【畢業(yè)論文】熱水鍋爐設(shè)計(jì).doc

哈爾濱理工大學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位論文-I-論文題目-SHL7.0-1.0/95/70-A熱水鍋爐設(shè)計(jì)摘要鍋爐作為一種能源轉(zhuǎn)換設(shè)備，在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。它通過(guò)煤、石油或天然氣的燃燒放出的化學(xué)能，并通過(guò)傳熱把熱量傳遞給水，使水加熱（或變成蒸氣），熱水直供給工業(yè)生產(chǎn)和民用生活、供暖，所以鍋爐的主要任務(wù)是：把燃料中的化學(xué)能最有效的轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闊崮?。本次的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的題目是SHL7.0-1.0/95/70-A，屬于水管式自然循環(huán)鍋爐。設(shè)計(jì)本著鍋爐運(yùn)行的安全性和可靠性為首要設(shè)計(jì)特性的準(zhǔn)則。綜合考慮燃燒，傳熱，煙氣和空氣以及工質(zhì)的動(dòng)力特性以及磨損和腐蝕。在鍋爐設(shè)計(jì)的過(guò)程中，主要考慮的因素是保證爐內(nèi)著火，爐膛內(nèi)有足夠的輻射熱量，煤的燃盡程度以及合理的煙氣速度和排煙溫度。同時(shí)，還要確保有一定的氣密性以保證爐膛內(nèi)進(jìn)行負(fù)壓燃燒。在整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中作為技術(shù)支持進(jìn)行了熱力計(jì)算、強(qiáng)度計(jì)算和煙風(fēng)阻力計(jì)算。其中熱力計(jì)算包括爐膛、燃盡室、鍋爐管束、省煤氣，空氣預(yù)熱器。為了使小型鍋爐的結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，大部分受熱面都布置在爐膛內(nèi)。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)，鍋爐出口布置燃盡室達(dá)到飛灰和降塵作用；由于工作壓力低，容易產(chǎn)生煙氣側(cè)的酸腐蝕和鍋內(nèi)的氧腐蝕，所以采用鑄鐵省煤器，來(lái)達(dá)到降低排煙溫度的要求。利用CAD,完成了鍋爐總圖、爐墻圖、上鍋筒展開(kāi)圖、本體圖。關(guān)鍵詞熱力計(jì)算；強(qiáng)度計(jì)算；煙風(fēng)阻力計(jì)算哈爾濱理工大學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位論文-II-DesignofSHL7-1.0/95/70-PboilerAbstractBoilersasanenergyconversionequipment,inindustrialproductionhasbeenwidelyused.Itdoesthisbycoal,oilornaturalgascombustionreleaseofchemicalenergy,andheattheheattransferthroughthewater,thewaterheating(orintosteam),hotwaterdirectsupplytotheindustrialproductionandcivillife,heating,sothemainboilermandate:tofuelthechemicalenergyintoheatenergythemosteffective.Thegraduationprojecttopicisshl7.0-1.0/95/70-a,belongingtothenaturalcirculationwatertubeboiler.Boilerdesigninlinewiththesafetyandreliabilityoftheprimarydesignfeaturesoftheguidelines.Consideringcombustion,heattransfer,gasandairaswellasdynamicpropertiesofworkingfluidsandwearandcorrosion.Intheboilerdesignprocess,themainconsiderationistoensurethatthefurnacefire,furnaceheatradiationsufficientcoalburnoutdegreeandareasonablespeedandexhaustgastemperature.Atthesametime,makesurethereisacertaindegreeofairtightnesstoensurenegativepressurewithinthecombustionchamber.Throughoutthedesignprocessasatechnicalsupportforthethermodynamiccalculation,calculationofstrengthandwindresistancecalculationsmoke.Thermalcalculationwhichincludesthefurnace,burnroom,boilertubes,theprovincialgas.Forsmallboilers,compactstructure,mostoftheheatingsurfacearearrangedinthefurnace.Accordingtothestructure,boilersburnroomlayoutexporttotheroleofflyashanddust；Duetothelowpressure,pronetocorrosionandacidgassideofthepotofoxygenerosion,socastironeconomizer,reducingtheexhaustgastemperaturerequirements.UseofCAD,tocompletethetotalFigureboiler,furnacewallchart,the哈爾濱理工大學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位論文-III-drumexpansionplan,bodyplan.Keywordsthermodynamiccalculation；strengthcalculation；smokewindresistancecalculation哈爾濱理工大學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位論文-IV-目錄摘要.錯(cuò)誤!未找到引用源。Abstract.第1章緒論.1第2章鍋爐方案設(shè)計(jì)及結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)介.22.1方案論證.22.2設(shè)計(jì)鍋爐結(jié)構(gòu)及特性：.42.2.1鍋爐各部分結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)如下：.52.2.2鍋爐特性:.7第3章熱力計(jì)算.83.1鍋爐規(guī)范、輔助計(jì)算及熱平衡計(jì)算.83.1.1設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù).83.1.2燃料特性.83.1.3輔助計(jì)算.83.2各部分熱力計(jì)算.133.2.1爐膛計(jì)算.錯(cuò)誤!未定義書(shū)簽。3.2.2燃盡室計(jì)算.173.2.3鍋爐管束.203.2.4省煤器計(jì)算.223.2.5空氣預(yù)熱器計(jì)算.243.3熱力計(jì)算的誤差校核.263.4熱力計(jì)算結(jié)果匯總表.263.5本章小結(jié).27第4章強(qiáng)度計(jì)算.284.1上鍋筒強(qiáng)度計(jì)算.284