狀語從句講解83457

1、狀語從句講解,在復(fù)合句中由從句表示的狀語稱作狀語從句，它可以用來修飾謂語（包括非謂語動詞）、定語或狀語，或是整個句子。,準確掌握每一個連詞的含義是掌握狀語從句的關(guān)鍵。 同時要注意主從句的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)。,考核要求,定義,類型,時間狀語從句 地點狀語從句 原因狀語從句 目的狀語從句 結(jié)果狀語從句 條件狀語從句 方式狀語從句 比較狀語從句 讓步狀語從句,連詞,時間狀語從句,掌握： 1. when / while / as 2. before / after 3. till / until 4. since 5. as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly,

2、the moment, the instant, the minute,時間狀語從句-when/while/as,三者可表示“當時候”，區(qū)別如下： (1) 若主句表示的是一個短暫性動作，從句表示的是一個持續(xù)性動作，三者都可用： He fell asleep when while, as he was reading. (2) 若主、從句表示兩個同時進行的持續(xù)性動作，且強調(diào)主句表示的動作延續(xù)到從句所指的整個時間，通常要用 while： Dont talk while youre eating. I kept silent while he was writing.,時間狀語從句-when/whi

3、le/as,(3) 若主從句表示的兩個同時進行的動作含有“一邊一邊”之意思，通常用 as： She sang as she went along. (4) 若從句是一個短暫性動作，主句是一個持續(xù)性動作，可用 as / when 但不用 while： It was raining hard when as we arrived. (5) 若主從句表示的是兩個同時(或幾乎同時)發(fā)生的短暫性動作，用 as / when： I thought of it just when as you opened your mouth. 就在你要說的時候，我也想到了。,時間狀語從句-when/while/as,(

4、6) 若要表示兩個正在發(fā)展變化的情況，“隨著”，用 as： Things are getting better and better as time goes on. As it grew darker, it became colder. (7) when 可用作并列連詞，表示“這時(突然)”； while 也可以用作并列連詞，表示“而”、“卻”(表示對比)；但 as 則沒有類似用法： We were about to start when it began to rain. He likes coffee, while she likes tea.,時間狀語從句-when/while/as

5、,注意： 當使用連接詞when表示“時候”時，它所引導(dǎo)的從句中謂語動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時或者一般過去時，不能用完成時態(tài)； when，while和as都引導(dǎo)表示時間的狀語從句，它們的區(qū)別在于動作發(fā)生的時間順序。用when時，從句的動作可以與主句的同時發(fā)生或先于主句動作發(fā)生；用as時從句和主句動作同時發(fā)生；用while時從句和主句動作同時發(fā)生，也可表示持續(xù)一段時間。,_ we were talking, Mr. Smiths came in. _ they came home, I was cooking dinner. I was about to go to bed _ I heard someon

6、e knock at the door. 4. _ we were watching TV, he was studying. 5. He is fat _ his brother is thin. 6. _ she sang, tears ran down her face.,用when, while或as 填空:,While/ As/ When,When,when,While,while,As,時間狀語從句-before/after,Before在之前；After在之后 表示主從句的動作先后發(fā)生 1.當主句用將來時，從句總是用現(xiàn)在時； 2.如果before引導(dǎo)的從句謂語用的是過去時，則主句

7、動詞多用過去完成時； 3.After表示主句動作發(fā)生在從句動作之后。主句和從句的動作的時間關(guān)系正好與before引導(dǎo)的從句相反。,時間狀語從句-before/after,1. It will be four days before they come back. 2. My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived. 3. After you think it over, please let me know what you decide. 4. After we had finished the work, we w

8、ent home,Before 與 after,Finish your homework _ you go out to play. He had walked three days _ he found water. It was not long _ he left his hometown.,Before 與 after,4. I played football _ I (had) finished my homework 5. Please tell her Ill come _ I do some shopping. 6. It will not be long _ we meat

9、each other again.,時間狀語從句-till/until,till和until一般情況下兩者可以互換，但是在強調(diào)句型中多用until。 注意：如果主句中的謂語動詞是瞬時動詞時，必須用否定形式；如果主句中的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞時，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表達的意思不同。 I didnt go to bed until（till） my father came back. It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English. I worked until he came back.我工作到他

10、回來為止。 I didnt work until he came back.他回來我這才開始工作。,till 與 until,1. He lived with his parents _ he graduated from college. 2. The children wont come home _ its dark. 3. _ you told me I had no idea of it. 4. Not _ he told me did I know the truth. 5. It was _ the war was over that he returned to his lan

11、d.,時間狀語從句-since,since引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)性的動詞，又可以是瞬時動詞。一般情況下，從句謂語動詞用一般過去時，而主句的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時。 I have been in Beijing since you left. 區(qū)別： 1. It is since從以來多長時間了 It is five years since we met last time. 2. It is before(才) It was a long time before I went to sleep again.,時間狀語從句-“一.就.”,as soon as, immediately, d

12、irectly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute,I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast. 吃完早飯，我立即到那里去。 The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot.我一聽到消息，馬上趕到了出事地點。 As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up. 我一到加拿大，就給你來電話。,時間狀語從句-“一.就.”,hardly(scarcely, rarely)when,

13、 no soonerthan 主句用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時。當hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首時，主句應(yīng)用倒裝語序。,He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. No sooner had he arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey.,I _ (be) at his bedside since he _ (become) ill. It _ (be) two

14、 years since we _ (be) university students. _ (一就) he saw the monster, he turned pale.,填空,4. The spy had _ returned home than he was told to go to another country. 5. We had _ returned home when it rained. 6. _ had we begun when we were told to stop.,填空,(1) 當主句為將來時態(tài)或具有將來意義時，時間狀語從句通常要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來意義。 Tu

15、rn off the lights before you leave. I will tell him as soon as he arrives. (2) 與since 從句搭配的主句的時態(tài)通常是現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。 He has lived here since 1999. Where have you been since I last saw you?,時間狀語從句時態(tài),改錯題:,She was walking on the street while the accident happened. _ 2. I will call you as soon as I will finish my

16、 homework. _ 3. After the queen knows it is I that help you run away, she will kill me . _ 4. I have finished the composition when the bell rang. _,1. I got in touch with Charles _ I received his letter. A. when immediatelyB. soon C. immediatelyD. suddenly 2. We were just _ calling you up _ you came

17、 in. A. about; whenB. on the point of; while C. on the point of; whenD. on the point of; as,時間狀語從句練習題,3. Most of his great novels and plays were not published or known to the public _ his tragic death in 1786. A. even beforeB. ever since C. until afterD. until before 4. Babies sleep 16 to 18 hours i

18、n every 24 hours, and they sleep less _ they grow older. A. whileB. asC. whenD. after,時間狀語從句練習題,5. Did you remember to return the book to our English teacher? Yes. I gave it to him _ I saw him. A. onceB. whileC. ifD. the moment 6. A warning news report from Qatar announces that a group of Islam will

19、 continue to kill Americans wherever they are _ they leave the Arab world forever. A. even thoughB. in caseC. wheneverD. until,時間狀語從句練習題,7. It will be five years _ we meet again. A. sinceB. untilC. beforeD. when 8. How can they learn anything _ they spend all their spare time watching TV? A. whereB.

20、 whenC. whileD. but,時間狀語從句練習題,要點: 由連詞where和復(fù)合關(guān)系詞wherever (=no matter where )引導(dǎo). 句型1：Where地點從句，（there）主句。 【注意】此句型通常譯成“哪里哪里就”；主句在從句后面時，there可用可不用；如果主句在從句的前面時，一般都不用there。例如： Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible. You should have put the book where you found it.,地點狀語從句,句型2：Anywhere/

21、 wherever地點從句，主句。 【注意】anywhere本身是個副詞，但是，?？梢砸龑?dǎo)從句，相當于連詞，意思相似于wherever, anywhere引導(dǎo)的從句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。 而wherever本身就是個連詞，表示“在何處，無論何處”。 Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen. 1.Where there is a will , there is a way. 2.Wherever you go , I go too.,地點狀語從句,判斷下列句子類型,1. You would let your children play

22、where you can see them. 2. You would let your children play in the place where you can see them.,1. I have been keeping the portrait _ I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my childhood in Paris. A. sinceB. whereC. asD. if 2. “_ I live there are plenty of sheep.”, said the boy _ pride.

23、A. Where; with B. When; in C. That; inD. Why; with,地點狀語從句練習題,3. He seemed to have been asleep, so I said nothing, but sat _ he would see me _ waking. A. whether; whenB. that；when C. which；whereD. where；when 4. You can still find bones of the birds _ they used to live. A. in whichB. in the place C. w

24、hereD. that,地點狀語從句練習題,5. “_ my feet remain standing above the water level, there is hope.” said the captain. A. WhereB. Even if C. WhileD. Although,地點狀語從句練習題,主要連詞： because, as, since, for seeing (that), now (that) considering (that),原因狀語從句,1.I didnt go to school yesterday because I was ill. 2. Since

25、 everybody is here, lets begin our meeting. 3. As you are in poor health, you should not stay up late. 4.I asked her to stay to tea, for I had something to tell her.,原因狀語從句-because/as/since/for,1）because語勢最強，用來說明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的問題。當原因是顯而易見的或已為人們所知，就用as或 since。 I didnt go, because I was afraid. Since

26、 /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.,原因狀語從句-because/as/since/for,2）如果不是說明直接原因，起補充說明的作用，用for。 He is absent today, for he is ill. He must be ill, for he is absent today.,原因狀語從句-because/as/since/for,3) as和for的區(qū)別： 通常情況下，as引導(dǎo)的從句在主句前，for引導(dǎo)的從句在主句后。例： As the weather is cold, I stay at h

27、ome. I stay at home, for the weather is cold.,原因狀語從句-because/as/since/for,用because, as, since 與for填空:,- Why are you crying, meg? - _ Ive broken your necklace, mom. 2. I went to bed early _ I was tired. 3. I was not kind to him, _ he was rude. 4. _ I had a cold, I was absent from school. 5. My mother

28、 was ill and I sent for Tom, _ he was a doctor. 6. _ we are all here, lets begin our class.,1. May I go now? _ youve finished your work, you may go. A. AfterB. Although C. Now thatD. As soon as 2. _ it happened to be a nice day, we decided to go to the beach. A. WhenB. Before C. If D. Since,原因狀語從句-練習題,主要的連詞： so that, sothat, suchthat He studied hard so that he passed the exam. He was so angry that he couldnt speak. He shut the window with such force that the glass broke.,結(jié)果狀語從句,So + adj. + a/an + n. Such + a/an + adj. +n. 正：He is so clever a child that we all like him. 這小孩很聰明，我們都喜歡他