英語介詞in、on、at等的用法大全.doc

英語介詞in、on、at等的用法大全“表時間的介詞at、on、in到底怎么用？”，今天接著跟大家分享這三個介詞表時間的用法。一、at1、表示時刻，即幾點幾分（with particular points on the clock）Ill see youat five oclock. （我五點和你見面。）2、表示一天中的某個時間段（with particular points in the day）The helicopter took offat middayand headed for the island. （直升機中午起飛，飛往那個島嶼。）3、表示一周中的某個時間段，即工作日（weekday）和周末（weekend）（with particular points in the week）What are you doingat the weekend?4、表示某種特殊場合，如名字中不含day的節(jié)假日（with special celebrations）At the New Year, millions of people travel home to be with their families（到了新年，成百上千萬的人會回到家里和家人團聚。）例外情況：如果是說在生日那天，不用at，而用on，因為生日那天是指具體日期，請往下參考on的用法。【注意】如果是用what time來提問，what time前面一般不用at。如：What time are you leaving? （你幾點走？） 但是在口語中也可以這么問：At what time are you leaving?二、on1、用在日期前（with dates）We moved into this houseon 2 October 1997. （我們是1997年10月2日搬進這棟房子的。）2、用在星期的單數(shù)前（with a singular day of the week to refer to one occasion）Ive got to go to Londonon Friday. （我周五就到倫敦了。）3、用在星期的復數(shù)前（with a plural day of the week to refer to repeated events）The office is closedon Fridays. （辦公室周五是關門的。）特殊情況：口語中有時會省略on，如：Do you workSaturdays? （你周六上班的嗎？）4、用在特殊日子前（with special dates）What do you normally doon your birthday? （你生日那天一般都做些什么？）三、in1、用在一天中的某個時間段前，一般為固定用法（with parts of the day）Ill come and see youin the morningfor a cup of coffee. （我上午來看你，一起喝杯咖啡。）2、用在月份前（with months）We usually go campingin July or August. （我們常在7月或8月份去露營。）3、用在年份前（with years）The house was builtin 1835. （這座房子是1835年造好的。）4、用在季節(jié)前（with seasons）The garden is wonderfulin the springwhen all the flowers come out. （春天里，當所有的花兒都開放時，花園很漂亮。）5、用在較長的時間段前（with long periods of time）The population of Europe doubledin the nineteenth century. （十九世紀時期，歐洲人口翻了一倍。）6、用在一段時間前面（ to say how long it takes someone to do something）He was such a clever musician. He could learn a songin about five minutes. （他是個很聰明的音樂家，他可以在約5分鐘內(nèi)學會一首歌。）7、用在“in+一段時間+s+time”結構中，表示將來時間，如in a years time和in two months time（with -s construction to say when something will happen）I wont say goodbye because well be seeing each other againin three days time. （我不跟你告別了，因為三天后我們就會再見面的。）【注意】上面這句話中的in three days time 也可以用in three days。注意對比下面這個句子：He ran the marathonin six hours and 20 minutes. （他在馬拉松比賽中用時6個小時20分鐘。）四、特殊情況1、at or on?當籠統(tǒng)指代假期或周末時，用at；當特指某個具體的假期或周末時，用on。如：We never go awayat the New Yearbecause the traffic is awful. （新年我們從不出門，因為路上太堵了。）On New Years Day, the whole family gets together. （在元旦那天，整個家人會團聚在一起。）Ill go and see my motherat the weekendif the weathers okay. （周末如果天氣好，我會去看望我母親。）The folk festival is always heldon the last weekend in July. （這個民間節(jié)日總是在7月的最后一個周末舉行。）注意：美語里用的更多的是：on the weekend。2、in or on?當要表示籠統(tǒng)表示一天中的時間段morning、afternoon、evening和night時，一般用in，而且后面要加定冠詞the；當表示具體某個時間段時，要用on。如：I always work bestin the morning. I often get tiredin the afternoon. （我上午的工作效率總是最好的，下午經(jīng)常覺得疲倦。）The ship left the harbouron the morning of the ninth of November. （輪船在11月9日的早上離開了港口。）In the eveningthey used to sit outside and watch the sun going down. （他們過去經(jīng)常在傍晚坐在外面看日落。）It happenedon a beautiful summers evening. （這件事情發(fā)生在一個美麗的夏日傍晚時分。）【注意】對于night，如果是籠統(tǒng)地講，就用at night，中間不插入任何成分；如果是特指某個夜晚，一般用in the night。如：I was awakein the night, thinking about all the things that have happened. （夜里我醒了過來，一直想著發(fā)生的事情。）Its not safe to travelat night, the officer said. （警官說道：“夜里出行不安全?！保?、at the end or in the end?at the end后面一般要接of，表示“在.末”；in the end一般作為固定短語，后面不再接成分，表示“最后”。如：At the endof the film, everyone was crying. （電影快結束時，每個人都在哭。）I looked everywhere for the book but couldnt find it, soin the endI bought a new copy. （我到處找書，但還是找不到，所以最后就買了本新的了。）4、at the beginning or in the beginning?與end的用法相似，at the beginning后面一般要接of，表示“在.開始”；in the beginning一般作為固定短語，后面不再接成分，表示“剛開始”。如：At the beginningof every lesson, the teacher told the children a little story. （每節(jié)課一開始，老師都會給孩子們講個小故事。）In the beginning, nobody understood what was happening, but after she explained everything very carefully, things were much clearer. （一開始，大家都不知道發(fā)生了什么事情，但是經(jīng)過她仔細解釋之后，一切都明白了。）5、不用at、on、in的情況如果時間前面有each、every,next、last、some、this、that、one、any和all等詞時，就不用表時間的介詞了。如：He plays footballevery Saturday. （他每周六都踢足球。）Are you free at two oclocknext Monday? （你下周二兩點有空嗎？）Last summerwe rented a villa in Portugal. （去年夏天，我們在葡萄牙租了一棟別墅。）表地點的介詞at、on、in到底怎么用？一、at1、用在表示地域面積不大的某個點的地方（如飯桌旁、電影院、車站、機場等）前（to refer to a position or location which we see as a point）I was sittingatmy desk. (當時我正坐在課桌旁。)2、用在公司名稱（側重表達的是工作的單位，而不是工作地點）前（to talk about locations at companies, workplaces when we see them as a place of activity）How many people are workingatMicrosoft? (有多人在微軟工作？)3、用在很多人參與的活動場合前（to refer to activities which involve a group of people）Were youatLisas party/the cinema/the theatre? (你當時在麗莎的聚會上/電影院里/劇院里嗎？)4、用在學校前（with school/college/university）She always did wellatschool. (她在學校表現(xiàn)一直很好。)5、用在具體地址、某人家里前（to refer to an address or someones house)They once livedatnumber 12 South Georges Street. (他們曾經(jīng)住在南喬治街12號。)6、用在公共服務場所（to talk about public places where we get treatments, such as a hairdressers or doctors surgery）I cant meet at four. Ill beatthe hairdressers until five. (四點我無法跟你碰面。我在美發(fā)店要呆到五點。)7、用在大部分商店前（to refer to most shops）Look what I boughtatthe butchers today. (看看我今天在肉店都買了些什么。)8、用在旅途中經(jīng)過的地點前（to refer to a place which is a part of our journey）We stopped at a very nice village. (我們途經(jīng)一個很漂亮的村莊。)9、用在不含day的節(jié)假日前（to refer to a holiday without “day” in its name）People will always enjoy a big dinner at Christmas. (人們在圣誕節(jié)總會享用一頓大餐。)【特殊用法】at home - at work-at the seaside - at sea (on a voyage) - at reception - at the corner of a street - at the back / front of a building / group of people, etc. - arrive at small places or some events二、on1、用在任何物體或地點的表面前（to refer to a position on any surface）I know I left my walletonthe table. (我知道我把錢包落在桌子上了。)2、用在道路和河海湖前（to describe a position along a road or river or by the sea or by a lake）Dublin isonthe east coast of Ireland. (都柏林位于愛爾蘭的東部海岸。)3、用在建筑物的樓層前（to talk about a floor in a building）They liveonthe 15th floor. (他們住在15樓。)4、用在公共交通工具前（to talk about being physically on public transport）I wasonthe train when she phoned. (她給我打電話時，我在火車上。)注意：當我們描述旅游時選擇的交通工具時，一般用by，如：He went to Paris by air. (他坐飛機去了巴黎。) 但是，如果要表達走路，則用on foot。5、用在小島前（with small islands）She spent her holiday on a small island. (她在一個小島上度的假。)【特殊用法】on the left - on the right - on the way - on holiday - on the radio - on television - on a horse - on the back / front of a letter / piece of paper etc.三、in1、用在某個地方的內(nèi)部前（to talk about locations within a larger area）I know my book is somewhereinthis room. Can anyone see it? (我知道我的書就在這個房間的什么地方。有誰看到嗎？)2、用在物理意義上的工作地點前（to talk about workplaces when we see them as a physical location）She worksinan open-plan office. (她在一個開敞式的辦公室里工作。)注意：當表示農(nóng)場（farm）時，一般用on，如：Ive always wanted to work on a farm. (我一直想在農(nóng)場里工作。)3、用在class前（with class）He found it difficult to concentrateinclass. (他覺得很難在課上集中注意力。)4、用在國家、城市、縣鎮(zhèn)或其他地域前（with countries, cities, counties, towns or places as such)They live in New York. (他們住在紐約。)【特殊用法】in the newspaper - in bed - in hospital - in prison - in the street - in the sky - in an armchair (sit) - in a photograph - in a picture - in a mirror - in the corner of a room - in the back / front of a car - arrive in a country or town圖解新概念英語語法之介詞介詞作為所有詞類中使用面較廣的詞類，在用法上較難歸類，因為介詞很多時候都是因為約定俗成，跟形容詞、副詞和動詞等形成了諸多固定的搭配用法，很難找出規(guī)律性的內(nèi)容，所以對于學習者來說，介詞的學習和掌握更多的是要靠不斷地識記和積累。1 表時間1.1 in表示較長時間，如世紀、朝代、時代、年、季節(jié)、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。如：in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in the morning, in ones life , in ones thirties。1.2 on表示具體某一天及其早、中、晚。如：on May 1st, on Monday, on New Years Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。1.3 at表示某一時刻或較短暫的時間，或泛指圣誕節(jié)，復活節(jié)等。如：at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of , at the age of , at Christ