交通廳項(xiàng)目管理系統(tǒng)可行性研究報(bào)告

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Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoction.ParagraphForm Selection.ParagraphForm aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahF 目 錄 第 1 章 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 第 2 章 2.1 2.2 第 3 章 3.1 3.2 第 4 章 4.1 4.2 第 5 章 5.1 5.2 項(xiàng)目概述 . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 項(xiàng)目名稱 . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 項(xiàng)目承擔(dān)單位及負(fù)責(zé)人 . . . . . . . . . .1 可研報(bào)告編寫單位 . . . . . . . . . . .1 可研報(bào)告編制依據(jù) . . . . . . . . . . .1 建設(shè)目標(biāo)及內(nèi)容 . . . . . . . . . . .2 1.5.1 總體目標(biāo) . . . . . . . . . . . .2 1.5.2 建設(shè)內(nèi)容及規(guī)模 . . . . . . . . . .3 總投資及來源 . . . . . . . . . . . .3 經(jīng)濟(jì)及社會(huì)效益 . . . . . . . . . . .4 結(jié)論與建議 . . . . . . . . . . . .4 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)的必要性 . . . . . . . . . . .5 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)的必要性 . . . . . . . . . . .5 2.1.1 引入先進(jìn)的項(xiàng)目管理模式的需要 . . . . . . .5 2.1.2 項(xiàng)目管理自身特點(diǎn)的需要 . . . . . . . .5 2.1.3 項(xiàng)目管理信息化條件日趨成熟 . . . . . . .6 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)的可行性 . . . . . . . . . . .6 需求分析 . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 主要應(yīng)用描述 . . . . . . . . . . . .8 功能和性能需求 . . . . . . . . . . .9 3.2.1 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)思路 . . . . . . . . . . .9 3.2.2 軟件開發(fā)目標(biāo) . . . . . . . . . . .9 3.2.3 性能指標(biāo) . . . . . . . . . . . .10 總體方案 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 建設(shè)內(nèi)容 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 建設(shè)原則 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)方案 . . . . . . . . . . . .14 應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) . . . . . . . . . . . .14 5.1.1 系統(tǒng)框架 . . . . . . . . . . . .14 5.1.2 系統(tǒng)功能說明 . . . . . . . . . . .15 5.1.3 系統(tǒng)的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法 . . . . . . . . . .15 5.1.4 用戶的管理范疇 . . . . . . . . . .17 系統(tǒng)安全設(shè)計(jì) . . . . . . . . . . . .18 5.2.1 通訊安全性 . . . . . . . . . . .18 5.2.2 權(quán)限管理安全性 . . . . . . . . . .19 5.2.3 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)加密 . . . . . . . . . . .19 5.2.4 操作系統(tǒng)平臺(tái)安全性 . . . . . . . . .20 2 Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.Paragra aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoction.ParagraphForm 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aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahF 5.2.5 網(wǎng)絡(luò)和主機(jī)系統(tǒng)安全性 . . . . . . . . .20 第 6 章 第 7 章 7.1 7.2 第 8 章 8.1 8.2 第 9 章 9.1 9.2 9.3 項(xiàng)目招標(biāo)方式 . . . . . . . . . . . .21 項(xiàng)目組織機(jī)構(gòu)與人 員 . . . . . . . . . . .22 機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置與人員配置 . . . . . . . . . .22 7.1.1 項(xiàng)目組織結(jié)構(gòu) . . . . . . . . . . .22 7.1.2 項(xiàng)目組織建議 . . . . . . . . . . .24 培訓(xùn) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 7.2.1 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)培訓(xùn) . . . . . . . . . . . .25 項(xiàng)目實(shí)施進(jìn)度 . . . . . . . . . . . .27 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)期 . . . . . . . . . . . .27 實(shí)施安排計(jì)劃 . . . . . . . . . . . .28 投資估算和資金來 源 . . . . . . . . . . .29 投資估算的有關(guān)說明 . . . . . . . . . . .29 總投資估算 . . . . . . . . . . . .29 資金來源與落實(shí) . . . . . . . . . . .29 第 10 章 效益分析 . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 第 11 章 結(jié)論與建議 . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 3 Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.Paragra aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoction.ParagraphForm 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aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahF 第 1 章 項(xiàng)目概述 1.1 目名稱 項(xiàng)目 名稱： 浙江省交通廳項(xiàng)目管理系統(tǒng) 1.2 目承擔(dān)單位及負(fù)責(zé)人 承辦單位 ：浙江省交通廳信息中心 負(fù)責(zé)人： 徐匯 1.3 研報(bào)告編寫單位 可研報(bào)告編寫單位： 浙江省交通廳信息中心 1.4 研報(bào)告編制依據(jù) 主要參閱并 依據(jù)以下 一些參考 資料及標(biāo) 準(zhǔn)來規(guī)劃浙 江省交通 廳項(xiàng)目管理 系 統(tǒng)： l 國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展第十個(gè)五年計(jì)劃信息化重點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)規(guī)劃（摘要）， 國(guó)家信息化領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組， 2002.10 l 國(guó) 家 信 息 化 領(lǐng) 導(dǎo) 小 組 關(guān) 于 我國(guó) 電 子 政 務(wù) 建 設(shè) 指導(dǎo) 意 見 ， 中 辦 發(fā) 200217 號(hào) l 電子政務(wù)一期工程重點(diǎn)建設(shè)任務(wù)，國(guó)務(wù)院信息化工作辦公室， 2002.8 l 電子政務(wù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)指南，國(guó)信辦和國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)委員會(huì)， 2002.5 l 涉及國(guó)家秘密的計(jì)算機(jī)信息系統(tǒng)安全保密方案設(shè)計(jì)指南，國(guó)家保密 局， 2001.4 l 涉及國(guó)家秘密的計(jì)算機(jī)信息系統(tǒng)安全保密技術(shù)要求，國(guó)家保密局， 1 Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.Paragra aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoction.ParagraphForm 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aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahF l l l l l l l l l l l l l l 2000.7 浙江省政府系統(tǒng)信息化建設(shè)“ 十五”規(guī)劃綱要，浙江省行政首腦機(jī) 關(guān)信息中心， 2001.9 2003-2007 年“數(shù)字浙江”建設(shè)規(guī)劃思路及近兩年工作重點(diǎn)匯報(bào)， 浙江省信息化工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組， 2003 中國(guó)交通部網(wǎng)站： 浙江交通廳門戶網(wǎng)站： h ttp:/ 浙江省道路運(yùn)輸公眾信息網(wǎng)： 中國(guó)項(xiàng)目管理知識(shí)體系（ C-PMBOK）， 2001.5 GB/T 1526-1989信息處理 數(shù)據(jù)流程圖、程序流程圖、系 統(tǒng)流程圖、 程序網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖、系統(tǒng)資源圖的文件編制符號(hào)及約定 GB/T 8566-1995信息技術(shù)軟件生存期過程 GB/T 8567-1988計(jì)算機(jī)軟件產(chǎn)品開發(fā)文件編制指南 GB/T 9385-1988計(jì)算機(jī)軟件需求說明編制指南 GB/T 13702-1992計(jì)算機(jī)軟件分類與代碼 GB/T 11457-1995軟件工程術(shù)語(yǔ) 浙交 2004 425 號(hào)關(guān)于要求做好 2005 年交通信息化建設(shè)項(xiàng)目前期工 作的通知 浙江省交通廳信息化項(xiàng)目可行性研究報(bào)告編制大綱（試行）； 1.5 設(shè)目標(biāo)及內(nèi)容 1.5.1 總體目標(biāo) 1) 2) 搭建全 面的項(xiàng) 目管理信 息化基 礎(chǔ)環(huán)境 ，以項(xiàng) 目管理 系統(tǒng)作 為統(tǒng)一 的軟件 平 臺(tái)，以信息化手段改進(jìn)傳統(tǒng)的項(xiàng)目管理模式。 通過項(xiàng)目管理系統(tǒng)提高項(xiàng)目主管部門對(duì)項(xiàng)目實(shí)施單位的監(jiān)管，并利用信息化 手段來實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)項(xiàng)目實(shí)施進(jìn)度、費(fèi)用、合同、質(zhì)量、安全等方面信息的監(jiān)控和 項(xiàng)目文檔的管理，通過該系統(tǒng)，逐步提高業(yè)務(wù)監(jiān)管能力和快速反應(yīng)能力，進(jìn) 2 Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.Paragra aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2) 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目的運(yùn)營(yíng)情況，并搭建了內(nèi)部的工程業(yè)務(wù)交流平臺(tái)，為工程項(xiàng)目的業(yè)務(wù)協(xié)調(diào)、 管理有條不紊地進(jìn)行提供了保證。 項(xiàng)目管理信息化的基本目標(biāo)是以系統(tǒng)工程理論作支撐，建立起以系統(tǒng)工程理 論、現(xiàn)代工程項(xiàng)目管理理論為指導(dǎo)思想的交通系統(tǒng)項(xiàng)目管理信息化系統(tǒng)。以 建立項(xiàng)目管理信息化大綱為起點(diǎn) , 圍繞項(xiàng)目管理總體架構(gòu)、各項(xiàng)業(yè)務(wù)的項(xiàng)目 管理模式、項(xiàng)目管理流程、運(yùn)作方法及信息技術(shù)應(yīng)用等諸多方面，為交通工 程項(xiàng)目搭建一個(gè)先進(jìn)、高效、優(yōu)質(zhì)的項(xiàng)目管理 信息化系統(tǒng)，輔助業(yè)主實(shí)現(xiàn)工 程項(xiàng)目科學(xué)化、規(guī)范化管理。 1.5.2 建設(shè)內(nèi)容及規(guī)模 項(xiàng)目管理系統(tǒng)在業(yè)主實(shí)際需要的基礎(chǔ)上， 圍繞項(xiàng)目管理三大目標(biāo)，以現(xiàn)代 化項(xiàng)目管理理念作為業(yè)務(wù)改進(jìn)優(yōu)化的理論指 導(dǎo)，根據(jù)交通工程項(xiàng)目的實(shí)際 業(yè)務(wù) 特點(diǎn)，為項(xiàng)目參建各方提供一個(gè)高效、快速 、集成化的管理應(yīng)用平臺(tái)，規(guī) 范項(xiàng) 目建設(shè)的管理流程，提供人機(jī)功能完善的集 成化業(yè)務(wù)處理系統(tǒng)，使項(xiàng)目建 設(shè)管 理者可以對(duì)資源進(jìn)行優(yōu)化管理，有效地控制 項(xiàng)目投資，提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，實(shí) 現(xiàn)各 個(gè)管理層次的統(tǒng)一管理，實(shí)現(xiàn)各類數(shù)據(jù)流的 傳輸和各種 業(yè)務(wù)的協(xié)調(diào)合作， 使業(yè) 主管理層及時(shí)、準(zhǔn)確地掌握項(xiàng)目的進(jìn)展情況。 1.6 投資及來源 本項(xiàng)目總投資金額： 350 萬(wàn) ； 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)資金的來源： 2005 府性基金 -公路養(yǎng)路費(fèi)部分 )。 年信息中心信息化建設(shè)資金 (納入預(yù)算管理的政 3 Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.Paragra aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoction.ParagraphForm Selection.ParagraphFormaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphForma 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升，并用新的理論指導(dǎo)項(xiàng)目管理，具有較強(qiáng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)效率。 1.8 論與建議 項(xiàng)目 管理系統(tǒng)（ Project Control Management，簡(jiǎn)稱 PCM），是一個(gè)復(fù)雜、 艱巨的系統(tǒng)工程，所涉及的工作環(huán)節(jié)和任務(wù)多，包括計(jì)劃立項(xiàng)、合同管理、施工 控制、質(zhì)量管理、成本控制、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理、工程文檔資料管理、項(xiàng)目驗(yàn)收、工程核 算、固定資產(chǎn)管理等多方面的工作；涉及的部門和單位多，包括設(shè)計(jì)、采購(gòu)、物 資、施工、驗(yàn)收、審計(jì)、財(cái)務(wù)等眾多部門和單 位；項(xiàng)目管理本身的要求高，要求 隨時(shí)獲得項(xiàng)目的綜合進(jìn)展情況和投資完成情況等等。所有這些均對(duì)信息共享、動(dòng) 態(tài)監(jiān)控、資料管理、成本核算等提出了較高要求。通過構(gòu)建項(xiàng)目管理系統(tǒng)，有利 于提升項(xiàng)目主管部門對(duì)項(xiàng)目的管理可控程度，節(jié)約項(xiàng)目的經(jīng)費(fèi)、保障項(xiàng)目的順利 完成，并提高項(xiàng)目的整體運(yùn)作效率都有其巨大的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 4 Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.Paragra aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoction.ParagraphForm 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aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahF 第 2 章 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)的必要性 2.1 目建設(shè)的必要性 2.1.1 引入先進(jìn)的項(xiàng)目管理模式的需要 將項(xiàng)目管理信息化引入到項(xiàng) 目管理過程中，同時(shí)也是引入了一種項(xiàng) 目管理理 念。項(xiàng)目管理是系統(tǒng)工程，在項(xiàng)目管理過程中引入項(xiàng)目管理信息化，特別是以項(xiàng) 目管理軟件為核心的項(xiàng)目管理信息系統(tǒng)的引入同樣也是一個(gè)系統(tǒng)工程，是一個(gè)人 機(jī)合一的有層次的系統(tǒng)工程，包括項(xiàng)目各個(gè)參與方的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和項(xiàng)目管理團(tuán)隊(duì)成員理 念的轉(zhuǎn)變，項(xiàng)目管理決策和組織管理的轉(zhuǎn)變。這樣一個(gè)系統(tǒng)工程的實(shí)現(xiàn)過程包含 了前期規(guī)劃、方案設(shè)計(jì)、設(shè)備采購(gòu)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)、軟件選型、應(yīng)用培訓(xùn)、二次開發(fā) 等一系列工作。在激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的環(huán)境下，面對(duì)各種復(fù)雜的項(xiàng)目有大量的信息、數(shù)據(jù) 需要?jiǎng)討B(tài)管理，要提高管理水平，提高工作效率，就必須使用先進(jìn)的方法和管理 模式。 2.1.2 項(xiàng)目管理自身特點(diǎn)的需要 隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的迅速發(fā)展，項(xiàng)目管理信息化已從內(nèi)部的 LAN（局域網(wǎng)）擴(kuò)展到 Intranet（企業(yè)內(nèi)部互 聯(lián)網(wǎng)）和 Extranet（企業(yè)外部網(wǎng)）的范圍上。當(dāng)然，互 聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)促進(jìn)了項(xiàng)目管理信息化在工程項(xiàng)目管理上迅速推廣，但其主要原因還在 于工程建設(shè)項(xiàng)目本身。工程建設(shè)項(xiàng)目，特別是交通工程項(xiàng)目中像高速公路等這樣 的大型工程項(xiàng)目，具有周期長(zhǎng)、投資大、技術(shù)復(fù)雜、項(xiàng)目本身和項(xiàng)目的參與方在 地域上分布分散等特點(diǎn)，這些特點(diǎn)對(duì)項(xiàng)目各個(gè)參與方間的信息交流與協(xié)同工作提 出了很高的要求。目前，項(xiàng)目管理信息化（軟件）正在朝著網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、智能化、個(gè) 性化和集成化的方向發(fā)展，為用戶提供一體化的解決方案。大多數(shù)軟件具有良好 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Selection.ParagraphFaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahF 使得用戶可以將所購(gòu)置的軟件與其它系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行集成。 2.1.3 項(xiàng)目管理信息化條件日趨成熟 計(jì)算機(jī)項(xiàng)目管理軟件加速發(fā) 展的契機(jī)出現(xiàn)在 80 年代，隨著 P C 機(jī)的出現(xiàn)和普 及，基于 PC 的項(xiàng)目管理信息化得到了迅速的普及。到 80 年代中后期，項(xiàng)目管理 信 息化（軟件）實(shí)現(xiàn)了從僅能對(duì)單一項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行管理向可以對(duì)多個(gè)項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行同時(shí)管 理的飛躍。在這段時(shí)間內(nèi)，大部分項(xiàng)目管理軟件專注于項(xiàng)目管理過程的某一種單 項(xiàng)需求。由于當(dāng)時(shí)從事這方面開發(fā)的軟件公司的規(guī)模都比較小，而且受到計(jì)算機(jī) 硬件平臺(tái)、軟件開發(fā)運(yùn)行平臺(tái)和開發(fā)手段的限制，這一時(shí)期軟件的功能和使用效 果并不能盡如人意。到 80 年代后期，很多軟件開發(fā)商已經(jīng)把目光放在各種功能 的集成上，開始在功能集成上下功夫。從 80 年代后期開始到 90 年代中期，隨著 計(jì)算機(jī)軟、 硬件技術(shù) 的不斷發(fā) 展和各類具 有特定功能 的項(xiàng)目管 理 軟件的日 漸成 熟，各軟件公司也在優(yōu)勝劣汰的過程中逐步壯大實(shí)力，很多公司在自己成功開發(fā) 和推廣應(yīng)用的某一個(gè)（或若干個(gè)）具有特定功能的項(xiàng)目管理軟件的基礎(chǔ)上，逐步 地將各個(gè)相關(guān)功能進(jìn)行集成。這一階段出現(xiàn)了很多優(yōu)秀的多種功能集成的項(xiàng)目管 理軟件，包括集成了進(jìn)度管理、資源管理和費(fèi)用管理的 Primavera P3，集 成了 進(jìn)度管理、資源管理、費(fèi)用管理和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的 Welcom Open Plan，此外還 有很 多價(jià)格低 廉、易 用性強(qiáng)的 項(xiàng)目管 理軟件 ，包 括 Microsoft Project、 Symantec Timeline、 CA-Super project 等。 90 年代中期，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)開始在全世界普及，基 于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的各種應(yīng)用蓬勃發(fā)展。同樣，基于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的項(xiàng)目管理軟件和項(xiàng)目管理模 式也開始出現(xiàn)，并迅速得到眾多項(xiàng)目參與方的認(rèn)可和推廣。 2.2 目建設(shè)的可行性 浙江省交通廳信息化建設(shè)起步較晚，但在廳領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的關(guān)心和大力支持下，經(jīng)過 近幾年的努力，現(xiàn)已經(jīng)具備了一定的規(guī)模和技術(shù)高度，應(yīng)用范圍已涉及到項(xiàng)目管 理、日常辦公及公眾服務(wù)等領(lǐng)域，為交通系統(tǒng)項(xiàng)目管理系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)和推廣應(yīng)用創(chuàng) 造了很好的基礎(chǔ)與條件。在硬 件上，我省交通系統(tǒng)主干網(wǎng)絡(luò)已推廣到全省各市、 縣及所，在系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)方面、采用的技術(shù)和原始的信息系統(tǒng)的資源積累 6 Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.Paragra aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL 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inesToPoction.ParagraphForm Selection.ParagraphFormaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphForma t.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahF Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoction.ParagraphForm Selection.ParagraphForm aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahF 第 3 章 需求分析 3.1 要應(yīng)用描述 1) 2) 3) 4) 項(xiàng)目管理信息化的 基本目標(biāo)是以系統(tǒng)工程理論作支撐，建立起以系統(tǒng)工 程理論、現(xiàn)代工程項(xiàng)目管理理論為指導(dǎo)思想的項(xiàng)目管理信息化系統(tǒng)。以 建立項(xiàng)目管理信息 化大綱為起點(diǎn) , 圍繞項(xiàng)目 管理總體架構(gòu)、各項(xiàng) 業(yè)務(wù)的 項(xiàng)目管理模式、項(xiàng)目管理流程、 運(yùn)作方法及信息技術(shù)應(yīng)用等諸多方面， 為工程項(xiàng)目搭建一個(gè)先進(jìn)、高效、優(yōu)質(zhì)的項(xiàng)目管理信息化系統(tǒng)，輔助業(yè) 主實(shí)現(xiàn)工程項(xiàng)目科學(xué)化、規(guī)范化管理，為其他大型工程項(xiàng)目建設(shè)的管理 提供借鑒。 項(xiàng)目管理信息化將針對(duì)工程各參與方的管理業(yè)務(wù)進(jìn)行充分調(diào)研，總結(jié)歸 納其在項(xiàng)目管理中主要需求和問題，提出相應(yīng)解決方案，并在項(xiàng)目管理 信息化系統(tǒng)中加以體現(xiàn)解決。 項(xiàng)目管理信息化的實(shí)施旨在通過項(xiàng)目管理信息化的建設(shè)實(shí)踐，培養(yǎng)出一 批具有豐富項(xiàng)目管理知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)、具有項(xiàng)目管理實(shí)踐能力、以及現(xiàn)代信 息技術(shù)應(yīng)用能力的高素質(zhì)人才，并為以后新的項(xiàng)目和系 統(tǒng)的建設(shè)奠定基 礎(chǔ)。 項(xiàng)目管理信息化的實(shí)施要產(chǎn)出三大成果：物質(zhì)成果、人才成果（一批具 有工程項(xiàng)目管理實(shí)踐能力的高素質(zhì)人才）、還要產(chǎn)出一份厚實(shí)的精神成 果，即探索出一種符合國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的、又兼具國(guó)情及行業(yè)特色的現(xiàn)代交通 項(xiàng)目管理方式，并總結(jié)出一套現(xiàn)代交通工程建設(shè)項(xiàng)目管理的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)及 其相應(yīng)的方法論及專著，以及一套項(xiàng)目管理信息化解決方案、實(shí)施方案、 系統(tǒng)方案及信息管理系統(tǒng)。 8 Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) 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結(jié)合交通系統(tǒng)項(xiàng)目的特點(diǎn)，建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目管理系統(tǒng)。系 統(tǒng)的實(shí)現(xiàn)應(yīng)該是整合 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)所有參與方的資源，實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)的共享，并具有開放性和可擴(kuò)展性，隨著 業(yè)務(wù)的發(fā)展，為以后運(yùn)營(yíng)和養(yǎng)護(hù)提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。 1）集成的業(yè)務(wù)子系統(tǒng) 各子 系統(tǒng)基于“整體規(guī)劃、分布實(shí)施”的原則進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)，在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)層面 實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)的一致性和完整性。各子系統(tǒng)之間數(shù)據(jù)共享，部門之間的交流通暢，數(shù) 據(jù)匯集、更新、提取、分析實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化。 各子系統(tǒng)基于統(tǒng)一的 J2EE 技術(shù)架構(gòu)，由 EJB 業(yè)務(wù)組件構(gòu)成，實(shí)現(xiàn)業(yè)務(wù)的無(wú) 縫連接，數(shù)據(jù)交流通暢。 2）現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)品和客戶化開發(fā)相結(jié)合 由于交通 系統(tǒng)每個(gè)項(xiàng)目管理模式既有相通之處，同時(shí)又具有自己的特色，因 此應(yīng)結(jié)合交 通系統(tǒng)項(xiàng) 目的管理 業(yè)務(wù)和現(xiàn)狀 ，結(jié)合現(xiàn)有 的成熟產(chǎn) 品進(jìn)行客戶 化定 制，從通用性和特殊性兩方面去考慮。 3）軟件的開放性 選擇基于 EJB 規(guī)范的業(yè)務(wù)組件，實(shí)現(xiàn)與業(yè)務(wù)子系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)共享。本系統(tǒng)考慮日 常工作中其他應(yīng)用軟件 (如 EXCEL、 WORD 等 )和數(shù)據(jù)交流的重要性，提供開放的軟 件數(shù)據(jù)接口和數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)結(jié)構(gòu)。 3.2.2 系統(tǒng)開發(fā)目標(biāo) 根據(jù)交通系統(tǒng)的項(xiàng)目管理特點(diǎn)和用戶需求，本系統(tǒng)應(yīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)主要包括： n 軟件系統(tǒng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化； 9 Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.Paragra aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoction.ParagraphForm Selection.ParagraphFormaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphForma t.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL 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Selection.ParagraphFaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahF n n n n n n n n n n n 軟件系統(tǒng)的實(shí)用性； 軟件系統(tǒng)的可擴(kuò)展性； 軟件系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)成熟及先進(jìn)性； 軟件系統(tǒng)的可用性和可靠性； 軟件系統(tǒng)的高性能； 軟件系統(tǒng)的可管理性； 軟件系統(tǒng)的安全性； 軟件系統(tǒng)的開放性； 軟件系統(tǒng)的兼容性； 軟件系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)變性； 對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)現(xiàn)異地傳送； 3.2.3 性能指標(biāo) n 數(shù)據(jù)處理準(zhǔn)確、完整、規(guī)范、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)； n 數(shù)據(jù)保持一致性，具有序次性，各層數(shù)據(jù)按序次進(jìn)行同步 更新； n 數(shù)據(jù)的獨(dú)立性，數(shù)據(jù)、程序和平臺(tái)盡量相互獨(dú)立； n 數(shù)據(jù)可維護(hù)性，在權(quán)限許可下易于修改、增加、備份和恢復(fù)； n 數(shù)據(jù)安全，對(duì)故障具有預(yù)防、保護(hù)和恢復(fù)能力。 10 Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.Paragra aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoction.ParagraphForm 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aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahF Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.Paragra aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoction.ParagraphForm Selection.ParagraphFormaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphForma t.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahF Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoction.ParagraphForm Selection.ParagraphForm aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahF 第 4 章 總體方案 4.1 設(shè)內(nèi)容 項(xiàng)目管理系統(tǒng)在業(yè)主實(shí)際需要的基礎(chǔ)上，圍繞工程項(xiàng)目管理的三大目標(biāo)，以 現(xiàn)代化項(xiàng)目管理理念作為業(yè)務(wù)改進(jìn)優(yōu)化的理論指導(dǎo)，根據(jù)交通系統(tǒng)項(xiàng)目的實(shí)際業(yè) 務(wù)特點(diǎn)，為項(xiàng)目參建各方提供一個(gè)高效、快速、集成化的管理應(yīng)用平臺(tái)。同時(shí)， 該 系統(tǒng)規(guī)范 了項(xiàng)目建 設(shè)的管理 流程，并提 供人機(jī)功能 完善的集 成化業(yè)務(wù)處 理系 統(tǒng)，使項(xiàng)目建設(shè)管理者可以對(duì)資源進(jìn)行優(yōu)化管理，有效地控制項(xiàng)目投資，提高經(jīng) 濟(jì)效益，實(shí)現(xiàn)各個(gè)管理層次的統(tǒng)一管理，使業(yè)主管理層及時(shí)、準(zhǔn)確的掌握項(xiàng)目的 進(jìn)展情況。 4.2 設(shè)原則 項(xiàng)目管理系統(tǒng)將嚴(yán)格本著“統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃、分頭建設(shè)、資源共享、務(wù)真實(shí)效”的 原則進(jìn)行，并應(yīng)具備以下幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)： 針對(duì)性 項(xiàng)目管理系統(tǒng)應(yīng)針對(duì)交通系統(tǒng)項(xiàng)目管理的具體情況和實(shí)際需求，在符合實(shí)際 的情況下，充分利用現(xiàn)有資源，做到系統(tǒng)的整體集成和優(yōu)化，以達(dá)到滿足業(yè)務(wù)管 理的需要。 先進(jìn)性 項(xiàng)目管理系統(tǒng)中采用的各類產(chǎn)品和技術(shù)應(yīng)皆具有一定的先進(jìn)性和創(chuàng)新性，能 夠代表當(dāng)今技術(shù)發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)，并確保系統(tǒng)在相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)長(zhǎng)期使用，不致 于被淘汰。而且，所提出的解決方案應(yīng)具有前瞻性。 開放性 項(xiàng)目管理系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)，必須遵循開放、兼容和可互聯(lián)的原則，才能保證系統(tǒng) 11 Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.Paragra aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2) 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Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoction.ParagraphForm Selection.ParagraphForm aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahF Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.Paragra aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoction.ParagraphForm Selection.ParagraphFormaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphForma t.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahF Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoction.ParagraphForm Selection.ParagraphForm aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingL inesToPoints(2) Selection.ParagraphFaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahF 的軟硬件具有長(zhǎng)期的發(fā)展能力，不會(huì)因一兩種產(chǎn)品的問題，導(dǎo)致整個(gè)系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用的 失敗。 擴(kuò)展性 在發(fā)展迅速的信息領(lǐng)域，應(yīng)用環(huán)境、系統(tǒng)的硬件或軟件都會(huì)不斷地更新，系 統(tǒng)的可擴(kuò)充性、前后兼容性好壞都會(huì)影響管理系統(tǒng)的 長(zhǎng)期發(fā)展，所以規(guī)劃中的系 統(tǒng)在性能、內(nèi)存空間和外存空間都要預(yù)留出充分的擴(kuò)展空間。 易實(shí)施 項(xiàng)目管理系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)要能較好地劃分各子系統(tǒng)，便于分步、分期實(shí)施，同時(shí) 要充分考慮系統(tǒng)的可行性，使各系統(tǒng)便于實(shí)施。 可靠性與穩(wěn)定性 由于項(xiàng)目管理系統(tǒng)面對(duì)的是項(xiàng)目建設(shè)領(lǐng)域，應(yīng)用是交通管理職能部門的應(yīng)用 系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)對(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的決策將起到非常重要的作用，所以任何失誤都可能造成比 較嚴(yán)重的后果。所以整個(gè)系統(tǒng)長(zhǎng)期可靠的運(yùn)行，對(duì)工作的正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)和準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)行具 有重大的意義。從而，精確、不間斷的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸與存儲(chǔ)變得十分重要，為了確保 系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的可靠性，系統(tǒng)應(yīng)具有強(qiáng)大的容錯(cuò)能力，采用容錯(cuò)連接，不論用戶是否 知道問題的存在都可由系統(tǒng)立即自動(dòng)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸重新進(jìn)行路由選擇，保證系統(tǒng)數(shù) 據(jù)傳輸?shù)臅惩ā?兼容性 項(xiàng)目管理信息化中采用的硬件平臺(tái)、軟件平臺(tái)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議等符合開放系統(tǒng)的 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，并能夠與其他系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)互聯(lián)。在總體設(shè)計(jì)中，采用開放式的體系結(jié)構(gòu)，使 系統(tǒng)易于擴(kuò)充，使相對(duì)獨(dú)立的分系統(tǒng)易于進(jìn)行組合調(diào)整。有適應(yīng)外界環(huán)境變化的 能力，即在外界環(huán)境改變時(shí)，系統(tǒng)可以不作修改或僅作少量修改就能在新環(huán)境下 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