattitude.

（3）Wehadtoputoffthesportsmeetingasaresult

theheavyrain.

infromof8.run

out

用完；耗盡【探究歸納】【典例示范】Thesenewtypesofenergycostverylittleandwillneverrun

out.這些新能源成本非常低，而且永遠用不盡?！炯磳W即練】單句語法填空/一句多譯（1）Itwasalittleblackdoganditdidn’trun

me.

after（2）Lostinthought，healmostran

thecarinfrontofhim.

（3）Iran

oneofmyoldfriendswhenIwaswalkinginthestreettheotherday.

（4）他的食物很快就吃完了?！鶫e

hisfoodsoon.

→Hisfood

soon.

intoacrossranoutofranout?句型透視1.（教材P40）Overeightyearslater，on20July1969，AmericanastronautNeilArmstrongsteppedontothemoon，

famously

saying，

“That’sonesmallstepfor［a］man，onegiantleapformankind.”

八年后的1969年7月20日，美國宇航員尼爾·阿姆斯特朗登上了月球，并有一句名言：“對于一個人來說，這只是一小步；但是對人類來說，這卻是巨大的一步。”【句式提煉】本句中的“famouslysaying…”為動詞的-ing形式（短語）作狀語。【歸納拓展】語法現象動詞的-ing形式（短語）作伴隨狀語結構特點動詞的-ing形式（短語）與邏輯主語即句子的主語之間構成主動關系用法（1）動詞的-ing形式（短語）作狀語可以表示時間、條件、原因、讓步、結果、方式、伴隨等，其邏輯主語要和句子主語保持一致，且動詞的-ing形式（短語）與句中的主語為邏輯上的主謂關系。（2）當動詞的-ing形式（短語）的動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動詞之前時，要用動詞的-ing形式（短語）的完成時havingdone。（3）作狀語的動詞的-ing形式（短語）相當于一個狀語從句。【典例示范】AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund，theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5，500，

givingtherhinosa“criticallyendangered”status.根據世界野生動物基金會的數據，全球黑犀牛的數量已降至5500頭，這使黑犀牛處于“極度瀕?！睜顟B(tài)?！炯磳W即練】單句語法填空/同義句轉換（1）

（see）thosepictures，sherememberedherchildhood.

（2）

（finish）herhomework，thelittlegirlbegantowatchTV.

（3）Anumberofnewmachineswereinstalledinthefactory，__________

（result）inanincreaseinproduction.

SeeingHavingfinishedresulting

（4）Helayonthegrass，andstaredattheskyforalongtime.→Helayonthegrass，

foralongtime.staringatthesky2.（教材P48）OlympusMons，thelargestvolcanoonMars，isabouttwice

as

high

asMountQomolangma.

奧林帕斯山是火星上最大的火山，大約是珠穆朗瑪峰的兩倍高?！揪涫教釤挕勘揪渲械摹皌wiceashighas”為倍數表達法。as…as意為“和……一樣”?！練w納拓展】語法現象倍數表達法結構特點（1）A+be+倍數+as+adj./adv.+as+B（2）A+be+倍數+形容詞比較級/副詞比較級+than+B（3）A+be+倍數+thesize/length/height/depth/width…+of+B注意內容表示“兩倍”時要用double或twice，三倍或三倍以上用“基數詞+times”。有時，我們也用分數、百分數或half等代替倍數。【典例示范】It’ssaidthatthepowerplantisnowtwice

as

large

aswhatitwas.據說，該發(fā)電廠現在是以前的兩倍大。Intermsofgeography，thenewmega-citywillberoughlytwice

as

big

asnewJersey.從地理上來看，這座超級都市有兩個新澤西大?！炯磳W即練】單句語法填空/同義句轉換（1）Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimes

（fast）thantraditionalgarbageasawhole.

（2）ThenewstadiumbeingbuiltforthecomingAsianGameswillbethreetimesthe

（high）ofthepresentone.

fasterheight（3）Asisknowntous，theearthisforty-ninetimesasbigasthemoon.→Itisknowntousthattheearthis_________________________________

themoon.

→Whatisknowntousisthattheearthis

themoon.

forty-ninetimesbiggerthanforty-ninetimesthesizeofⅠ.語境辨義根據語境寫出黑體詞的詞性及含義1.Undernormalconditions，theoceancurrentsofthetropicalPacifictravelfromeasttowest.

2.Allthecellsandtissuesinthebodybenefitfromtheincreasedintakeofoxygen.

3.Oneday，Naomireceivedanemail.Attachedwasarecording，arecordingoflossandlove，ofthefight.

★能力優(yōu)化集訓n.水流n.組織adj.附上的4.Theyshouldeithermonitortheirwebsitesbettersothatchildrendonotsignuptooearly，ortheyshouldadjusttheirwebsitestotheneedsofyoungerusers.

5.Ifyousignaltosomeone，youmakeagestureorsoundinordertosendthemaparticularmessage.

6.Butnow，homesicknessisashallowstrait.Iamonthisside.Andthemainlandisontheotherside.

v.監(jiān)控v.示意；發(fā)信號adj.淺的Ⅱ.單句語法填空1.MrSmithisdetermined

（seek）hisfortuneinthedowntownarea.

2.Theyoungmanhadastrongdesire

（earn）alivingbyhimselfsoonafterhegraduated.

3.Theprincehadhisservantattachajadeaccessory

hisrobe（禮袍）carefully.

4.Itwaswiseofhimtoadmitwhathehaddoneotherwisehe_____________

（get）intoseriesoftrouble.toseek

toearntowouldhavegot5.Artificial

hasbeenusedinphones，whichmakesthemseemtobemore

.（intelligent）

6.Sincethecountrybecame

in1842，ithasplayedanimportantrole

.Gonearethedayswhenit

onothersforeverything.（depend）

7.Aperson’slifeis

butknowledgeis

.（limit）

8.Unsatisfiedwiththeresultsofthe

，theresearchers

thedataagain.（analyse）

Intelligenceintelligentindependentindependentlydependedlimitedlimitlessanalysisanalysed9.A

illnessconfinedhimtobedforoveramonthanddoctorscouldn’tsolvethe

oftheillness.（mystery）

10.Heishealthy

andphysically.Thatistosay，hehas

andphysicalhealth.（mental）

mysteriousmysterymentallymentalⅢ.選詞填空用本單元所學詞匯完成下列短文，并背誦該短文。（黑體詞匯為本單元詞匯）soasto；figureout；asaresult；inclosing；carryon；forlackof；floataround；bedeterminedto；onboard；providefor Mankindhasmanagedtocreatefacilitiesandvehiclestocarryastronautsintotheuniverse.Theylaunch

rocketscarryingsatellites.Manyintelligentpeoplearoundtheglobe

1.

devotethemselvestospaceexploration，eventhoughsomefatalspacedisasterswhichkilledastronauts2.

makethemdisappointed.Besides，whenlivinginspace，theastronautshavetorecycledirtywater3.

useitlater.4.

gravity，theirmusclesbecomeweak.Theyhavetotapeeverythingup，otherwisetheywould5.

.Theyalsoneedto6.

awaytostoresufficientfoodandoxygen，butpeople’saredeterminedtoonboardsoastoForlackoffloataroundfigureoutdesiretoexplorespaceneverdies.Chinaisthethirdcountrytosendhumansintospaceindependently.Thissignalsagiant

leapforwardforChina.Somepeoplearguethatweshouldstopwastingtimeandmoneyonspaceexploration，whichisashallowview.Ourplanet’sresourcesarelimited，and7.

，weshouldfindanewhometo8.

theeverincreasingpopulation.9.

，weattachgreatimportancetosolvingthemysteryaboutspaceandwill10.

withspaceexplorationregularly.

asaresultprovideforInclosingcarryonⅣ.微寫作根據漢語提示并運用本單元的詞匯和語法寫一段話雖然我們對火星有一些了解，但仍然缺乏足夠的知識。地球是火星的六倍大?；鹦巧蠋缀鯖]有氧氣，這可能導致那里不可能存在生命。更重要的是，它可能中午50度左右，但晚上下降到零下100度，這阻止了我們居住在那里。既然火星與地球有很大的不同，如果我們計劃有一天去火星，我們應該為自己提供充足的氧氣、食物、衣服和住所?！敬鸢浮縊nepossibleversion：HavingknownalittleaboutMars，westilllackenoughknowledgeaboutit.EarthissixtimesthesizeofMars.ThereisalmostnooxygenonMars，whichcanresultinthefactthatnolifecanexistthere.What’smore，itmightbeabout50degreesabovezeroatnoonbut100degreesbelowzeroatnight，

whichpreventsusfromlivingthere.NowthatMarsisquitedifferentfromEarth，ifweplantogotoMarsoneday，weshouldprovideourselveswithenoughoxygen，food，clothingandshelter.（本欄目對應課時作業(yè)P484）Ⅰ.閱讀理解AWang

Zhenyi（1768-1797）

Bornatatimewhengirlswerepreventedfromgettingaformaleducation，WangZhenyigotencouragedfromherfathertoreadbooksincludingworksonastronomy，mathematics，geography，medicine，aswellaspoetry.Sheconductedexperimentsathome，inoneofwhichsheusedaroundtableastheEarth，alampastheSun，andamirrorastheMoontounderstandtheirmotionsandfinallyrevealedthemysteryoflunareclipse（月食）.Wangoftenexpressedinherpoetryinequalitiesinsocietyandfoughtfortherightsofwomen.Jocelyn

Burnell（1943-）

JocelynBurnellwasborninNorthenIreland，whosefatherPhilipwasanarchitect.In1965，BurnellbeganhergraduatestudiesinphysicsatCambridgeUniversity，buildingatelescopetolookforradiosignalsfromspace.Later，shefoundsignalsfromspaceandwasthefirsttoconfirmtheexistenceofneutronstars（中子星）.In1974，shemissedoutonthewinningofaNobelPrizeforthisdiscovery.Butin2018，shewonaBreakthroughPrizeforit.Mercedes

Richards（1955-2016）

MercedesRichardsgrewupinthecapitalofJamaica.At11，sheknewshewantedtobeanastronomer.Herfather，whowasapolicedetective，taughthertheskillsofobservationandinference，whilehermother，anaccountant，taughthertheimportanceofprecision.RichardsstudiedastronomyatYorkUniversityandtheUniversityofToronto，andinvestigatedbinarystar（雙星）systemstodeterminehowgasflowsbetweenthepairedstarstocreateenormousexplosionofenergycallednovae（新星）.1.Whofirstdiscoveredtheexistenceofneutronstars？A.WangZhenyi.B.JocelynBurnell.C.PhilipBurnell.D.MercedesRichards.√1.細節(jié)理解題。根據JocelynBurnell（1943-）部分中的“…wasthefirsttoconfirmtheexistenceofneutronstars（中子星）.”可知，JocelynBurnell是第一個發(fā)現了中子星的存在的。故選B項。2.WhatisspecialaboutWangZhenyi？A.Shewaswell-educatedbyherfamily.B.Shemadethefirstdiscoveryofanewstar.C.Shewasfacedwithgenderdiscrimination.D.Shewasafemalepioneerinthefieldofastronomy.√2.推理判斷題。根據WangZhenyi（1768-1797）部分中的“Bornatatimewhengirlswerepreventedfromgettingaformaleducation，WangZhenyi…”可知，在王貞儀成長的時代，社會普遍認為女孩不該受教育。由此推知，王貞儀面臨著性別歧視。故選C項。3.Whichcolumnisthepassageprobablyfrom？A.ScienceNews.B.HerStoryFiles.C.TourofWorld.D.LiteratureAppreciation.√3.文章來源題。根據第一段中的“Bornatatime…WangZhenyi…”、第二段中的“In1965，BurnellbeganhergraduatestudiesinphysicsatCambridgeUniversity”以及第三段中的“MercedesRichardsgrewup…”可知，本文主要介紹了三位杰出的女天文學家從小接受教育，學習天文知識并最終對天文學研究做出了突出貢獻的勵志故事，凸顯了女性力量，所以本文應出自女性故事專欄（HerStoryFiles）。故選B項?！敬鸢浮?/p>

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了三位杰出的女天文學家：中國的王貞儀、北愛爾蘭的Jocelyn

Burnell以及牙買加的Mercedes

Richards的成長經歷、教育背景和杰出貢獻。B

（2024—2025學年江蘇省南通市高三上學期期中考）Earthisabouttogainanew“mini-moon”，butitwon’tstayaroundforlong.Thenewlydiscoveredasteroid（行星）named2024PT5，willtemporarilybecapturedbyEarth’sgravityandorbitourworldfromSeptember29toNovember25，accordingtoastronomers.Then，thespacerockwillreturntoaheliocentricorbit，whichisanorbitaroundthesun.“Theasteroidislikelyabout37feet（11meters）indiameter（直徑），butmoreobservationsanddataareneededtoconfirmitssize，”saidleadstudyauthorCarlos. Thespacerockcouldbeanywherebetween16and138feetindiameter，potentiallylargerthantheasteroidthatenteredEarth’satmosphereoverChelyabinsk，Russia，in2013.About55to65feetinsize，theChelyabinskasteroidexplodedintheair，releasing20to30timesmoreenergythanthatoftheatomicbombdroppedonHiroshima，Japan，andgeneratingbrightnessgreaterthanthesun. Butasamini-moon，Asteroid2024PT5isn’tinanydangerofcollidingwithEarthnoworoverthenextfewdecades.Thespacerockwillorbitabout2.6millionmilesaway，orabout10timesthedistancebetweenEarthandthemoon. “WhetheranasteroidgetscapturedbyEarthisindependentofitssizeormass，itonlydependsonitsspeedandtrajectory（軌跡）asitapproachestheEarth-Moonsystem，”saidRobert，aspecialistonsolarsystembodies.“Atanygiventime，thereisapproximatelyonemini-moonintheEarth-Moonsystem，roughlythesizeofadishwasher，buttheyaresodifficulttodetectandmostofthemgoundiscoveredduringthetimewhentheyremainboundtoEarth.” Mini-moonscanalsobeasteroidsthatcomefromthemainasteroidbelt，locatedbetweenMarsandJupiter，ortheymaybepiecesofthelunarsurfacelaunchedbyasteroidimpactsmillionsofyearsago.Carlosandhiscolleaguesplantoobserve2024PT5tocollectmoredataanddetails.“Determiningwheretheycomefromcouldhelpusunderstandtheprocessofcrater（坑）formationandhowmaterialisforcedoutfromtheMoon’ssurface，”hesaid.4.Whatcanwelearnfrom2024PT5？A.Theasteroidwillbecapturedbygravityforlong.B.Theasteroid’saccuratesizehasyettobeconfirmed.C.2024PT5hasenteredEarth’satmosphereoverRussia.D.2024PT5willstayaroundtheearthforabout3months.√4.細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中Carlos所說的“Theasteroidislikelyabout37feet（11metres）indiameter（直徑），butmoreobservationsanddataareneededtoconfirmitssize…”可知，小行星2024PT5的確切大小還有待確認。故選B項。5.Whydoes2024PT5causenoharmtotheearth？A.Itlackstheenergytodestroytheearth.B.Itisactivelymonitoredbythespecialists.C.ItissmallerthantheChelyabinskasteroid.D.Itstrajectoryavoidscollidingwiththeearth.√5.細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段“Butasamini-moon，Asteroid2024PT5isn’tinanydangerofcollidingwithEarth…about10timesthedistancebetweenEarthandthemoon.”可知，小行星2024PT5之所以不會對地球造成傷害，是因為它的軌道避免了與地球相撞。故選D項。6.WhichofthefollowingdoesRobertagreewith？A.Manymini-moonsalwaysexistintheEarth-Moonsystem.B.Mini-moonsaredetectableduetotheirdishwashersize.C.Detectionofmini-moonsboundtotheearthischallenging.D.Captureofanasteroidenjoysindependenceofspeed.√6.推理判斷題。根據第四段中Robert所說的“…buttheyaresodifficulttodetectandmostofthemgoundiscoveredduringthetimewhentheyremainboundtoEarth.”可知，Robert指出地月系統(tǒng)中的小行星體積小，很難被探測到，大多數都沒有被發(fā)現。由此推知，Robert認為探測與地球綁定的小行星的工作是具有挑戰(zhàn)性的。故選C項。7.WhydoesCarlosplantoobserve2024PT5？A.Tocollectpiecesofthelunarsurface.B.Toobservemini-moonsintheasteroidbelt.C.Toperceivetheprocessofcraterformation.D.TounderstandasteroidimpactsonMoon’ssurface.√7.細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段中Carlos所說的“Determiningwheret