新概念英語_第冊_第課_Lesson_4__ppt課件.ppt

1、Lesson 4,Travel,An exciting trip,1,Have you ever been abroad?,Have you heard of Australia?,What did you know about Australia?,2,Austalia,3,I.Key words exciting, receive, firm, different II.Key structures The present perfect simple現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),key points,4,New words and expressions,5,exciting adj. 令人興奮的 rec

2、eive v. 接受，收到 firm n. 商行，公司 different adj. 不同的 centre n. 中心 abroad adv. 在國外,【New words and expressions】生詞和短語,6,Language points,1. I have just received a letter from my brother.,收到某人來信,2.He is working for a big firm.,get a letter from sb. have a letter from sb. hear from sb.,在上班、任職,還可以用work at/in,e.g

3、.My father works for a business company.,7,3. he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia.,a number of+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，number前一般 可用large, great, small等形容詞強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量大小。,8,My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.,abroad adv. 在國外（副詞, 直接和動(dòng)詞連用） go ab

4、road 去國外 live abroad 國外定居,exciting,adj. 令人興奮的,excited 感到興奮的,-ed自己感到 interested, bored, relaxed -ing令人感到interesting,boring,relaxing,9,Language points,4. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs.,He has gone to the south.(還在) He has been to the south.(去過),5. He is finding thi

5、s trip very exciting.,find+n+adj.覺得怎么樣,e.g.I find the film boring. Do you find the book very interesting?,10,Listen and follow,11,1. How long has Tim been in Australia?,Listen and answer the question.,Tim has been in Australia for six months.,2. What does he do in Australia?,He is working for a big

6、firm as an engineer.,3. Why is Tim finding the trip exciting?,Because Tim has never been abroad before. This is his first trip abroad.,12,Summary writing,Answer these questions in not more than 50 words.,What has the writer just received from his brother? 2. Is Tim an engineer, or is he a doctor? 3.

7、 How long has he been in Australia? 4. Has he already visited many places or not? 5. Where is he now? 6. Has Tim ever been abroad before or not? 7. Is he enjoying his trip very much or not?,13,Summary writing,The writer has just received a letter from his brother, Tim. Tim is an engineer. He has bee

8、n in Australia for six months. He has already visited many places. Now he is in Alice Springs. Tim has never been abroad before. He is enjoying his trip very much.,14,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),Winter has already come.,Grammar,15,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成形式,have done has,助動(dòng)詞,過去分詞,Grammar,16,用來表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去,但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在。 They have left. -他

9、們已經(jīng)離開了,也就是說現(xiàn)在他們?nèi)瞬辉谶@里 I have had my lunch. -我已經(jīng)吃過午飯了,也就是說我現(xiàn)在不餓,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義,也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 He has learned English since 2001. -從2001年開始學(xué)的,現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù)學(xué)著呢,17,sum up,一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),1)構(gòu)成,肯定句：主語+have/has+過去分詞+其它,否定句：主語+have/has not+過去分詞+其它,疑問句：Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其它,He has been to Australia.,He has not been to Australia.,

10、Has he been to Australia?,18,now,past,future,一般過去時(shí),一般過去時(shí)表示的是純粹在過去發(fā)生的事情 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的是在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作/狀態(tài),或者發(fā)生在過去卻對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響,Grammar,19,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的比較,1）一般過去時(shí)表示過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作； 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。,I saw this film yesterday. （強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過了。） I have seen this film. (強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。）

11、,20,參考譯文 我剛剛收到弟弟蒂姆的來信，他正在澳大利亞。他在那兒已經(jīng)住了6個(gè)月了。蒂姆是個(gè)工程師，正在為一家大公司工作，并且已經(jīng)去過澳大利亞的不少地方了。他剛買了一輛澳大利亞小汽車，現(xiàn)在去了澳大利亞中部的小鎮(zhèn)艾利斯斯普林斯。他不久還將到達(dá)爾文去，從那里，他再飛往珀斯。我弟弟以前從未出過國，因此，他覺得這次旅行非常激動(dòng)人心。,21,Thank you!,22,23,2一般過去時(shí)常與具體的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用; 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊時(shí)間狀語連用或無時(shí)間狀語。,一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語: yesterday, last week，ago, in1990, in October, just now,

12、 - 具體的時(shí)間狀語現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語: for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past few years, recently, -模糊的時(shí)間狀語,句子中如有過去時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時(shí)，不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，要用過去時(shí) 錯(cuò)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. 對(duì)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.,Gram

13、mar,24,3現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),動(dòng)詞一般是延續(xù)性的,如live,teach,learn,work,study, know. 一般過去時(shí)常用的非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。,She joined the League three years ago. (加入的動(dòng)作不是延續(xù)的) She has been in the League for three years (since three years ago).(在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)) She has been a League

14、 member for three years (since three years ago).(是團(tuán)員的狀態(tài)可持續(xù)),Grammar,25,延續(xù)動(dòng)詞表示經(jīng)驗(yàn)、經(jīng)歷； 瞬間動(dòng)詞表示行為的結(jié)果,不能與表示一段 時(shí)間的狀語連用。,比較延續(xù)動(dòng)詞與瞬間動(dòng)詞,He has finished the work.他已完成了那項(xiàng)工作。 (表結(jié)果)Ive known him since then.我從那時(shí)起就認(rèn)識(shí)他了。(表經(jīng)歷),Grammar,26,since 用來說明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間 “自從” for用來說明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間長度 “長達(dá)” I have lived here for more than twenty

15、 years.I have lived here since I was born.My aunt has worked in a company since 1949. I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.,比較since和for,并非有for 作為時(shí)間狀語的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) I worked here for more than twenty years. (我現(xiàn)在已不在這里工作。) I have worked here for many years. (現(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作。),Grammar,27,He has gone to

16、Shanghai. 他(已經(jīng))去上海了。,He has been to Shanghai. 他(曾經(jīng)) 去過上海。,比較 have/has been to , have/has gone to,Grammar,28,He died 10 years ago. - He _ _ _ for 10 years / since 10 years ago. 2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He _ _ the book for 2 weeks. 3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. -He _ _ the moto

17、rbike for a month. 4. He arrived here three days ago. - He _ _ here since three days ago. 5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago. - The light _ _ _ for 2 hours. 6. He left here 2 years ago. - He _ _ _ from here for 2 years. 7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The film _ _ _ for 30 minutes. 8. They

18、 opened the door an hour ago. - The door _ _ _ for an hour. 9. They closed the door an hour ago. - The door _ _ _ for an hour. 10. He joined the army last year. - He _ _ a _ for a year. - He _ _ _ the army for a year. - It _ a year _ he joined the army.,延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和瞬間性動(dòng)詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)化,Exercise,29,sum up,2)用法,1.過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。常與表示時(shí)間的副詞連用，如yet, just, before, recently, ever, never等。,e.g. We have ju