《紅字》中文解讀賞析.docx

紅字背后成長(zhǎng)的野玫瑰論海斯特的孤獨(dú)、痛苦、罪紅字是美國(guó)十九世紀(jì)最有影響力的浪漫主義小說(shuō)家納撒尼爾霍桑第一部長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)，該小說(shuō)情節(jié)簡(jiǎn)明，內(nèi)容深刻，矛盾突出，構(gòu)思新穎，手法獨(dú)到，語(yǔ)言生動(dòng)，心理描寫(xiě)細(xì)致入微，使它成為“心理羅曼史”，美國(guó)浪漫主義小說(shuō)和心理分析小說(shuō)及象征主義小說(shuō)的開(kāi)山之作。該小說(shuō)講述了17世紀(jì)的波士頓，一個(gè)犯了通奸罪的女人（海斯特普林）和女兒（珍珠）與海斯特情夫（亞瑟迪梅斯戴爾）、前夫（羅杰奇林沃思）的愛(ài)恨情仇故事。深受清教思想影響的霍桑在紅字中反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)生活中悲觀的一面，使讀者在讀完作品后心中留下三個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞“孤獨(dú)”、“痛苦”、“罪”。 女主人公海斯特普林是一個(gè)善良、聰明，美麗的姑娘，因與年輕牧師亞瑟迪梅斯戴爾先生相愛(ài)并產(chǎn)下一女而受到政教合一的當(dāng)局的責(zé)罰，罰她胸前永遠(yuǎn)帶著紅A字（英文通奸Adultery的縮寫(xiě)）。第二章中，海斯特首次亮相便以其莊重的氣質(zhì)和亮麗的外表使眾人無(wú)不感到驚訝和震撼，仿佛從牢中走出的海斯特是一位高貴淑女，而非一個(gè)罪婦。然而當(dāng)人們的視線下移，看到她胸前佩戴的閃閃發(fā)光的紅字時(shí)，這紅字便即刻產(chǎn)生了一種魔力，使她脫離了一般的人際關(guān)系，并自我封閉起來(lái)。自此，孤獨(dú)，痛苦，罪，便陪伴著海斯特走過(guò)了余下的生活。 海斯特是如此孤獨(dú)，為了不使心愛(ài)之人遭受連累，她毅然獨(dú)自擔(dān)起了所有罪行的懲罰。受到眾人的唾棄，海斯特便帶著孩子住在遠(yuǎn)離其他居民區(qū)的一間小茅屋里，孤立無(wú)援，世上沒(méi)有一個(gè)朋友敢親近她。由于無(wú)法從外界得到解脫，海斯特不得不從內(nèi)心世界尋求幫助-她的記憶和想象中的世界。依靠著堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，她忍受著眾人對(duì)于她通奸罪的憤慨。整個(gè)故事中，海斯特一直都保持緘默，接受著清教徒上至大人下到孩子對(duì)她的欺凌，這種態(tài)度使海斯特散發(fā)出一股孤傲的氣質(zhì)，但顯然，孤傲是無(wú)奈之舉，如不孤傲，海斯特早就會(huì)被這種奇特而孤獨(dú)的痛苦生活摧毀。海斯特是如此孤單，孤單到小珍珠就是她的全世界。當(dāng)?shù)弥承╊^面人物想剝奪她的孩子時(shí)，她失去了平日的緘默，失聲尖叫，顯出一副不怕一切的樣子，甚至幾近瘋狂。她被棄于世，所以才會(huì)如此激動(dòng)得決心不惜犧牲一切來(lái)保護(hù)她的“世界”。 伴隨著孤獨(dú)的是海斯特隨處可見(jiàn)的痛苦。從少女時(shí)，與羅杰的婚姻就埋葬了海斯特的青春和歡笑。隨后與亞瑟的愛(ài)情本該是一段才子佳人的美好愛(ài)情，但無(wú)奈清教教規(guī)森嚴(yán)，上帝給了海斯特短暫的快樂(lè)后就給了她更為致命的打擊。在絞刑架上，她本可以說(shuō)出亞瑟的名字，得到更大的寬恕，可是她沒(méi)有這么做，她相信愛(ài)情，追求愛(ài)情，也勇敢得保護(hù)了自己的愛(ài)人，情愿用自己?jiǎn)伪〉纳眢w去承擔(dān)雙人份的痛苦，獨(dú)自面對(duì)世人對(duì)她的咒罵，鄙夷和踐踏。A字將海斯特打入了地獄，甚至陽(yáng)光一旦遇到她和她的紅字，就會(huì)消失得無(wú)影無(wú)蹤。 罪是書(shū)中另一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞。是以海斯特的通奸罪為本質(zhì)，以A字為表現(xiàn)形式，以小珍珠為載體，貫穿了整個(gè)小說(shuō)。前兩者較容易理解，小珍珠對(duì)于海斯特的意義卻并非只有女兒那么簡(jiǎn)單，她是海斯特的罪惡之花。在第八章中，海斯特向總督陳情時(shí)說(shuō)道，珍珠是她的幸福和希望，也是她的磨難，珍珠就是紅字?？梢?jiàn)，珍珠一面帶給海斯特生的希望，一面又時(shí)時(shí)刻刻提醒著海斯特自己的罪過(guò)。她就像A字，無(wú)論海斯特出現(xiàn)在哪，她總在身旁。在第十九章中，當(dāng)海斯特取下A字時(shí)，珍珠拒絕來(lái)到海斯特的身邊，而當(dāng)海斯特重新戴上A字時(shí)，珍珠才又回來(lái)，這是多么有意思的一幕，明顯得暗示了珍珠與A字有著很大的共性。 縱使面對(duì)生命如此多的痛苦和不公平，海斯特依然堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。她用自己的隱忍、善良和寬容為自己和珍珠搭建了一個(gè)庇護(hù)所，最終盼到了上帝的寬恕?；羯Ｓ眉?xì)膩的手法，探究了人類心靈的最深處，闡述了自己對(duì)于罪惡和天意基本的矛盾態(tài)度，創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)偉大的傳奇女性形象，也早就了這本經(jīng)典的傳世之作。 Summary of the Scarlet LetterHester Prynne was a kind, smart and beautiful British girl. Pitifully, she had to marry an old, ugly and hypocritical doctor, Roger Chillingworth, which Hester didnt love at all. This marriage buried Hesters happiness and youth. On the way to the North America, Roger was kidnapped by the Indians, thus, Heater lost touch with her husband and lived in Boston alone. During the lonely and tough “widow” life, Hester fell in love with the local clergyman, Arthur Dimmesdale, which was a prominent and outstanding young man. After their illegitimate daughters birth, Hester and her baby were jailed for the sin of adultery. Although the usual penalty for adultery was death, the Puritan judges had decided to be merciful to her, declaring that Hesters punishment would be to stand for several hours on the scaffold platform and to wear a scarlet piece of cloth formed into the letter “A”(the abbreviation of adultery). Furthermore, she had to wear this letter on her breast for the rest of her life. In order to protect Arthurs reputation and status, Hester refused to speak out the father of the sin-born infant. She was willing to endure the agony of her lover. Arthur was completely moved by Hesters strong will and generosity. In the assembly, Roger suddenly appeared on the edge of the crowd and recognized the woman standing on the scaffold platform was his wife. Later, as a doctor, Roger was brought into the prison and gave Hester and the baby medical care. He took the chance to threatened Hester and didnt allow her to tell anyone their relationship. He had determined to seek out the babys father and take revenge on that man.Hesters term of confinement came to end. She lived in a small thatched cottage on the outskirts of the town with her daughter, Pearl. Thanks to the excellent needlework, Hester not only fed herself and Pearl, but also donated the rest of her money to the poorer people. As time went by, Hester gradually gained the public recognition because of being tough and kind. The scarlet “A” had turned to be a symbol of “ability” and “angel”. At the same time, little Pearl grew up and became a lovely and beautiful girl. While as for Roger, he had found out that Arthur was his rival. He took pains to get close to Arthur and pretended to make friends with Arthur. On the surface, he treated Arthur, but in fact, he tortured Arthur both physically and mentally. Suffering from great self-condemnation, Arthur began to decline. Once he tried to run away with Hester in search of new life, unfortunately, their plan was spoiled by Roger. Later on, as a result, Arthur finally and completely fell in despair. Afterwards, during s procession, Arthur climbed to the scaffold platform with Hester and Pearl, in a very straightforward manner; he confessed to the crowd that he was Pearls father. Then he tore away the upper part of ministerial garments, revealing a “red stigma”. Exhausted and crushed, Arthur died. Losing the target of revenge, Roger also lost his hope of l