定語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)

1、定語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng),亳州二中 高三年級(jí) 譚文華,句子成分分析：,英語(yǔ)中的句子成分有主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、 狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。和漢語(yǔ)非常相似。,I found a long snake dead in the corner last night.,定語(yǔ),_,_,_,主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),補(bǔ)語(yǔ),地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),英語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)：,簡(jiǎn)單句,主+謂（vi）,主+謂（vt）+賓,+雙賓,+賓補(bǔ),主+系（be）+表,復(fù)合句,并列復(fù)合句,主從復(fù)合句,and, but, or, so等并列連詞連接,有引導(dǎo)詞連接，做什么句子成分就叫什么從句,主從復(fù)合句：,名詞性從句,形容詞性從句,副詞性從句,主從復(fù)合句,主

2、語(yǔ)從句,賓語(yǔ)從句,狀語(yǔ)從句,定語(yǔ)從句,同位語(yǔ)從句,表語(yǔ)從句,2016 定語(yǔ)從句試題分析,2016全國(guó)乙卷 閱讀理解A： Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. 閱讀理解B: No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren.,閱讀理解C： 1. I had one trip last year where

3、 I was caught by a hurricane in American. 2. In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient. 3. Youre consciously aware that in that box youve got something that is potentially going to save somebodys life.,閱讀理解D： A nurse who understands the healing value of silence can use t

4、his understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.,七選五閱讀： C項(xiàng) Only people who know the keyword can read the message. F 項(xiàng) With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.,完形填空： The man who had his bright lights on _48_ and told Lar

5、ry he had _49_ an emergency call.,語(yǔ)法填空： 1. So it was a great honor to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where tickets money helps pay for research. 2. On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _68_(it) mother.,小結(jié),由以上例句可以看出定語(yǔ)從句廣泛存在于英語(yǔ)試題中，有

6、的放在文章中，起到拉長(zhǎng)句子增加理解難度的作用，有的直接出現(xiàn)在考題中，主要考察學(xué)生分析句子，選填正確引導(dǎo)詞的能力。此外，幾乎所有的英語(yǔ)文章中都會(huì)出現(xiàn)定語(yǔ)從句，它的應(yīng)用極其廣泛。所以掌握定語(yǔ)從句在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的過(guò)程中非常重要。今天我主要從高考的角度講一講高考對(duì)于定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞和介詞+關(guān)系代詞的考察。,在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句， 放在所修飾的名詞或代詞的后面。,2.先行詞：,被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞,定語(yǔ)從句的相關(guān)概念,1.定語(yǔ)從句定義：,3.引導(dǎo)詞/關(guān)系詞：,連接先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句的詞,He is a famous singer who is from Taiwan.,先行詞,引導(dǎo)詞

7、 或關(guān)系詞,定語(yǔ)從句兩個(gè)必備因素：,先行詞和引導(dǎo)詞,關(guān)系代詞,關(guān)系副詞,That，who, which, whom, whose ，as,when, where, why,在從句中做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ),在從句中做狀語(yǔ),關(guān)系代詞的用法(在從句中做主賓表),1、that/which,That/which可互換，下列情況別照辦。 不定代詞這一伙， 只用that準(zhǔn)沒(méi)錯(cuò)。 先行詞前有修飾， 千萬(wàn)不能用which。 要用which別著急， 介詞提前逗隔離。,That/which可互換,I bought the book that/which is written by Jobs.,（指物，主語(yǔ)）,我買了一本

8、喬布斯寫的書。,That指人或指物，which指物，做主賓表,不定代詞這一伙，只用that準(zhǔn)沒(méi)錯(cuò),先行詞為all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that.,1. I am sure she has something _ you can borrow.,2. Do you have anything _ you dont understand?,that,that,先行詞前有修飾，千萬(wàn)不能用which.,先行詞被序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)、the only, the very, the same, t

9、he last、all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修飾時(shí)，只能用that。,This is the first book _ he has read.,He is the only person _ was present at the time.,Ive read all the books _ you lend me.,The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast are popular to the students.,另外，先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)，也用that。,that,that

10、,that,that,要用which別著急，介詞提前逗隔離,(1) 關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中緊跟介詞作賓語(yǔ)（介詞提前）。 There are many trees _ they can have a rest. This is the ring _ she spent 1000 dollars.,(2) 在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中。 Football, _ is a very popular game, is played all over the world.,under which,on which,which,2、who/whom/whose,Who指人，在從句中常做主語(yǔ)，whom常做賓語(yǔ)或

11、表語(yǔ)，whose既指人又指物，做定語(yǔ)。,1. He is the man _ has a scar on his forehead,who,2.The girl _ I met is Lucy.,whom,3. I have a room _window faces south.,whose,作主語(yǔ),作賓語(yǔ),作定語(yǔ), whose+名詞=of which/whom + the+名詞=the+名詞+of which/whom,Whose window=the window of which=of which the window,3、as,先行詞前有so,such,as,the same修飾時(shí)，關(guān)

12、系代詞用as.,The story is so funny _ I want to hear again.,The story is so funny _ I want to hear it again.,as,that,定語(yǔ)從句，as作賓語(yǔ),結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，that不作句子成分,注意區(qū)分：,as譯為“正如”，常用于固定搭配,The number of smokers,_ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. _ is often the case, he doesnt have supper to lose fat.

13、_ the saying goes, still water runs deep.,as,As,As,注意區(qū)分：,The boy always makes mistakes, _ upsets his parents very much.,which,Which用于非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中（逗號(hào)后面），指代前一分句內(nèi)容，譯為“這一點(diǎn)”“這個(gè)事”。,1.Here are my neighbors home was destroyed by the earthquake. 2.The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people were

14、 asleep 3.The next day people put up shelters in the open air made with anything _they could find 4.Several days later most of the buildings had been damaged were repaired,whose,who,That/省略,Which/that,Exercises:,5.This frightened boy _ mother was lost in the disaster is looking for her now 6.We went

15、 to see our teacher _husband lost his life in the earthquake 7.Is this the young man saved several people trapped under buildings ? she asked 8. A number of children _ parents had died in the quake were sent to live with families in other cities,whose,whose,who,whose,Exercises:,關(guān)系副詞的用法（在從句中作狀語(yǔ)）,1. w

16、hen (先行詞指時(shí)間且從句不缺主賓表時(shí)用),I will never forget the days _ we lived together in the city.,I will never forget the days _ we spent together in the city.,when,that/which,作狀語(yǔ)=in which,作賓語(yǔ),Opposite is St. Pauls Church, _ you can hear some lovely music.,2. where (先行詞指地點(diǎn)且從句不缺主賓表時(shí)用),Opposite is St. Pauls Church

17、, _ you can visit later.,where,that/which,作狀語(yǔ)=in which,作賓語(yǔ),注意：當(dāng)先行詞是case/situation/activity/race/point/position等抽象名詞時(shí)，關(guān)系副詞也用where.,They have reached the point_ they have to separate with each other.,where,3. why(先行詞指reason且從句不缺主賓表),Do you know the reason _ he didnt attend the meeting?,Do you know the

18、 reason _ he explained to the teacher ?,why,that/which,作狀語(yǔ)=for which,作賓語(yǔ),特別注意：關(guān)系副詞=相應(yīng)的介詞+關(guān)系代詞,介詞+關(guān)系代詞which/whom/whose,He was a black lawyer to whom I went for advice. The day on which he helped me was my happiest. He studied in Beijing university after which he went to the USA. He was a kind man without whose help I couldnt have passed the bitter period.,看例句，找介詞來(lái)源：,看從句位于搭配,看先行詞,看句意,介詞來(lái)源：一先 二動(dòng) 三意義,1.They have four children, the youngest of _is