最新四、六級(jí)學(xué)習(xí)資料 真題閱讀長(zhǎng)難句分析+譯文.doc

最新四、六級(jí)學(xué)習(xí)資料真題閱讀長(zhǎng)難句分析+譯文1. For hundreds of millions of years, turtles (海龜) have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy beaches, long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them, or GPS satellites and marine biologists to track them, or volunteers to handcarry the hatchlings (幼龜) down to the waters edge lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead. (2010年6月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主架為 turtles have struggled。For hundreds of millions of years 為介詞短語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。before 為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，該從句采用的是there be結(jié)構(gòu)，主語(yǔ)為or連接的三個(gè)名詞（詞組）：natural documentaries，GPS satellites and marine biologists和volunteers，主語(yǔ)后的不定式均為主語(yǔ)的后置定語(yǔ)。lest“以免”引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，采用虛擬語(yǔ)氣?！咀g文】數(shù)百萬(wàn)年以來(lái)，海龜們都掙扎著從海里爬出來(lái)，到沙灘上產(chǎn)卵，那時(shí)候還沒(méi)有自然紀(jì)錄片來(lái)記錄它們的活動(dòng)，沒(méi)有GPS衛(wèi)星和海洋生物學(xué)家跟蹤它們，沒(méi)有志愿者用手把小海龜放到水邊以防它們被桅燈搞得迷失方向而爬向旅館的停車場(chǎng)。2. The figures prompted Oceana to petition the government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from “threatened” to “endangered” meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help. (2010年6月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主架為T(mén)he figures prompted Oceana。to petition the government為不定式作prompted的狀語(yǔ)，to upgrade the level of protection 為不定式作petition的狀語(yǔ)。they are in danger help作meaning的賓語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于省略了引導(dǎo)詞that的賓語(yǔ)從句?！咀g文】這些數(shù)字迫使Oceana向政府請(qǐng)求將對(duì)北大西洋大海龜?shù)谋Ｗo(hù)程度由“受到威脅”提升到“瀕臨滅絕”，這意味著如果沒(méi)有額外的保護(hù)，它們將面臨消失的危險(xiǎn)。3. But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness, and a report by the Fish and Wildlife Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic sea turtles, notably loggerheads, which can grow to as much as 400 pounds. (2009年6月)【分析】本句為并列復(fù)合句，主架為Nature is indifferent and a report showed a drop。But表轉(zhuǎn)折。by the Fish and Wildlife Service為介詞短語(yǔ)作report的后置定語(yǔ)。which can grow to as much as 400 pounds為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾loggerheads。be indifferent to意為“對(duì)無(wú)動(dòng)于衷”。a drop in指“在方面下降”?！咀g文】但是大自然對(duì)人們的平等觀念卻漠不關(guān)心，漁業(yè)和野生動(dòng)物服務(wù)組織的一項(xiàng)報(bào)告顯示，北大西洋好幾種海龜?shù)臄?shù)量都在令人擔(dān)憂地下降，尤其是一種能夠長(zhǎng)到400磅重的大海龜。4. The narrow strips of beach on which the turtles lay their eggs are being squeezed on one side by development and on the other by the threat of rising sea levels as the oceans warm. (2009年6月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主架為 beach are being squeezed。on which eggs為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾beach。squeezed后接了兩個(gè)由on one side and on the other結(jié)構(gòu)連接的狀語(yǔ)：by development和by the threat。of rising sea levels為介詞短語(yǔ)作threat的后置定語(yǔ)。as the oceans warm為原因狀語(yǔ)從句。【譯文】一方面是人類的開(kāi)發(fā)，另一方面是海平面因海水變暖而上升，使得海龜們產(chǎn)卵的狹窄沙灘正在縮小。5. It turns out, according to Griffin, that while we have done a good job of protecting the turtles for the weeks they spend on land (as egg-laying females, as eggs and as hatchlings), we have neglected the years they spend in the ocean. (2009年6月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主架為It turns out that。according to Griffin為插入語(yǔ)。that while in the ocean為賓語(yǔ)從句。while在這里為連詞，表轉(zhuǎn)折。they spend on land為省略了引導(dǎo)詞的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾的是the weeks。括號(hào)內(nèi)內(nèi)容進(jìn)一步解釋they spend on land，as相當(dāng)于“作為”。they spend in the ocean為省略了引導(dǎo)詞的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾the years?！咀g文】按照Griffin的說(shuō)法，答案是這樣：雖然我們對(duì)保護(hù)海龜們（產(chǎn)卵的母海龜，龜卵，小海龜）在岸上度過(guò)的幾個(gè)星期做得很好，但是我們卻忽略了它們?cè)诤＠锒冗^(guò)的歲月。6. Ultimately we must get a handle on those issues as well, or a creature that outlived the dinosaurs (恐龍) will meet its end at the hands of humans, leaving our descendants to wonder how a creature so ugly could have won so much affection. (2009年6月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主架為we must or。or表?xiàng)l件。get a handle on sth.指“著手處理某事”。that dinosaurs為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾的是a creature。leaving our 為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。how a affection為賓語(yǔ)從句，作wonder的賓語(yǔ)。固定短語(yǔ)meet ones end指“迎接末日，即死亡”，at the hands of為，指“出自之手，由完成”?！咀g文】最終，我們必須著手處理這些問(wèn)題，否則，這種比恐龍壽命還要長(zhǎng)的生物將會(huì)在人類手中滅絕，從而給我們的后代留下疑問(wèn)：為什么這么丑的生物卻能獲得人們?nèi)绱硕嗟年P(guān)愛(ài)？7. But economists say families about to go into debt to fund four years of partying, as well as studying, can console themselves with the knowledge that college is an investment that, unlike many bank stocks, should yield huge dividends. (2009年6月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主架為economists say families can。about to go into debt為families的后置定語(yǔ)，to fund four years為不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，of partying, as well as studying為介詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。that college investment為同位語(yǔ)從句，作knowledge的同位語(yǔ)；that should yield huge dividends為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾的是investment，在該從句中，unlike many bank stocks為插入語(yǔ)?！咀g文】但是，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家說(shuō)，那些即將要負(fù)債來(lái)支付四年的聚會(huì)和學(xué)習(xí)費(fèi)用的家庭可以從以下事實(shí)得到一些安慰：上大學(xué)是一項(xiàng)投資，與銀行股票不同的是，這項(xiàng)投資將有巨大的紅利。8. A 2008 study by two Harvard economists notes that the “l(fā)abor-market premium to skill” or the amount college graduates earned thats greater than what high-school graduates earned decreased for much of the 20th century, but has come back with a vengeance (報(bào)復(fù)性地) since the 1980s. (2009年6月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主架為A 2008 study notes。by two Harvard economists作study的后置定語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明study的發(fā)起者。that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)很長(zhǎng)的賓語(yǔ)從句，作notes的賓語(yǔ)。在該賓語(yǔ)從句中，主語(yǔ)為the “l(fā)abor-market premium to skill”，謂語(yǔ)有兩個(gè)，由but連接，即decreased和has come back。for much of the 20th century和since the 1980s為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，修飾謂語(yǔ)。兩個(gè)破折號(hào)中間的內(nèi)容為插入語(yǔ)，解釋說(shuō)明“l(fā)abor-market premium to skill”。在該插入語(yǔ)中，what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作than的賓語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于the amount?！咀g文】2008年哈佛大學(xué)的兩位經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)者所做的一項(xiàng)研究指出，“勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)給技能的額外收益”或者說(shuō)大學(xué)畢業(yè)生比高中畢業(yè)生掙得多的那部分錢(qián)在20世紀(jì)的大部分時(shí)間都在下降，但是從20世紀(jì)80年代起，開(kāi)始迅速回升。9. But a look at the strange variations in tuition reveals that the choice about which college to attend doesnt come down merely to dollars and cents. (2009年6月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主架為a look reveals。that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作reveals的賓語(yǔ)。about which college to attend為介詞短語(yǔ)作choice的后置定語(yǔ)。which college to attend為賓語(yǔ)從句，作about的賓語(yǔ)。come down to指“取決于”。【譯文】但是看一下學(xué)費(fèi)的奇怪變化，就可以知道選擇去哪所大學(xué)不僅僅取決于金錢(qián)了。10. No, in this consumerist age, most buyers arent evaluating college as an investment, but rather as a consumer product like a car or clothes or a house. (2009年6月)【分析】本句為簡(jiǎn)單句，主架為buyers arent evaluating college as but rather as。in this consumerist age為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。破折號(hào)后的like a house解釋說(shuō)明consumer product。evaluate sth. as 指“將某物評(píng)定為”?！咀g文】不，在這個(gè)消費(fèi)年主義代，大多數(shù)買(mǎi)家不是把上大學(xué)看作投資，而是看作消費(fèi)品就像汽車、衣服和房子一樣。11. As with automobiles, consumers in todays college marketplace have vast choices, and people search for the one that gives them the most comfort and satisfaction in line with their budgets. (2009年6月)【分析】本句為and連接的并列復(fù)合句，主架為consumers have vast choices, and people search for the one。in todays college marketplace為介詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。that gives satisfaction為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾的是the one。in line with their budgets為介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。in line with指“與一致，按照”?！咀g文】與買(mǎi)汽車一樣，消費(fèi)者在如今的大學(xué)市場(chǎng)有很多選擇，人們會(huì)按照自己的預(yù)算尋找那些讓他們感到最舒服最滿意的。12. Since 2001, more than 1,000 high school and college students in the U.S. have participated in the Body Project, which works by getting girls to understand how they have been buying into the notion that you have to be thin to be happy or successful. (2009年6月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主架為 students have participated in the Body Project。Since 2001為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。which successful為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾的是the Body Project。by understand為方式狀語(yǔ)。how they notion為賓語(yǔ)從句，作understand的賓語(yǔ)。that you successful為同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋的是notion。buy into指“接受并受（某種思想、觀點(diǎn)等）的影響”?！咀g文】從2001年起，在美國(guó)已經(jīng)有超過(guò)1000名高中和大學(xué)生參與了這項(xiàng)“身體計(jì)劃”，這一計(jì)劃旨在讓女孩們了解她們是如何被灌輸那種“為了成功和幸福，你必須瘦”的思想的。13. Such lasting effects may be due to girls realizing not only how they were being influenced but also who was benefiting from the societal pressure to be thin. (2009年6月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主架為 effects may be due to。girls realizing為動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。realizing后接了兩個(gè)由并列結(jié)構(gòu)not only but also 連接的賓語(yǔ)從句，分別是how they were being influenced和who was benefiting to be thin?！咀g文】這些持續(xù)的效果可能是因?yàn)榕儾粌H意識(shí)到了她們是如何受到影響的，還意識(shí)到了誰(shuí)從這些讓大家感到應(yīng)該瘦身的社會(huì)壓力中受益。14. The company did not have the money to hire “experts”, and there was no established athletic footwear industry in North America from which to recruit those knowledgeable in the field. (2008年12月)【分析】本句為and連接的并列復(fù)合句，主架為T(mén)he company did not have the money and there was no industry。to hire “experts”為動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。established athletic footwear為industry的前置定語(yǔ)。in North America為地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。from which to recruit those knowledgeable in the field為“介詞which”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾的是North America?！咀g文】公司沒(méi)有錢(qián)去雇傭“專家”，而且當(dāng)時(shí)在北美也沒(méi)有既成的運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋行業(yè)，無(wú)法從這一領(lǐng)域招聘到有才能的人。15. Whats more, demand for animal products in developing countries is growing so fast that meeting it will require an extra 300 million tons of grain a year by 2050. (2008年12月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主架為 demand is growing so fast that。Whats more為插入語(yǔ)。that by 2050為結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，其中meeting it為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。【譯文】此外，發(fā)展中國(guó)家對(duì)動(dòng)物制品的需求上升很快，要滿足這些需求，需要在2050年之前每年增加3億噸谷糧。16. The key will be to abandon the rather simple and static measures of sustainability, which centre on the need to maintain production without increasing damage. (2008年12月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主架為T(mén)he key will be。to abandon sustainability為不定式作表語(yǔ)。which centre on the need damage為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾的是measures of sustainability?！咀g文】關(guān)鍵是要摒棄簡(jiǎn)單的、一成不變的可持續(xù)發(fā)展的方法，這些方法以滿足生產(chǎn)需要但又不增加對(duì)環(huán)境的破壞為中心。17. That is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers, or how best to secure the border, and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have been here for generations. (2008年12月)【分析】本句為and連接的并列復(fù)合句，主架為T(mén)hat is a larger question and it is one。much修飾larger。than后接了兩個(gè)由or連接的賓語(yǔ)從句：what should workers和how best border。that groups為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾的是one。在該定語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)affects后跟兩個(gè)由并列結(jié)構(gòu)not only but 連接的賓語(yǔ)，分別是newcomers和groups。that have been here for generations為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾的是groups?！咀g文】這個(gè)問(wèn)題，比“對(duì)沒(méi)有合法身份的工人應(yīng)該采取什么政策”、“怎樣才能保證邊境安全”之類的問(wèn)題要重要得多，它不但影響到新移民，也影響到那些在美國(guó)生活了好幾代的族群。18. In time, Italians, Romanians and members of other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to detail, to the building of this magnificent nation. (2008年12月)【分析】本句為簡(jiǎn)單句，主架為Italians, Romanians and members became Americans and contributed to the building。of other so-called inferior races為介詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾members。in ways too numerous to detail為插入語(yǔ)?！咀g文】隨著時(shí)間的流逝，意大利人、羅馬尼亞人以及其他被稱作“劣等民族”的人成為了美國(guó)人中的典范，他們以各種各樣的方式為建設(shè)偉大的美國(guó)貢獻(xiàn)良多。19. But as arguments about immigration heat up the campaign trail, we also ought to ask some broader questions about assimilation, about how to ensure that people, once outsiders, dont forever remain marginalized within these shores. (2008年12月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主架為we ought to ask questions。But表轉(zhuǎn)折。as arguments campaign trail為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。about, about為介詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾questions。how to ensure為賓語(yǔ)從句，作about的賓語(yǔ)。that peopleshores為賓語(yǔ)從句，作ensure的賓語(yǔ)，在該從句中，once outsiders為插入語(yǔ)?！咀g文】在總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選活動(dòng)中，移民問(wèn)題又再次升溫，我們應(yīng)該問(wèn)些更廣泛的有關(guān)“同化”的問(wèn)題，即如何保證這些過(guò)去的局外人不會(huì)在這個(gè)國(guó)度永遠(yuǎn)處于邊緣地位。20. Sustainable development is applied to just about everything from energy to clean water and economic growth, and as a result it has become difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use. (2008年12月)【分析】本句為并列復(fù)合句。本句主干為development is applied to everything, and it has become difficult to question。from to 意為“從到”，from to growth修飾everything。as a result表示結(jié)果。either or 意為“或者或者”，either or the way 作question的賓語(yǔ)。the concept is put to use是定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為way，在這里可以不用引導(dǎo)詞?！咀g文】可持續(xù)發(fā)展被應(yīng)用到了從能源到潔凈水和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的幾乎每個(gè)領(lǐng)域。結(jié)果，要想質(zhì)問(wèn)這一概念背后的基本假設(shè)或者這一概念是如何被執(zhí)行的，就變得很困難。21. This is especially true in agriculture, where sustainable development is often taken as the sole measure of progress without a proper appreciation of historical and cultural perspectives. (2008年12月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為T(mén)his is especially true in agriculture。where引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句sustainable perspectives修飾逗號(hào)前面的agriculture。historical and cultural perspectives意為“從歷史和文化的角度”?！咀g文】這一現(xiàn)象在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域更是如此。在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域，可持續(xù)發(fā)展經(jīng)常被當(dāng)作進(jìn)步的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，但人們忽略了從歷史和文化的角度去合理地評(píng)價(jià)。22. Although children of Mexican immigrants do better, in terms of educational and professional attainment, than their parents, UCLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains dont continue.【分析】本句為復(fù)雜句。主句為UCLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains dont continue。Although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。in terms of意為“在方面”，in terms attainment在句中作插入語(yǔ)。that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句作find的賓語(yǔ)?！咀g文】盡管墨西哥移民的孩子在教育和職業(yè)造詣方面比他們的父母做得要好，但加利福尼亞大學(xué)洛杉磯分校的社會(huì)學(xué)家愛(ài)德華泰勒斯卻發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們的收入沒(méi)有增加。23. Telles fears that Mexican-Americans may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks that large parts of the community may become mired (陷入) in a seemingly permanent state of poverty and underachievement.【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。句子主干為T(mén)elles fears that。that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句作fears的賓語(yǔ)。破折號(hào)后的內(nèi)容對(duì)前面的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明，說(shuō)明美籍墨西哥人正在步美國(guó)黑人的后塵。【譯文】泰勒斯擔(dān)心，美籍墨西哥人注定要步美國(guó)黑人的后塵大部分人都可能陷入看似永遠(yuǎn)的貧困和失意。24. It is sitting at a record low against the euro and at a 30-year low against the Canadian dollar. (2008年6月)【分析】本句為簡(jiǎn)單句。句子主干為It is sitting。It指代的是前文中的美元。at the Canadian dollar為介詞短語(yǔ)。against 在這里表示美元與其他外幣的兌換比率?！咀g文】美元對(duì)歐元的比率也跌破記錄，美元對(duì)加拿大元的比率更是跌到近三十年的最低點(diǎn)。25. Many Europeans may view the U.S. as an arrogant superpower that has become hostile to foreigners. (2008年6月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。句子主干為Europeans may view the U.S. as a superpower。view as意為“把看做”；第一句中的that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為arrogant superpower?！咀g文】許多歐洲人會(huì)認(rèn)為美國(guó)是一個(gè)傲慢自大的超級(jí)大國(guó)，對(duì)外國(guó)人不友好。但是，沒(méi)有什么比疲軟的美元更讓他們覺(jué)得美國(guó)溫暖的了。26. We see our kids college background as a prize demonstrating how well weve raised them. (2008年6月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為We see our kids college background as a prize。see as意為“把看做”；demonstrating為現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)修飾prize；how well weve raised them為demonstrating的賓語(yǔ)從句。【譯文】我們將孩子的大學(xué)背景看做是對(duì)自己辛苦撫養(yǎng)他們的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。27. Underlying the hysteria (歇斯底里) is the belief that scarce elite degrees must be highly valuable. (2008年6月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為Underlying the hysteria is the belief。Underlying the hysteria為現(xiàn)在分詞做主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，修飾belief?！咀g文】支撐這種瘋狂的是這樣一種信念：稀有的精英學(xué)位必定價(jià)值頗高。28. Im now applying to graduated school, which means someday Ill return to a profession where people need to be nice to me in order to get what they want. (2007年12月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為Im now applying to graduated school。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，作從句的主語(yǔ)。在定語(yǔ)從句中包含了一個(gè)省略了引導(dǎo)詞that的賓語(yǔ)從句，作means的賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)從句中又嵌套了一個(gè)where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾profession, where在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。在這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句中又包含一個(gè)what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，作get的賓語(yǔ)?！咀g文】目前，我在申請(qǐng)研究生學(xué)歷，這就意味著有一天我重回職場(chǎng)時(shí)，人們會(huì)為了一己之利而對(duì)我獻(xiàn)媚。29. Like most people, Ive long understood that I will be judged by my occupation, that my profession is a gauge people use to see how smart or talented I am. (2007年12月)【分析】本句為并列復(fù)合句。主句為Ive understood。主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞understood后有兩個(gè)并列的that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。在第二個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句中包含一個(gè)省略that的定語(yǔ)從句people use，修飾gauge，還包含一個(gè)how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句?！咀g文】像大多數(shù)人一樣，長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，我一直認(rèn)為人們會(huì)以職業(yè)來(lái)評(píng)判我，我的職業(yè)才是人們用來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)我的聰明才智的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。30. According to an International Energy Agency study, if consumers chose those models that would save them the most money over the life of the appliance, theyd cut global residential power consumption (and their utility bills) by 43 percent. (2007年12月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為theyd cut by 43 percent。if 引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，在從句中包含了一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾models。這個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句為虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的假設(shè)，從句謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用would do。【譯文】 一份國(guó)際能源署的研究表明，如果消費(fèi)者選擇在使用期間能節(jié)省電器費(fèi)用的家電型號(hào)，他們將節(jié)省43%的全球居民用電量(和電費(fèi))。31. “Men in my generation (aged 25-40) have a fear of becoming dads because we have no role models,” says Jon Smith, a writer. (2007年12月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。句子主干為“Men have a fear of becoming dads,” says Jon Smith。在直接引語(yǔ)中有一個(gè)because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句。在賓語(yǔ)從句為直接引語(yǔ)的句子里，若全部或部分直接引語(yǔ)位于主句之前則用倒裝?！咀g文】“跟我同時(shí)代的男性(25歲到40歲之間)都害怕當(dāng)爸爸，這是因?yàn)槲覀儧](méi)有學(xué)習(xí)的榜樣，”作家喬史密斯這樣說(shuō)道。32. “Our nations core bargain with the middle class is disintegrating,” lamented (哀嘆) the 117th richest man in America. (2007年12月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。本句主干為“bargain with the middle class is disintegrating,” lamented the richest man。直接引語(yǔ)作lament的賓語(yǔ)從句。在賓語(yǔ)從句為直接引語(yǔ)的句子里，若全部或部分直接引語(yǔ)位于主句之前，常用倒裝。【譯文】“我們國(guó)家與中產(chǎn)階級(jí)討價(jià)還價(jià)的核心條件正在瓦解，”一位在美國(guó)富豪排行榜排名117位的富翁哀嘆道。33. If you love the social aspects of your job, but are stuck inside on office or “chained to your desk” most of the time, vow to follow your instinct and investigate alternative careers and work that allow you more time to interact with others. (2007年6月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為一個(gè)祈使句vow to，其中包含一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾work，that在從句中作主語(yǔ)。If引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。從句中包含一個(gè)but連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)?！咀g文】如果你喜歡自己的工作具有社會(huì)性，然而大部分時(shí)間你卻被拴在辦公室里或者“被綁在辦公桌上”，那就發(fā)誓按照自己內(nèi)心的想法行事，去調(diào)查一下那些可以讓你有更多的時(shí)間與他人進(jìn)行交流的行業(yè)。34. Miller developed a 7-step process to help potential job seekers assess their current situation and beliefs, identify their real passion, and start on a journey that allows them to pursue their passion through work. (2007年6月)【分析】本句為并列復(fù)合句。本句主干為Miller developed a process to help job seekers assess their situationstart on a journey。that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾journey，作從句的主語(yǔ)。主句中assess, identify, start都是help的并列補(bǔ)語(yǔ)?！咀g文】米勒發(fā)明了七個(gè)步驟幫助那些潛在的求職者評(píng)估他們目前的處境及信念，激發(fā)他們真正的熱情，然后踏上能讓他們通過(guò)工作尋求激情的新征程。35. Obviously, theres a difference between getting rid of possessions and losing them through a natural disaster without having a say in the matter.(2006年12月)【分析】本句為簡(jiǎn)單句。句子主干為 theres a difference。between and 引出并列結(jié)構(gòu)，between 為介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。介詞 without 表示否定，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞?！咀g文】顯然，丟棄財(cái)產(chǎn)和在毫無(wú)征兆的自然災(zāi)害中喪失財(cái)產(chǎn)是完全不同的。36. The Bush administration seems bent on satisfying the small but vocal group of Americans who oppose stem cell research under any conditions. (2006年12月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為T(mén)he Bush administration seems bent on satisfying the small but vocal group of Americans。定語(yǔ)從句who oppose stem cell research under any conditions修飾Americans。 【譯文】布什政府似乎下定決心要滿足那一小部分大聲疾呼在任何條件下都反對(duì)干細(xì)胞研究的美國(guó)人。37. Fortunately, Grove and others are more interested in advancing scientific research that could benefit the large number of Americans who suffer from Parkinsons disease, nerve injuries, heart diseases and many other problems. (2006年12月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為Grove and others are more interested in advancing scientific research。that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾research, that在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾Americans, who在從句中作主語(yǔ)。Parkinsons disease, nerve injuries, heart diseases和many other problems是并列成分，作suffer from的賓語(yǔ)。advancing是動(dòng)名詞形式，不是形容詞?！咀g文】幸好，還有Grove和其他一些人致力于推進(jìn)科學(xué)研究，以造福眾多深受帕金森癥、神經(jīng)創(chuàng)傷、心臟病及許多其他疾病折磨的美國(guó)人。38. Using this information, the amygdale(扁桃核) appraises a situation I think this charging dog wants to bite me and triggers a response by radiating nerve signals throughout the body.(2006年12月) 【分析】本句為并列句。句子主干為the amygdale appraises a situation and triggers a response。using this information是方式狀語(yǔ)，I think this charging dog wants to bite me解釋說(shuō)明situation，是插入成分?！咀g文】 運(yùn)用這些信息，扁桃核對(duì)情況作出估計(jì)我認(rèn)為這只迎面跑來(lái)的狗要咬我然后啟動(dòng)全身的神經(jīng)信號(hào)，激發(fā)反應(yīng)。39. Of the 78 existing stem cell lines which Bush said are all that science would ever need, only one is in this country (at the University of Wisconsin), and only five are ready for distribution to researchers. (2006年12月)【分析】本句為并列復(fù)合句。主句為only one is in this country, and only five to researchers。which Bush said are all that science would ever need是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾 stem cell lines。Bush said 是插入語(yǔ)。 that 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是all?！咀g文】 布什稱現(xiàn)存的78項(xiàng)干細(xì)胞系已能夠滿足科研所需，但這78個(gè)干細(xì)胞系中只有一個(gè)在美國(guó)(威斯康星大學(xué))，而且只有五個(gè)準(zhǔn)備分配給研究人員。40. Once on the inside o