四級段落翻譯練習四-社會經(jīng)濟

1、四級段落翻譯練習四【原文】中國政府高度重視保護環(huán)境，認為保護環(huán)境關(guān)系到國家現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的全局和長遠發(fā)展，是造福當代、惠及子孫的事業(yè)。中國政府將環(huán)境保護確立為一項基本國策，在推進經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的同時，采取一系列措施加強保護環(huán)境。特別是近年來，中國政府堅持預(yù)防為主、綜合治理、全面推進、重點突破，著力解決危害人民群眾健康的突出環(huán)境問題；堅持創(chuàng)新體制機制，領(lǐng)先科學進步，強化環(huán)境法治，發(fā)揮社會各方面的積極性。 經(jīng)過努力，環(huán)境污染和生態(tài)破壞加劇的趨勢減緩，部分流域污染治理初見成效，部分城市和地區(qū)環(huán)境質(zhì)量有所改善，全社會保護環(huán)境意識進一步增強?！緟⒖甲g文1】The Chinese government attach

2、es great importance to environmental protection. It believes that environmental protection has a bearing on the overall situation of China?s modernization drive and its long-term development and that it is an undertaking which will not only benefit the Chinese people of today but also bring benefit

3、to their children and grand children. The Chinese government has established environmental protection as a basic national policy. While promoting economic growth, it has adopted a series of measures to protect the environment. Especially in recent years, adhering to the principle of prevention first

4、, comprehensive control, entire push-on and key-point breakthrough, Chinese government has made great efforts to solve those outstanding environmental problems that threaten people?s health. It has persisted in institutional innovation, relied on technological advances, strengthened the role of law

5、in environmental protection and brought into full play the initiative of various sectors of the society. Thanks to these efforts, the trend toward aggravated environmental pollution and ecological destruction has slowed down, pollution control in some river basins has achieved some initial success,

6、the environmental quality of some cities and regions has improved to some extent, and the people?s awareness of the importance of environmental protection has increased further.【參考譯文2】The Chinese government attaches great importance to environmental protection. It believes that environmental protect

7、ion will have a direct impact on the overall situation of Chinas modernization drive and its long-term development, and considers environmental protection an undertaking that will not only benefit the Chinese people of today but also their children and grandchildren. Years ago, the Chinese governmen

8、t established environmental protection as a basic national policy and sustainable development as an important strategy, and has adhered to the road of a new type of industrialization. While promoting economic growth, it has adopted a whole array of measures to strengthen environmental protection. Es

9、pecially in recent years, the Chinese government has adhered to focusing on preventive measures, comprehensive control and overall progress with breakthroughs at some key points, and worked hard to solve conspicuous environmental problems threatening peoples health. At the same time, it has continue

10、d its efforts for institutional innovation, relied on scientific and technological advances, strengthened the legal system of environmental protection, and brought into full play the initiative of people of all walks of life. Thanks to these efforts, although the amount of resource consumption and p

11、ollutants is increasing greatly, the trend toward aggravated environmental pollution and ecological destruction is slowing down; especially, environmental pollution control in some river valleys has seen some positive results, the environmental quality of some cities and regions has improved, and th

12、e peoples awareness of the importance of environmental protection has enhanced.【評析】 1.“高度重視”除可譯為attach great importance to，外，亦可譯為set（或put/lay） great/high store by/on?、lay（或put/place） stress on/upon?、give prominence to?和think highly of?。 2. have a bearing on?需牢記，該短語的含義是to have an effect or influence

13、on sth.。 3.“基本國策”的譯法basic national/state policy需牢記。 4.“突出（的）”也可以譯為salient。 5. “社會各方面”兩種譯文處理方法不同，均可參考。people of all walks of life系固定搭配。 6. bring sth. into full play系固定搭配，用來翻譯“發(fā)揮的積極性”很妥帖。 7. “經(jīng)過努力”切不可字對字死譯，否則必是中式英語。譯為Thanks to these efforts,才是準確的譯文。 8. “進一步增強”譯為?has increased further不如譯為?has enhanced簡

14、潔、地道?！驹摹恐腥A民族的傳統(tǒng)文化博大精深，源遠流長。早在2000多年前，就產(chǎn)生了以孔孟為代表的儒家學說和以老莊為代表的道家學說，以及其他許多也在中國思想史上有地位的學說和學派。這就是有名的諸子百家。從孔夫子到孫中山，中華民族的傳統(tǒng)文化有它的許多珍品，許多人民性和民主性的好東西。比如，強調(diào)仁愛、強調(diào)群體、強調(diào)天下為公，特別是“天下興亡，匹夫有責”的愛國情操和吃苦耐勞、勤儉持家、尊師重教的傳統(tǒng)美德。所有這些，對家庭、對國家和社會都起到了巨大的維系和調(diào)節(jié)作用。 【參考譯文】 The traditional Chinese culture, both extensive and profound,

15、 starts far back and runs a long, long course. More than 2,000 years ago there emerged in China Confucianism represented by Confucius and Mencius, Taoism, represented by Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought, all being

16、covered by the famous term, the masters hundred schools. From Confucius to Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the traditional Chinese culture presents many precious ideas and qualities, which are essentially populist and democratic. For example, they lay stress on the importance of kindness and love in human relation

17、s, on the interest of the community, and on the idea that the world is for all, especially on patriotism as embodied in the saying, everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country; and long suffering and hard working diligence and frugality in household management, and respecting teache

18、rs and valuing education. All these have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the country and the society. 【評析】 1.“中華民族的傳統(tǒng)文化博大精深，源遠流長。”系典型的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，再仔細分析，可以做如下轉(zhuǎn)化：“中華民族博大精深的傳統(tǒng)文化源遠流長?！睋?jù)此將both extensive and profound作為后置定語譯出。整句層次分明，一氣呵成。此例具有代表性。 2.“早在2000多年前，就產(chǎn)生了以孔孟為代表的儒家學說和以老莊為代表的道家學說，

19、以及其他許多也在中國思想史上有地位的學說和學派?！边@是漢語中典型的“無主句”，翻譯時可選用英語中的there emerge句型譯出。 3.“孔子”和“孟子”及后文的“孫中山”皆有定譯，絕不可用漢語拼音翻譯。 4.“這就是有名的諸子百家。”雖然在原文中系一句話，但在英譯文中卻可以作為前一句的附加成分，所以處理為all being covered by the famous term, the masters hundred schools.。 5. “許多人民性和民主性的好東西”是在描述“許多珍品”的性質(zhì)，二者決不是并列關(guān)系，“人民性”和“民主性”可分別處理為形容詞populist和democr

20、atic，由于前文已提及“珍品”，所以同義詞“好東西”自然可以省略不譯。 6. “天下為公”和“天下興亡，匹夫有責”均為常見熟語，考生對這類熟語的英譯應(yīng)有較多積累。 7. “起到的作用”可以用play a role/part in doing sth.對譯?！驹摹吭S多專家認為，教學改革的當務(wù)之急是要改變現(xiàn)在的課程設(shè)置和考試辦法，不要讓孩子只知道“頭懸梁，錐刺股，死讀書，讀死書”。他們指出，教育改革的關(guān)鍵在于使全社會認識到中、小學教育的目的不只是讓學生掌握必要的知識，更應(yīng)該提高學生整體素質(zhì)，特別是他們對于人生意義和社會責任這些根本的問題要有比較深入的思考。學校要在這些方面深入研究，選擇合適的內(nèi)

21、容和方式引導(dǎo)和幫助學生形成正確的觀點。如果學校只強調(diào)知識教育而忽視了人生課程的引導(dǎo)，那么培養(yǎng)出來的只是一批文字或者數(shù)字機器，而不是準備進入社會的預(yù)備人才。 【參考譯文】Many experts hold the idea that the highest priority in the reform of education system should be given to the improvement and reform in curriculum and examination system in order to avoid a generation paying undue at

22、tention to textbooks. They pointed out that the key of the reform in the education system is a well-shared awareness that the high and primary educations are there, instead of simply offering the knowledge important to the students, to improve the students in an all-round way, and especially to guid

23、e them to a careful pondering over such fundamental issues as life itself and social responsibility. As to the schools, they try their best to get a better way to gradually guide the students to an appropriate view over the world around them. An undue emphasis on knowledge-education and the resultan

24、t ignorance over the guidance to the students to a proper understanding of life will bring us nothing but a large number of “memorizing machines”. We can never expect a group of young people well prepared for the real social life. 【評析】 1.要想漢譯英做得好，掌握一定數(shù)量的英語句型必不可少。如開頭的“認為，”就可以用?hold the idea/view that

25、?或?be of the opinion that?譯出，這樣譯文才會地道。又如第二句“?的當務(wù)之急是?”可以用The highest priority in?should be given to?譯出。2.“頭懸梁”、“錐刺股”、“死讀書”和“讀死書”其實說的都是一回事，考生不必絞盡腦汁想如何逐字譯出，這在有限的考試時間里并不現(xiàn)實，因此只須吃透意思后用準確、簡潔的語言譯出即可。paying undue attention to textbooks五個單詞就譯出了12個字的意思。考生應(yīng)掌握這種技巧，在備考中有意識地訓練。此例有代表性。 3.“引導(dǎo)”自然包涵“幫助”之意，help可略去。 4.“

26、文字或者數(shù)字機器”既可直譯，亦可譯意，參考譯文意譯為memorizing machines，這更便于理解。【原文】太湖明珠無錫，位于江蘇省南部，地處美麗富饒的長江三角洲中心地帶。這里氣候宜人，物產(chǎn)豐富，風景優(yōu)美，是中國重點風景旅游城市。與萬里長城齊名的古京杭大運河縱貫市區(qū)，泛舟河上，能領(lǐng)略水鄉(xiāng)的民俗風情。 距市區(qū)七公里的太湖梅梁景區(qū)是太湖風景之精華，碧波萬頃，漁帆點點，湖光山色令人陶醉。其中的黿頭渚巨石狀如黿頭，遠眺煙波浩渺的太湖，被詩人郭沫若譽為“太湖佳絕處”。 【參考譯文】Like a bright pearl set on the Taihu Lake and situated in t

27、he center of the beautiful and fertile Changjiang Delta in southern Jiangsu Province, Wuxi is one of Chinas major tourist cities, with its pleasant climate, rich natural resources and picturesque scenery. Cutting through the city is the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, an ancient project equal in fame

28、to the Great Wall. A trip along the river will enable the visitor to get to know the customs and life styles of the local people. Seven kilometers from downtown Wuxi is a popular scenic area known as Meiliang. There, the Taihu Lake is at its best: the vast expanse of blue waters is dotted by fishing boats against an enchanting background