2003年10月自學(xué)考試現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)試題.doc

自考網(wǎng)絡(luò)培訓(xùn)班(/zk/kc/)-精品課程在線免費試聽聯(lián)展自考網(wǎng)(/zk/ks/)-中國最好的自考輔導(dǎo)資料網(wǎng)站全國2003年10月高等教育自學(xué)考試現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)試題課程代碼：00830I.Directions:Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(2%10=20%)1.Linguisticsisthescientificstudyof_.A.aparticularlanguageB.theEnglishlanguageC.humanlanguagesingeneralD.thesystemofaparticularlanguage2.TheconsonantfinEnglishcanbecorrectlydescribedashavingthefollowingphoneticfeatures:_.A.voiceless,bilabial,stopB.voiceless,labiodental,fricativeC.voiced,bilabial,stopD.voiced,labiodental,fricative3.Therearedifferenttypesofaffixesormorphemes.Theaffix“ed”intheword“l(fā)earned”isknownasa(n)_.A.derivationalmorphemeB.freemorphemeC.inflectionalmorphemeD.freeform4.Inthephrasestructurerule“SNPVP”,thearrowcanbereadas_.A.isequaltoB.consistsofC.hasD.generates5.“Iboughtsomeroses”_“Iboughtsomeflowers”.A.entailsB.presupposesC.isinconsistentwithD.issynonymouswith6.Ysutteranceinthefollowingconversationexchangeviolatesthemaximof_.X:Whowasthatyouwerewithlastnight?Y:Didyouknowthatyouwerewearingoddsocks?A.qualityB.quantityC.relationD.manner7.Changesinalanguagearechangesinthegrammarofthespeakersofthelanguage.Thismeansthatphonemes,_,wordsandgrammaticalrulesmaybeborrowed,added,lostoraltered.A.phrasesB.sentencesC.morphemesD.utterances8.Inaspeechcommunitypeoplehavesomethingincommon_-alanguageoraparticularvarietyoflanguageandrulesforusingit.A.sociallyB.linguisticallyC.culturallyD.pragmatically9.Whichofthemajormentalfunctionslistedbelowisnotunderthecontrolofthelefthemisphereinmostpeople?_.A.languageandspeechB.visualandspatialskills自考網(wǎng)絡(luò)培訓(xùn)班(/zk/kc/)-精品課程在線免費試聽聯(lián)展自考網(wǎng)(/zk/ks/)-中國最好的自考輔導(dǎo)資料網(wǎng)站C.readingandwritingD.analyticreasoning10.Ingeneral,the_stagebeginsroughlyinthesecondhalfofthechildssecondyear.A.babblingB.one-wordC.two-wordD.multiword.Directions:Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinONEwordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1%10=10%)11.Asthefirststepoftheirscientificinvestigationoflanguage,linguistshavetoobserveandcollectlinguisticfbeforetheycandoanythingelse.12.Phonologicalrulesthatgovernthecombinationofsoundsinaparticularlanguagearecalledsrules.13.Anindependentunitofmeaningthatcanbeusedfreelybyitselfiscalledaf_morpheme.14.Acsentencecontainstwoclausesjoinedbyalinkingword,suchas“and”,“but”,“or”.15.Thestudyofthelinguisticmeaningofwords,phrases,andsentencesiscalleds.16.Inmakingconversation,thegeneralprinciplethatallparticipantsareexpectedtoobserveiscalledtheCprincipleproposedbyJ.Grice.17.Inadditiontosocialchanges,oneofthemostpervasivesourcesoflanguagechangeseemstobethecontinualprocessofculturaltacrossgenerations.18.Languageitselfisnotsexist,butitsusemayreflectthesattitudeconnotedinthelanguagethatissexist.19.Whenlanguageandthoughtareidenticalorcloselyparalleltoeachother,wemayregardthoughtas“sspeech,”andspeechas“overtthought.”Insuchacase,speakingandthinkingtakeplacesimultaneously.20.IisthelanguagethatalearnerconstructsatagivenstageofSLA.Directions:Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.(2%10=20%)21.()Animportantdifferencebetweentraditionalgrammariansandmodernlinguistsintheirstudyoflanguageisthattheformertendedtoover-emphasizethewrittenformoflanguageandencouragepeopletoimitatethe“bestauthors”forlanguageusage.22.()InclassifyingtheEnglishconsonantsandvowels,thesamecriteriacanbeapplied.23.()Wecanalwaystellbythewordsacompoundcontainswhatitmeansbecausethemeaningofacompoundisalwaysthesumofthemeaningsofitsparts.24.()Phrasestructurerulescangenerateaninfinitenumberofsentencesandsentenceswithinfinitelength,duetotheirrecursiveproperites.25.()Theconceptualistviewofmeaningholdsthatthereisnodirectlinkbetweenasymbolandreference,i.e.betweenlanguageandthought.自考網(wǎng)絡(luò)培訓(xùn)班(/zk/kc/)-精品課程在線免費試聽聯(lián)展自考網(wǎng)(/zk/ks/)-中國最好的自考輔導(dǎo)資料網(wǎng)站26.()Oftheviewsconcerningthestudyofsemantics,thecontextualview,whichplacesthestudyofmeaninginthecontextinwhichlanguageisused,isoftenconsideredastheinitialefforttostudymeaninginapragmaticsense.27.()Infirstlanguageacquisitionchildrensgrammarmodelsexactlyafterthegrammarofadultlanguage.28.()Thesentences“Hecrazy”and“Hebesickallthetime”arebothacceptableinBlackEnglishvernacularbecausecopuladeletionandhabitualbearetwofamousfeaturesofBlackEnglish.29.()Speakersofdifferentlanguagesarecapableofdistinguishingandrecognizingexperiencesofthesameobjectiveworldaccordingtotheirrespectivedifferentlinguisticcodingsystem.30.()Instructionandcorrectionarekeyfactorsinchildlanguagedevelopment.Directions:Explainthefollowingterms,usingoneortwoexamplesforillustration.(3%10=30%)31.synchroniclinguistics32.displacement33.aminimalpair34.derivationalaffixes35.syntax36.languagetransfer37.hyponymy38.sentencemeaning39.