高中英語 語法過關(guān)定語從句輔導課件.pptVIP

十一 定語從句一 關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句關(guān)系代詞who whom whose which that引導定語從句時 可在從句中作主語 賓語 定語等句子成分 who代指人 作主語或賓語 whom代指人 作動詞賓語或介詞賓語 whose代指人 ofwhom 或物 ofwhich 作定語 which代指物 作主語或賓語 that代指人或物 作主語 賓語或表語 thisisthedetectivewhocamefromlondon thebookwhich thatiamreadingiswrittenbythomashardy thedeskwhoselegisbrokenisveryold heisnolongertheboythatheusedtobetwoyearsago 使用關(guān)系代詞時應注意以下幾點 1 介詞 關(guān)系代詞 可以引導定語從句 但關(guān)系代詞只可用whom或which 不可用who或that theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop inthedarkstreet therewasn tasinglepersonto whomshecouldturnforhelp 2 whose n 引導定語從句時 可換成 the n ofwhom which 或 ofwhich the n helivesinabighousewhosewindowfacesthesea helivesinabighousethewindowofwhichfacesthesea helivesinabighouseofwhichthewindowfacesthesea 3 which引導的定語從句還可修飾前面整個主句 此時which相當于andthis hesucceededinthecompetition whichmadehisparentsveryhappy theweatherturnedouttobeverygood whichwasmorethanwecouldexpect 注 判斷定語從句用什么引導詞的關(guān)鍵是看先行詞在從句中作什么成分 i llneverforgetthedaythat whichispentwithyouonthefarm 先行詞theday作spent的賓語 ispentthedaywithyouonthefarm i llneverforgetthedaywheniworkedtogetherwithyouonthefarm 先行詞theday在從句中作狀語 iworkedtogetherwithyouonthefarmonthatday heworksinthefactorywhichmakescolortvsets 先行詞thefactory在從句中作主語 thefactorymakescolortvsets heworksinthefactorywherecolortvsetsaremade 先行詞thefactory在從句中作狀語 colortvsetsaremadeinthefactory 二 關(guān)系副詞引導的定語從句1 關(guān)系副詞when where why在定語從句中分別表示時間 地點或原因 關(guān)系副詞when在從句中充當時間狀語 where充當?shù)攸c狀語 why充當原因狀語 當先行詞在定語從句中作狀語時 引導詞要用關(guān)系副詞 iwillneverforgetthedaywhenimetmr lin thisistheplacewherewelivedfor5years iknowthereasonwhyhecamelate 2 關(guān)系副詞常可換成 介詞 關(guān)系代詞 when可換成on in bywhich等 where可換成at in fromwhich等 why換成forwhich thisisthefactorywhereipaidavisittheotherday thisisthefactoryto which i paid a visittheotherday thisisthefactorythat which i visitedtheotherday 3 that有時可以代替關(guān)系副詞引導定語從句 此時that可以省去 不過這是一種非正式用法 ithappenedontheday that when iwasborn 4 way后面的定語從句不能用how引導 如way在從句中作狀語 應用inwhich或that引導 甚至還可省略引導詞 如作主語或賓語應用that或which引導 idon tliketheway inwhich that hetalks thewaythat whichhethoughtoftosolvetheproblemmightbehelpful 5 fromwhere為 介詞 關(guān)系副詞 結(jié)構(gòu) 它也可以引導定語從句 tomhidhimselfbehindthedoor fromwherehecouldhearthestepsofhismotherclearly 6 as引導的定語從句as有 正如 就像 之意 可引導非限制性定語從句 從句可位于主句的前面 中間或后面 但which引導的非限制性定語從句一般只能放在主句之后 ashadbeenexpected theenglandteamwonthefootballmatch theresultoftheexperimentwasverygood whichwehadn texpected 7 非限制性定語從句與并列句的識別非限制性定語從句與主句之間要用 逗號 分隔 并且不能加入and but so等連接詞 并列句一般由and but so等詞連接 或中間用 分號 隔開 hepaidtheboy 10forwashingthewindows mostofwhichhadn tbeencleanedforatleastayear hepaidtheboy 10forwashingthewindows andmostofthemhadn tbeencleanedforatleastayear hepaidtheboy 10forwashingthewindows mostofthemhadn tbeencleanedforatleastayear 8 定語從句與同位語從句的區(qū)別同位語從句是位于名詞answer belief doubt decision explanation fact hope idea information news order problem promise truth等后的句子 并對這些名詞進行補充說明或解釋 從句一般是一個完整的句子 引導詞that只起引導作用 不作句子成分 且that不可省略 同位語從句不可用which引導 而定語從句通常是一個不完整的句子 缺少主語或賓語等 thefactthatshehasn tknowntheresultoftheexaminationisclear thefact that which shetoldmeyesterdayisveryimportant 過關(guān)落實1 somepre schoolchildrengotoadaycarecenter theylearnsimplegamesandsongs a thenb therec whiled where解析 where引導非限制性定語從句 在從句中作地點狀語 答案 d2 hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool hewentontobeijinguniversity a afterwhichb afterthatc inwhichd inthat解析 afterwhich引導定語從句 which指上面的句子hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool 表示 在當?shù)馗咧惺芙逃笊狭吮本┐髮W 答案 a 3 thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity sightmattersmorethanhearing a whenb whosec whichd where解析 先行詞是activity 關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點狀語 表示 在這種活動中 故選where 答案 d4 wheredidyougettoknowher itwasonthefarm weworked a thatb therec whichd where解析 where引導定語從句修飾thefarm 在從句中作地點狀語 答案 d 5 thebookwaswrittenin1946 theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatchanges a whenb duringwhichc sincethend sincewhen解析 1946是先行詞 when引導定語從句 由句意可知 關(guān)系詞前應加since 譯為 自從那時 答案 d6 byservingothers apersonfocusesonsomeoneotherthanhimselforherself canbeveryeye openingandrewarding a whob whichc whatd that解析 which引導非限制性定語從句 在從句中作主語 答案 b 7 iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking thefirst ireallyenjoyed a ofthatb ofwhichc thatd which解析 ofwhich指ofthethreebooksoncooking of結(jié)構(gòu)提前 指物時關(guān)系代詞用which 答案 b8 thebeatles manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember camefromliverpool a whatb thatc howd as解析 as引導非限制性定語從句 答案 d 9 wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty andoneofthemcameuptous wegavesomebellsandglasses a towhichb towhomc withwhomd withwhich解析 當介詞結(jié)構(gòu) to 提前 指人時 關(guān)系代詞用whom 答案 b10 isawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark beforeicouldrecognizewhoshewas shehadrunbackinthedirection shehadcome a ofwhichb bywhichc inwhichd fromwhich解析 從哪個方向來 為comefromthedirection 變?yōu)槎ㄕZ從句時from提前 用which引導定語從句 答案 d 11 itisfarbetterforonetodrinkmilk onegetshealthfulnutrients thantodrinkcoffee containsnonutrientsatall a what whatb where asc fromwhich whichd inwhich what解析 根據(jù)句意 人們從牛奶中得到有益健康的營養(yǎng)成分 可知 第一個空應填fromwhich 兩個從句都是非限制性定語從句 指物時 關(guān)系代詞用which 故選c項 答案 c12 lastoctoberchinalauncheditssecondmannedspaceshipshenzhou twochineseastronautstraveledinspaceforfivedays a inwhichb atwhichc bywhichd fromwhich解析 先行詞為shenzhou 定語從句表示 兩名宇航員來此飛船 故用inwhich 答案 a 13 theauthorsofcomputervirusesaregeniuses iagree theycanapplytheirwisdomtoothernettechnology humanbeingscanbenefit a inwhichb throughwhichc onwhichd fromwhich解析 benefitfrom 從 中獲益 獲得好處 from提前且定語從句先行詞為物時 用which 答案 d14 today ssichuanhasbecomearepresentativeofthewestdevelopment aplace hopesandopportunitieshaverepl