中考英語(yǔ)形容詞和副詞考點(diǎn)歸納與例析

1、中考英語(yǔ)形容詞和副詞考點(diǎn)歸納與解析【重點(diǎn)講解】形容詞用來(lái)修飾名詞，說(shuō)明事物或人的性質(zhì)或特征。大多數(shù)形容詞有比較等級(jí)的變化，可分為原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)三種基本形式，用來(lái)表示事物的等級(jí)差別。副詞在句子中主要修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子。副詞按詞匯意義可分為方式副詞、程度副詞、地點(diǎn)副詞、時(shí)間副詞和頻度副詞等。分別用于表示狀態(tài)、程度、場(chǎng)所、時(shí)間。副詞也有比較等級(jí)的變化，其規(guī)則形式與形容詞的相同。掌握形容詞和副詞的基本用法要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1、有些形容詞加-ly可構(gòu)成副詞。但由名詞加-ly結(jié)尾的是形容詞，如 friendly，lovely， likely，lively等。2、形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)等級(jí)的

2、變化。1）規(guī)則變化： 單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞一般在詞尾加-er/ estsmallsmallersmallest; clevercleverercleverest 輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，把y變成i加-er / est:easyeasiereasiest; heavyheavierheaviest 詞尾以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)單詞，雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，然后加-er/ est:bigbiggerbiggest; hothotterhottest 多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞，在詞前加上more/ most:slowlymore slowlymost slowly;interestingmore inte

3、restingmost interesting2）不規(guī)則變化：原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good(好的)/ well(健康的)betterbestbad (壞的)/ ill(有病的)worseworstold (老的)older/elderoldest/eldestmuch/ many(多)moremostlittle(少) lessleastfar (遠(yuǎn))farther/furtherfarthest/furthest3、表示比較的幾種句型：句型1：“比較級(jí) + than ”，例如： You are taller than I. They lights in your room are brighte

4、r than those in mine.句型2：“as + 原級(jí) + as”，否定句中可用so as例如：Tom is as tall as his father.He cannot run so/as fast as you.句型3：“最高級(jí) + in/of”，例如：The Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world.Peter is the tallest player of the three.4、可修飾比較級(jí)的詞有much, even, far, still, rather, by far, a bit, a

5、little, a lot, a great deal等。例如：The sun is much bigger than the earth. 太陽(yáng)比地球大得多。He did his work far better than I. 他的工作做得比我好得多?！局锌兼溄印?. The teacher looked at her students_ when they were saved. We also felt_ for them. A. happily, happy B. happy, happily C. happy, happy D. happily, happily 答案：A。【解析】本

6、題考查形容詞和副詞的用法。第一句中l(wèi)ook at是短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，要用副詞happily來(lái)修飾。第二句felt是連系動(dòng)詞，連系動(dòng)詞后接形容詞happy作表語(yǔ)。故答案為A。2. This dish tastes_. Thank you. It _ by Mr. Smith. A. good; was cooked B. well; cooks C. bad; is cooked D. terrible; cooked 答案：A?！窘馕觥勘绢}考查形容詞作表語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。taste是連系動(dòng)詞,連系動(dòng)詞后應(yīng)接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，根據(jù)上下文，第一空應(yīng)該選good, the dish是在他們說(shuō)話之前做好的

7、，所以第二句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式，故選A。3_ good news it is! The panda are found alive after the earthquake. Its so_.A. What a, excited B. What, excitingC. How a, excited D. How, exciting 答案：B。【解析】開(kāi)頭一句是感嘆句，由于news是不可數(shù)名詞，第一空要填what。exciting在此作表語(yǔ)，意為“令人激動(dòng)的”。故選B。4. Traveling by plane is _ than traveling by train. Yes, but

8、 it is not so _ as traveling by train. A. quickly; cheaper B. more quick; cheaply C. quick; more cheap D. quicker; cheap 答案：D?！窘馕觥康谝痪涓鶕?jù)句意應(yīng)選用形容詞的比較級(jí)，quick是單音節(jié)的形容詞，所以在其后直接加-er。第二句是考查(not)soas句型的用法，在asas或(not)so as)句型中形容詞要用原級(jí)，故選D。5. Shall we go to the Hi-tech Fair at 9:00 tomorrow morning? Why not meet

9、 a little_? How about 8:30? A . more B. less C. later D. earlier 答案：D?！窘馕觥勘绢}考查副詞比較級(jí)的用法。根據(jù)句意，將見(jiàn)面的時(shí)間從9：00改為8：30，是提前了，所以選D。6. I think real cards are_ than e-cards. A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest 答案：B?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)句意，兩種卡片相比，應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級(jí)，故選B。7. How much money did you pay for the drink? None. It was_. A.

10、easy B. free C. cheap D. expensive 答案：B?！窘馕觥勘绢}要求根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)男稳菰~。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭的 “None”可看出“飲料不用付錢(qián)”，所以選答案B。8. Lets go to the new restaurant on the 24th Street for dinner tonight? We can cook it at home. Its_. A. expensive B. more expensive C. less expensive D. the most expensive 答案：C?！窘馕觥吭诩依镒鲲堃话銢](méi)有在餐館吃貴，所以選C。句意

11、為：“今晚我們?nèi)ザ奶?hào)街的新餐館吃晚餐，好嗎？”“我們?cè)诩易鲲埌?，這樣會(huì)花費(fèi)少些。” 9. Everyone likes Kevin because he talks to others_. A. friendly B. lovely C. politely D. luckily 答案：C?！窘馕觥勘绢}應(yīng)填副詞，作狀語(yǔ)。A和C是形容詞，D的意思不恰當(dāng)，故選C。句意為：人人都喜歡Kevin，因?yàn)樗苏f(shuō)話很有禮貌。 10. Daniel is a careful driver but he drives _ of my friends. A. more carefully B. the mos

12、t carefully C. less carefully D. the least carefully 答案：D?！窘馕觥勘绢}考查副詞最高級(jí)的用法。 根據(jù)句中表比較范圍的“of my friends”來(lái)判斷，應(yīng)該選副詞的最高級(jí)?？梢耘懦鼳和C。 “but”是表示轉(zhuǎn)折意思的連詞，因此排除B而選D。句意為“雖然Daniel是個(gè)謹(jǐn)慎的駕駛員，但在我的朋友中，他駕駛最不小心了。” 【習(xí)題精煉】1. The sun _ rises in the east. A. never B. sometimes C. always D. often2. I always listen to the teacher

13、_ in class. Its very clever of you to do that. A. free B. freely C. careful D. carefully 3. They could do the work better with _ money and _people. A. little, fewer B. fewer, less C. less, fewer D. less, few4. Monday is my_ day. A. the busiest B. busy C. busier D. busiest 5. Mr. Taylor, the bank man

14、ager often dresses more_ to get relaxed at the weekends. A . carefully B. normally C. casually D. particularly 6. Jenny, a man named Tom phoned you_. He asked you to call him back. A. now and then B. just now C. right now D. from now on 7. Tom is _of the two. A. the younger B. the youngest C. younge

15、r D. the young8. What _ news it was! Yes, all of the children were_. A. excited; exciting B. exciting; excitedC. exciting; exciting D. excited ; excited 9. The pianos in this shop are as _ as the ones in that shop. A. cheap B. cheapest C. cheaper D. the cheapest10. Its winter now. It is getting _.A.

16、 very cold and cold B. colder and colder C. more cold and cold D. coldest and coldest【答案詳解】1. 答案：C?！窘馕觥勘绢}考查頻度副詞的用法。頻度副詞表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率，always表示“總是”，often表示“經(jīng)?！?，sometimes表示“有時(shí)”，never表示“從不”。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選C。2. 答案：D?！窘馕觥俊奥?tīng)老師講”要用副詞修飾，所以排除A和C。freely意為“自由地”，用在此處不恰當(dāng)，故選D。Carefully是副詞。句意是：“課堂上我總是認(rèn)真地聽(tīng)老師講課?！薄澳隳菢幼鍪呛苊髦堑?。” 3. 答

17、案：C?！窘馕觥啃稳菰~little修飾不可數(shù)名詞，而few修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，所以只能用little修飾money，而用few修飾people。句中存在比較的含義，所以要用little和few的比較級(jí)的形式。4. 答案：D?！窘馕觥勘绢}考查形容詞比較等級(jí)的用法。句中雖然沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)相比較的對(duì)象，但從句首的Monday可以看出，是將這一天與一周中的其它幾天相比。根據(jù)題意應(yīng)選形容詞的最高級(jí)。形容詞最高級(jí)前有物主代詞修飾時(shí)，不可加定冠詞the, 所以排除A，選D。5. 答案：C?！窘馕觥緾arefully表示“仔細(xì)地”；normally表示“正常地”；casually表示“隨便地”；particularly表示“獨(dú)特地、顯著地”。根據(jù)意思來(lái)判斷應(yīng)該選C。句意為：“銀行經(jīng)理泰勒先生經(jīng)常在周末的時(shí)候穿得很隨便，使自己感到輕松。6. 答案：B?！窘馕觥勘绢}考查副詞的用法。四個(gè)表示時(shí)間的副詞中，只有just now可用于過(guò)去時(shí)，其他都是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。Now and then表示“偶爾”，right now表示“馬上”from now on表示“從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始”。故選B。7答案：A。【解析】本題考查形容詞比較級(jí)的用法。當(dāng)表示“兩者中較.”的時(shí)候，要用“the + 比較級(jí)”的形式，此處的the是特指。8. 答案：B?！窘馕觥縠xciting的意思是“令人