初三Unit2B1-11知識點 1. different adj. 不同的 be different from differently adv..doc

Unit 11. different adj. 不同的 be different from differently adv. 不同地 feel differently2.By: 通過.方式（途徑）。 例：I learn English by listening to tapes.在.旁邊。 例：by the window/the door 乘坐交通工具 例：by bus/car 在之前，到為止。例：by October在10月前 被 例：English is spoken by many people.3.how與what的區(qū)別： how通常對方式或程度提問，意思有：怎么樣 如何，通常用來做狀語、表語。 what通常對動作的發(fā)出者或接受者提問，意思為 什么，通常做賓語，主語。What to do? How to do it?e.g. What do you think of this book?=How do you like this book? I dont know what I should do with the matter.=I dont know how I should deal with it. What do you like about China?=How do you like China? I dont know what to do next step?=I dont know how to do it next step? What good / bad weather it is today!（weather為不可數(shù)名詞，其前不能加 a ） What a fine / bad day it is today! （day為可數(shù)名詞，其前要加 a ） 4. aloud, loud與loudly的用法 : 三個詞都與大聲或響亮有關(guān)。aloud是副詞,重點在出聲能讓人聽見,但聲音不一定很大, 常用在讀書上。通常放在動詞之后。aloud沒有比較級形式。如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗讀那篇故事給他兒子聽。loud可作形容詞或副詞。用作副詞時,常與speak, talk, laugh等動詞連用,多用于比較級,須放在動詞之后。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她讓我們說大聲一點。loudly是副詞,與loud同義,有時兩者可替換使用,但往往含有令人討厭或打擾別人的意思,可位于動詞之前或之后。如: He talks loudly in public. 他當眾大聲說話。5. voice 指人的嗓音 也指鳥鳴。sound 指人可以聽到的各種聲音。noise 指噪音、吵鬧聲6. find + 賓語 + 賓補（名詞 形容詞 介詞短語 分詞等） 例：I find him friendly. We found him in bed. I found him working in the garden.7. 常見的系動詞有： 是：am 、is、 are 保持：keep、 stay 轉(zhuǎn)變：become、 get、 turn 起來 feel、 look、 smell、 taste、 sound8. get + 賓語+賓補（形容詞 過去分詞 動詞不定式） 使某種情況發(fā)生例 Get Mr. Green to come. 讓格林先生進來I want to get my bike repaired. 我想去修自行車You cant get him waiting. 你不能讓他老等著9. quickly adv. 快地（做一件事情快） fast adv. 快地，迅速地（速度快） slowly adv. 慢地10. practice , fun 做名詞為不可數(shù)名詞 need a lot of practice 需要大量的練習(xí) for fun 為了娛樂 11. add 補充說 又說12. join 加入某團體 并成為其中一員 attend 出席參加會議或講座 join in與take part in指參加到某項活動中去。13all-none 三者或三者以上都不, both-neither 兩者都不, everything-nothing, everybody-nobody. every三者或三者以上的每一邊/ each兩者的每一邊14. be afraid of doing sth. / sth.害怕 be afraid of being alonebe afraid to do sth.害怕 be afraid that恐怕?lián)?，表示委婉語氣15.either：放在否定句末表示“也” 兩者中的“任一”eitheror或者或者. 要么要么引導(dǎo)主語部分，謂語動詞按照就近原則16.complete完成，是個較正式的詞，后不能接動名詞 complete sth.finish指日常事物的完成 finish doing sth./sth17.a,an 與序數(shù)詞連用表示“又一”，“再一”。 例：Please give me a second apple. There comes a fifth girl.18.have trouble/difficult/problem (in) doing. 干.遇到麻煩，困難19.unless 除非，如果不，等于“if not”本身就表示否定，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，主句為將來時，條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。 例：My baby sister doesnt cry unless shes hungry. =My baby sister doesnt cry if she isnt hungry.20.instead: adv. 代替，更換。例：We have no coffee, would you like tea instead？ 我們沒有咖啡了，改喝茶好嗎？instead of doing sth. 作為某人或某事物的替換 例：Lets play cards instead of watching TV. 21.spoken 口頭的，口語的。spoken English 口頭英語 speaking 講話的，說某種語言的。improve my speaking skills 提高我的講英語的能力22. 提建議的句子：(雖然句末有？號，但仍用some系列的詞)What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? Why dont you + do sth.? 如：Why dont you go shopping? Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? Lets + do sth. 如： Lets go shopping Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping? Would you like to do sth? Would you like to go shopping? Would you mind( my)doing sth? Would you mind my going shopping?23. a lot 許多 常用于句末 如：I eat a lot. 我吃了許多。24. tooto太而不能常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 如：Im too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想說。25. not at all 一點也不 根本不 如：I like milk very much. I dont like coffee at all. 26.be / get excited about sth.= be / get excited about doing sth. = be excited to do sth. 對感興奮 如： I am / get excited about going to Beijing.=I am excited to go to Beijing. 我對去北京感到興奮。27. end up doing sth 終止做某事，結(jié)束做某事 如：The party ended up singing. 晚會以唱歌而結(jié)束。 end up with sth. 以結(jié)束 如：The party ended up with her singing. 晚會以她的歌唱而告終。28. first of all 首先 to begin with 一開始 later on 后來、隨29. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中間 either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too 也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末=as well 30. make mistakes 犯錯 make mistakes (in) doing sth. 在干某事方面出錯如：I often make mistakes. 我經(jīng)常犯錯。make a mistake 犯一個錯誤 如： I made a mistake. 我已經(jīng)犯了一個錯誤。make mistakes in grammar 犯語法錯誤by mistake 錯誤地；由于搞錯 mistake-mistook-mistaken31. laugh at sb. 笑話；取笑（某人） 如：Dont laugh at me!不要取笑我!32. take notes 做筆記，做記錄 33. enjoy doing sth . 喜歡做樂意做 如： She enjoys playing football. 她喜歡踢足球。 enjoy oneself 過得愉快 如：He enjoyed himself. 他過得愉快。34. native speaker 說本族語的人35. one of +(the+形容詞比較級)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式其中之一 如：She is one of the most popular teachers. 36. Its +形容詞+(for sb. ) to do sth. (對于某人來說)做某事 如：Its difficult (for me ) to study English.對于我來說學(xué)習(xí)英語太難了。 句中的it 是形式主語，真正的主語是to study English37. practice doing 練習(xí)做某事 如：She often practice speaking English. 她經(jīng)常練習(xí)說英語。38. decide to do sth. 決定做某事 如：LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已經(jīng)決定去北京。39. deal with 處理 如：I dealt with a lot of problem.40. worry about sb./ sth. 擔(dān)心某人/ 某事 如：Mother worried about his son just now. 媽媽剛才擔(dān)心他的兒子。41. be angry with sb. 對某人生氣 如： I was angry with her. 我對她生氣。42. perhaps = maybe 也許43. go by (時間) 過去 如： Two years went by. 兩年過去了。44. see sb. / sth. doing 看見某人正在做某事 強調(diào)正在發(fā)生see sb. / sth. do 看見某人做了某事/經(jīng)常做某事 如：45. each other 彼此 46. regard as 把看作為. 如：The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 這些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。47. too many許多修飾可數(shù)名詞如：too many girls too much許多修飾不可數(shù)名詞 如：too much milk much too太修飾形容詞 如：much too beautiful48. changeinto將變?yōu)門he magician changed the pen into a book. 這個魔術(shù)師將這本書變?yōu)橐槐緯?9. with the help of sb. = with ones help 在某人的幫助下如：with the help of LiLei = with LiLeis help 在李雷的幫助下50. compare to 把與相比如：Compare you to Anna, you are lucky.你和安娜相比，你是幸運的。51.by making flashcards 通過做單詞抽認卡 52. askfor help 向某人求助 53. realize v. 認識到，了解到，意識到， 54.that way (=in that way) 通過那種方式55.improve my speaking skills 提高我的會話技巧 56.for example (=for instance)例如 57. secret n. 秘密 58.have conversations with friends 與朋友對話59.get excited 高興，激動 60.end up speaking in Chinese 以說漢語結(jié)束對話61.do a survey about 做有關(guān)的調(diào)查 62.take notes 記筆記 keep an English notebook 記英語筆記63.pronounce v. 發(fā)音 pronunciation n. 發(fā)音 get the pronunciation right 使發(fā)音準確 64.in class在課堂上 65.write down 寫下，記下66.look up (v + adv) 查找，查詢 look them up in the dictionary 在字典中查閱他們 67.make up 編造，虛構(gòu)，化妝，打扮 68.around the world 全世界69.go by 消逝 70. regardas 把當做71.complain about/of 抱怨 72.think of (think about) 想起，想到 73.physical problems身體上的問題74.break off 中斷，突然終止 75. notat all 根本不，全然不76.learner n. 學(xué)習(xí)者77. term n. 學(xué)期78. impress v. 使感動，使印象深刻79. soft adj. 軟的80. Its ones duty to do sth. 做某事是某人的責(zé)任81. influence v. 影響82. lose v. 失去； 喪失83. soldier n. 士兵、軍人84. try ones best 盡力做85. Check in : 在旅館的登記入住。 Check out: 在旅館結(jié)賬離開。Unit 21. used to 過去常常做某事,暗指現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不存在的動作或狀態(tài). 后跟動詞原形. used to do sth. There used to be .（反意疑問句）didnt there?否定形式為: didnt use to 或 usednt to疑問形式為: Diduse to? 或 Usedto?be/get used to doing sth.習(xí)慣于, to 為介詞.2. wear 表示狀態(tài). =be in +顏色的詞 put on 表示動作. dress + 人 給某人穿衣服.dress sb. / oneselfhave on表示狀態(tài)（不用于進行時態(tài)）3. on the swim team on 是的成員,在供職.4. Dont you remember me? 否定疑問句.（考點） Yes, I do. 不, 我記得. No, I dont 是的, 我不記得了.5. sleep v. 睡覺 go to sleep=go to bed sleepy adj. 有睡意的，困倦的 be sleepy asleep adj. 熟睡的 be/fall asleep6. be terrified of 害怕的 程度比 be afraid of 深.7. miss: 思念, 想念 例: I really miss the old days. 錯過, 未中, 未趕上, 未找到. 例: Its a pity that you miss the bus.8. eat candy 吃糖果 chew gum嚼口香糖 9. right: adj. 正確的, 右邊的 n. 右方, 權(quán)利 adv. 直接地. go right home10. seem +adj. It seems beautiful.Seem to do It seems that+that 從句Yu Mei seems to have changed a lot. = It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. 11. afford + n. /pron. afford + to do 常與can, be able to 連用.例: Can you afford a new car? The film couldnt afford to pay such large salaries.12. as well as 連詞, 不但而且 強調(diào)前者. (若引導(dǎo)主語, 謂動與前者在人稱和數(shù)上一致例: Living things need air and light as well as water. 生命不僅需要水, 還需要空氣和陽光. I as well as they am ready to help you. 不僅是他們, 我也愿意幫助你.13. alone = by oneself 獨自一人. lonely 孤獨的, 寂寞的.14. in the last/past + 一段時間 during the last/past + 一段時間 與現(xiàn)在完成時連用.15. die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.) dying (垂死的)16. play the piano彈鋼琴17. be/ become interested in sth. 對感興趣be interested in doing sth. 對做感興趣show great interest in 在方面產(chǎn)生極大的興趣a place of interest 一處名勝 some places of interest 如：He is interested in math, but he isnt interested in speaking English. 他對數(shù)學(xué)感興趣，但是他對說英語不感興趣。 interested adj. 感興趣的，指人對某事物感興趣，往往主語是人 interesting adj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主語往往是物 an interesting book / man 18. daily adj. 每日的，日常的 daily life 日常生活19. on 副詞，表示（電燈、電視、機械等）在運轉(zhuǎn)中/打開，其反義詞off. with the light on 燈開著20. walk to somewhere 步行到某處 walk to school 步行到學(xué)校21. sb. spend 動詞，表示“花費金錢、時間”( spent spent)sb spendon sth. 在某事上花費（金錢、時間）He spends too much time on clothes. 他花費太多的時間在衣著sb spenddoing sth. 花費（錢、時間）去做某事如He spend 3 months building the bridge.他花費了三個月去建這座橋。Sb. pay 錢for 物 花費 (paid, paid ) 如：I pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了10元買這本書。 Sth cost sb some money (cost, cost) Tthe book cost me 10 yuan.take動詞 有“花費”的意思（took, took）常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有：It take(s) sb to do sth. 如It takes me a day to read the book.22. chat with sb. 與某人閑聊如：I like to chat with him. 我喜歡和他聊天。23. worry about sb./ sth. 擔(dān)心某人/某事worry 是動詞be worried about sb./sth. 擔(dān)心某人/某事worried 是形容詞如：Dont worry about him. 不用擔(dān)心他。 Mother is worried about her son. 媽媽擔(dān)心他的兒子。24. all the time 一直、始終25. take sb. to + 地方送/帶某人去某個地方如： A person took him to the hospital. 一個人把他送到了醫(yī)院。Lui took me home. 劉把我送回了家(home 的前面不能用to)26. hardly adv. 幾乎不、沒有 hard 困難的；猛烈地hardly ever 很少hardly 修飾動詞時，通常放在助動詞、情態(tài)動詞之后，實義動詞之前助動詞/情態(tài)動詞hardlyhardly + 實義動詞如：I can hardly understand them. 我?guī)缀醪荒軌蛎靼姿麄?。I hardly have time to do it. 我?guī)缀鯖]有時間去做了。It rains hard outside, I could hardly go out.27. cause v. 引起28. 反身代詞myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself herself itself themselves 29. how to swim 怎樣游泳不定式與疑問詞連用：動詞不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引導(dǎo)的疑問句連用，構(gòu)成不定式短語。如： The question is when to start. 問題是什么時候開始。 I dont know where to go. 我不知道去哪。30. make sb./ sth. + 形容詞make you happy make sb./ sth. + 動詞原形 make him laugh31. move to +地方搬到某地如：I moved to Beijing last year.32. patient adj. 有耐心的33. waste ones time 浪費某人的時間34. fifteen-year-old 作形容詞15歲的 fifteen-year-olds 作名詞指15歲的人 fifteen years old 指年齡15歲如：a fifteen-year-old boy一個15歲的男孩Fifteen-year-olds like to sing. 15歲的人喜歡唱歌。I am fifteen years old . 我是15歲。35. gym class 體操課.36. as + 形容詞./副詞as sb. could/can 盡某人的能力如： Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她盡她最快的能力去跑。37. get into trouble with 遇到麻煩38. in the end 最后39. decide v. 決定decide to do sth. decision n. 決定 make a decision 下決定下決心40. to ones surprise 令某人驚訝如：to their surprise令他們驚訝to LiLeis surprise令李雷驚訝41. take pride in sth. 以而自豪如：His father always take pride in him. 他的爸爸總是以他而自豪. Be proud of 以而自豪 如：His father is always proud of him. 他的爸爸總是以他而自豪.42. pay attention to sth. 對注意，留心如：You must pay attention to your friend. 你應(yīng)該多注意你的朋友。43. be able to do sth. 能做某事如：She is able to do it. 她能夠做到。44. all the time 一直, 總是45. walk to school = go to school on foot take the bus to school = go to school by bus 46. give up doing sth. 放棄做某事如：My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已經(jīng)放棄吸煙了。47.復(fù)合句與簡單句的轉(zhuǎn)化： when - at the age of sothat- too to. / enough to so that- in order to do sth. because- because of if .- without / with if- 祈使句+ and / or + 簡單句 賓語從句-特殊疑問詞+動詞不定式 be afraid be sure that +從句- 動詞不定式 be sorry It seems / seemed that sb.- sb. seems / seemed to do sth. Sb. hopes / hoped that -sb. hopes / hoped to do sth.Unit 31.should be done 應(yīng)該被做 should do= be supposed to do 應(yīng)該做某事2. allow sb. to do sth. allow doing sth允許(某人)做某事（主動語態(tài)）如：Mother allows me to watch TV every night.be allowed to do sth. 被允許做某事（被動語態(tài)）如：LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允許去欽州。3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞讓/使（別人）做某事 get sth. done(過去分詞) have sth. done 如：I get my car repaired. = I have my car repaired. 我讓別人修好我的車4. enough 足夠形容詞enough 如：beautiful enough足夠漂亮 enough名詞如：enough food 足夠食物I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足夠的錢去北京。 enough to do sth足夠去做如：She is old enough to go to school.她夠大去讀書了。5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事Please stop speaking.請停止說話。stop to do sth. 停止下來去做某事Please stop to speak. 請停下來說話。6. earing n. 耳環(huán)7.倒裝句: 由so助動詞(be/do/will/have)/情態(tài)動詞主語意為：也是一樣Neither/Nor + be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語(前為否定) 表示與前面所述事實一致.She is a student. So am I.她是一個學(xué)生，我也是。 She went to school just now. So did I . 她剛才去學(xué)校了，我也是 She has finished the work. So have I . 她已經(jīng)完成了工作,我也完成了。She will go to school. So will he.她將去學(xué)校，他也是。Tom cant swim. Neither can John.8. design ones own clothes設(shè)計自己的衣服9. stay up 熬夜如：I often stay up until 12:00pm.我經(jīng)常熬夜到12點。10. clean up 打掃整理如：I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已經(jīng)打掃完了臥室。11. at the local hospital 在當?shù)蒯t(yī)院12. 曾經(jīng)做某事：Do you ever get to school late? Yes, I do. No, I dont. Have you ever got to school late? Yes, I have. No, I havent.13. go shopping(去購物), go fishing(去釣魚)go swimming(去游泳), go boating(去劃船)go hiking(去登山), go trekking(去徒步)14. .be strict with+人. be strict in+事物.例: The head teacher is strict with his students. He is strict in the work.15. take the test 參加考試 pass the test 通過考試 fail a test 考試失敗16. the other day前幾天,不久前的一天.(用于過去時) every other day = every two days 每隔一天 （每兩天）17. agree 同意反義詞 disagree不同意 動詞 agreement 同意反義詞 disagreement 不同意名詞agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的意見 如：I agree to LiLei.18. keep sb/ sth. 形容詞使某人/某物保持.如：We should keep our city clean. 我們應(yīng)該保持我們的城市干凈。keep sb. doing 使某人一直做某事 Dont keep me waiting for a long time.別讓我等得太久。19. bothand+動詞復(fù)數(shù)形式如： Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball.20. learn (sth.) from sb. 向誰學(xué)習(xí)(什么) 如：Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英語老師學(xué)習(xí)英語21. have an opportunity to do sth. 有機會做某事 have a chance of doing sth. 有機會做某事 如：I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. I have a chance of going to Beijing.22. at present 目前23. at least 最少 at most 最多24. experience v. 經(jīng)歷、體驗experience u.n. 經(jīng)驗 have a lot of experience 有著豐富的經(jīng)驗 c.n. 經(jīng)歷 its a good experience. 這是一次好的經(jīng)歷。25. have +時間段+off 放假，休息 如：have 2 days offoff 不工作,不上班,不上學(xué),不值班.例: I think Ill take the afternoon off. 我想下午歇班.26. reply to sb. 答復(fù)某人 如：She replayed to MrGreen. answer the question 回答問題27. obey the rules 遵守規(guī)則28. get in the way of 礙事，妨礙 如： Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社會生活妨礙了她的學(xué)習(xí)。29. success n. succeed v. successful adj. successfully adv. 30. think about 與think of 的區(qū)別 當兩者譯為： 認為、想起、記著時，兩者可互用 I often think about/ of that day. 我經(jīng)常想起那天。 think about 還有“考慮”之意 ，think of 想到、想出時兩者不能互用At last, he thought of a good idea. 最后他想出了一個好主意。 We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我們正在考慮去欽州。31. 對 熱衷， 對興趣be serious about doing 如：She is serious about dancing. 她對跳舞熱衷。be serious about sth. 如：She is serious about him. 她對他感興趣。32. important adj. 重要的 importance n. 重要性 the importance of 的重要性33. care about sb. 關(guān)心某人 如：Mother often care about her son. 34. also 也 用于句中 either也 用于否定句且用于句末 too=as well 也 用于肯定句且用于句末 I am also a student. 我也是一個學(xué)生 I am a student too. 我也是一個學(xué)生。I am not a student either. 我也不是一個學(xué)生。35. race n. 比賽 賽跑36. silly 指頭腦簡單,傻頭傻腦,使人覺得可笑,帶有感情色彩. 37. point n . 要點， 論點38.clean (v.) 打掃,清理 clean up 徹底地打掃,清理 39.concentrate on 全神貫注做例: This company concentrates on China market. 這家公司把重點放在中國市場上.40. morethan與其說不如說; 比更例: The man is more stupid than nervous.與其說那人緊張,倒不如說他愚蠢.在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,more做adj. 修飾名詞,表示“比多”例:I have more books than you. 我的書比你的多.41. get in the way (of). 妨礙.The bikes over there will get in the way of others. 自行車放在那里會妨礙別人的.42. part-time jobs 兼職工作 43. a drivers license 駕照44. on weekends 在周末 45. at that age 在那個年齡段46. on school nights 在上學(xué)期間的每個晚上 47. all my classmates 我所有的同學(xué) 48. get noisy 吵鬧(系表結(jié)構(gòu)) 49.English-English dictionary 英英詞典 50.eight hours sleep a night 每晚8小時的睡眠51. an old peoples home 敬老院 52. primary schools 小學(xué) 53. a professional athlete 職業(yè)運動員 54. achieve ones dreams 實現(xiàn)夢想 55. mess n. 臟亂 混亂 56. -I think students should be allowed to do homework with friends. - I agree./I disagree. The talked instead of doing homework.in -Do you think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to choose their own clothes? -Yes, I do. / No, I dont.57. other 其他的 others 其他的人或物 the other 兩者中另一者 the others 多者中除一部分外剩余的全部 another 又一 另一Unit 41.wear a tie 系領(lǐng)帶2. pretend to do sth.假裝做某事 I pretended to sleep just now. pretend to be doing sth. 假裝正在干某事 The students pretended to be writing when the teacher came in. pretend +從句 假裝 I pretended that I fell asleep. 3. be late for 遲到 如： I am late for work/ school/ class/ party.4. a few 與 a little 的區(qū)別，few 與 little 的區(qū)別 a few 一些 修飾可數(shù)名詞 a little 一些 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 兩者表肯定意義 如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。 few 少數(shù)的 修飾可數(shù)名詞 little 少數(shù)的修飾不可數(shù)名詞 但兩者表否定意義 如：He has few friends. 他沒有幾個朋友。 There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里沒有多少糖。5. hundred, thousand , million, billion (十億)詞前面有數(shù)詞或several 一詞時要不能加s ，反之，則要加s 并與of 連用， 表示數(shù)量很多 如：several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people 幾百/千/百萬/十億人 hundr