高考英語復習——定語從句.ppt

The Attributive Clause,學習方法指導,概念：,用一個句子放在一個名詞或代詞的后面作定語。 She is the girl whom I am looking for.,先行詞,關(guān)系代詞,This is the village where she grew up.,先行詞,關(guān)系副詞,一、引導定語從句的關(guān)系詞,指代人 who，whom，that 指代事物 which，that 所屬關(guān)系whose，of which，of whom 指地點 where 指時間 when 指原因 why,關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：,何時可以省略？,關(guān)系代詞（副詞）在定從中的成份： 1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. 2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. 3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. 4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday.,5. His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone whose family was poor. 6. I like the person to whom you just talked. 7. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together. 8. We shall never the days when we lived together.,一、關(guān)系詞選擇的步驟,第一步：先判斷是什么從句 一般定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)是 “先行詞+關(guān)系代/副詞+從句”。 (牢固樹立這一概念后，可減少很多不該出現(xiàn)的錯誤。),第二步：是關(guān)系代詞，還是關(guān)系副詞 關(guān)鍵是 如何選擇關(guān)系詞。,方法一 依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分 關(guān)系代詞(that， which，who，whom等)主要用作主語和賓語； 關(guān)系副詞(when， where，why)主要用作狀語； 作定語時用whose。,方法二： 完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。 及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞； 而不及物動詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。,This is the village where I stayed last year. This is the mountain village which/that I visited last year.,第三步：看先行詞 如選擇關(guān)系代詞：是人還是物 如選擇關(guān)系副詞：地點 時間 原因（reason),是用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞 1May 1 is the day _Ill never forget 2May 1 is the day_we spent together 3May 1 is the day _I joined the army Athat /which Bwhen,誤：This is the house where we lived in last year,正：This is the house whichthat we lived in last year 譯：這是我們?nèi)ツ曜∵^的那個房子。,定語從句中的關(guān)系副詞,when, where, why,Ill never forget the day when I joined the league.,on which,where在定語從句中作地點狀語，相當于“介詞+ 關(guān)系代詞（which） This is the house where I lived two years ago.,in which,Do you know the reason why she was late.,for which,“of + which/whom”可用來限定名詞、代詞、分數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞等。 e.g. 1. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom,二、考點：介詞+關(guān)系代詞,1 . 根據(jù)從句中動詞或形容詞與介詞的習慣搭配，如： e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im sure.,關(guān)系代詞前介詞的確定,The girl _ which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. He is the man _ whom I think you can depend .,for,on,He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar. Dolphins might be trained to cooperate with fishermen and help them by finding or even catching fish, _ all of which activities dolphins are expert.,with,in,2.根據(jù)從句中動詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系，請體會： e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?,3. 根據(jù)先行詞與介詞的搭配習慣，請體會： e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.,The rate _ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased. This is our classroom ,_which there is a teachers desk.,at,in the front of,1. The sun gives us heat and light, _ which we cant live. 2. The student _ whom we were talking just now is the best student in our class. 3. Ill never forget the day _ which she said good-bye to me. 4. Who can give me the reason _ which he hasnt turned up yet?,without,about,on,for,三.非限制性定與從句中，要表示先行詞的一部分時，可用“名詞/數(shù)詞/代詞 + of + which/whom ”的結(jié)構(gòu)，如： e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two-thirds of whom have been to Beijing.,The committee consists of 20 members,5 of _ are women. The book contains 50 poems, most of _ was written in 1930s. There are two left, one of _ is almost finished ,and the other of _ is not quite. I have a sentence , the meaning of _ I dont understand.,whom,which,which,which,which,名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞+ of +which/whom,四. Whose從句可轉(zhuǎn)換為“ of +關(guān)系代詞”型，如： e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south.,They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south. They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.,There are 20 students in this class, _ are different. A.whose backgrounds B.the backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose,五.主語和謂語一致 1、關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中主語，其謂語動詞與先行詞保持一致。例如： The boy who is standing at the door is my son.,2、在one of the +復數(shù)名詞+定語從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，復數(shù)名詞是先行詞，關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語，其謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。例如： This is one of the best books