新概念三語(yǔ)法精講三四替代與省略.ppt

1、第三章 代替與省略SUBSTITUTIONAND OMISSION,-Dee,英語(yǔ)中，為了避免不必要的重復(fù)，經(jīng)常用so, not, to, do, does 代替前面出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)詞或相關(guān)內(nèi)容。 如：He translated the article better than I did. (did代替wrote it) Doyou think she isclever? I think so. (so代替 she is clever),(1) 從上兩例中看出，do / does / did 代替動(dòng)詞。 (2) so 與 not 代替某個(gè)詞、短語(yǔ)、句子等，通常用于hope, think, believ

2、e, expect, suppose, be afraid, fear, imagine, etc后作賓語(yǔ)。 E.g. Is it correct? Im afraid not. (not correct) (3) to 用作不定式，常跟隨下列動(dòng)詞：want, mean, hope, expect, refuse, seem, intend, be, afraid, etc. E.g. I asked him to go to the party, but he refused to. (go to the party) (4) do so, do that, do it 用來(lái)代替動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞，而

3、不能代靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞。 Eg. He gave up studying English. Why did he do so? (= give up studying English) The dish tastes nice. Yes, so it does. (tastes nice) (此句不能用it does it 或 it does so, 因taste屬靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞。） (5) 為使語(yǔ)言精煉，避免不必要的重復(fù)，對(duì)話中常用省略形式。 E.g. He is thinking of buying a car? Is he?（這里，“thinking of buying a car”被省略了。） Wi

4、ll he come back in time? Perhaps.（省略了he will come back in time.),測(cè)試精編,I選擇正確答案： 1. Shall I wake you up tomorrow? Yes, _ . A. please do B. you shall C. you will D. you may 2. I think records are often _ an actual performance. A. as good as or better than B. as good or better than C. like good or bette

5、r than D. as good as any other 3. If he doesnt come to work, he may be fired. Surely he isnt so foolish _ not to realize that. A. so B. and C. but D. as,A,A,D,4. Dont you think Alans health has beenruined by smoking? Yes, he told me _ himself. A. the fact B. this thing C. It D. so 5. Will you go hom

6、e tomorrowevening? No, Im going to a lecture, or at least, Im planning _ . A. on B. to C. so D. It 6. I slipped on the stairs, I think my arm is broken. Oh! I _ . A. do not hope so B. do not hope C. hope not so D. hope not,D,B,D,7. California relies mainly on income from fruit crops, and _ . A. Flor

7、ida also B. Florida too C. Florida is as well D. so does Florida 8. Have you been here long? _ . A. No, not very B. Not much C. Yes, only little D. No, only yesterday,D,A,9. You look happy today, Mary. I like my new dress and mother _, too. A. does B. likes C. is D. do 10. So you are lost, little bo

8、y. Why didnt you hang on to your mothers skirt? _, but I couldnt reach it. A. I hanged to B. I did to C. I didnt hang to D. I tried to,A,D,第四章 倒 裝INVERSION,根據(jù)語(yǔ)法要求，把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞置于主語(yǔ)前，稱為完全倒裝，把助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞置于主語(yǔ)前，稱為部分倒裝。,1副詞如：in, out, down, there, here, off, over, away, etc. 句子倒裝。（完全倒裝，但主語(yǔ)不能是代詞） Down jumped the murd

9、erer from the tenth floor. In came Miss Green. （特別注意：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞時(shí)不倒裝。） Away she went!（她走了?。?Here you are!（你在這兒?。?2only + 副詞（介詞短語(yǔ)）位于句首，句子要倒裝。 Only then did he realize that he was mistaken. Only by working hard can we succeed in doing anything. 3well, so, often, such, few, little 放于句首，句子形成倒裝。 So fine was

10、 the weather that we all went out lying in the sun. Well did I know him and well did he know me.,4否定詞或具有否定意義的詞及詞組用在句首時(shí)，句子須倒裝。此類詞有： neither，nor，hardly，scarcely， rarely，seldom，not，never，not only，barely，at no time，nowhere等。 e.g. Jack could not swim. Neither could Tom. Never have I seen such a good movi

11、e.,5as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，須倒裝。（準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)，是將需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的詞提到as的前面。） Rich as he is, he spends a cent on charity. Try as he does, he never seems able to do the work beautifully. 6在表示祝愿的句子中。 May you make greater progress! （愿你取得更大進(jìn)步?。?7在虛擬條件句中，連詞if省略時(shí)，句型要倒裝，即將were, had, should等詞提到句首。 Were I you, I would go abroad to take advanc

12、ed study. 我要是你，就出國(guó)進(jìn)修了。 Should he come tomorrow, he would help us to settle the problem. 他要是明天來(lái)的話，他會(huì)幫我們解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的。 8百分特例重點(diǎn)： Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free to choose the things we want. （NCE Book III Lesson 26） 盡管我們?yōu)樽约旱慕^好鑒賞力感到自豪，但我們已經(jīng)無(wú)法自由地選擇我們所需要的東西了。,測(cè)試精編,I選擇正確選項(xiàng)

13、： 1. Not until the mid-nineteenth-century discovery of vast deposits of borates in the Majave Desert _ relatively common. A. borax became B. did borax become C. and borax become D. boraxs becoming,B,2. _ received law degrees as today. A. Never so many women have B. Never have so many women C. The wo

14、men arent ever D. Women who have never 3. _ the Bobs belongings that he carried them in a bundle slung over his shoulders. A. Were so few B. Few were so C. So few were D. They were so few,B,C,4. Only after a baby seal is pushed into the sea by its mother _ to swim. A. how will it learn B. will it le

15、arn how C. it will learn how D. and it learns how 5. Not only _ a promise, but he also kept it. A. did he made B. he made C. did he make D. he makes,B,C,6. Nowhere in the world _ . A. travelers can buy so much beauty for so little as in Hawaii. B. no one can buy so much beauty for so little money as

16、 Hawaii. C. so much beauty can be bought for so little money in Hawaii. D. can travelers buy so much beauty for so little money as in Hawaii.,D,7. No sooner _ gone home than it began to rain heavily. A. had I B. have I C. I had D. I have 8. Not for a moment _ the truth of your story. A. he has doubted B. he doubts C. did he doubt D. he did doubt,A,C,9. _ succeed in doing anything. A. Only by working hard we can B. By only working hard we can C. Only by working hard can we D. Only we can work hard,C,10. Never b