英文書信格式及例文.docx

英文書信格式及例文2009-01-12 15:55英文書信格式及例文(一) 英文書信的組成部分英文書信一般由六部分組成。即：信頭（Heading）信內(nèi)地址（Inside Address）稱呼（Salutation）正文（Body of Letter）結(jié)束語（Complimentary Close）署名（Signature）， 有時在書信后面還有附言（Postscript）、附件（Enclosure），這得視具體情況而定。下面將分別說明。1. 信頭（Heading） 信頭是指寫信人的地址和寫信日期， 一般寫在或打在第一面信紙的右上角，先寫地址再寫日期，地址的寫法是從小到大，先寫門牌號、路號，再寫區(qū)名、市名、省名，最后寫國名。時間的寫法對英國人和美國人而言是不同的。英國人習(xí)慣按日、月、年的順序?qū)懀?而美國人習(xí)慣按月、日、年的順序?qū)?。例如?英式：1st October，1999 美式：October 1，1999寫日期注意下列各點(diǎn)：年份應(yīng)寫全，例如不能用“99”來代替“1999”；月份應(yīng)寫英文名稱，除May, July外，可用縮寫，如：Sep., Oct.。但不要用數(shù)字來代替，如7499 或7， 4， 99，因?yàn)樵谟巳掌诖?7th April，1999，而美國則代表4th July，1999。 日期可用1，2，3，411，1221，2231等，也可用lst，2nd，3rd，4th11th，21th22nd31st等。日期的幾種寫法：aJuly 7，1998 b1st October, 1998 c30 Nov., 1997 dSep. 3rd, 1999 特別注意英文書信日期應(yīng)緊接著寫信人地址下一行，不能像寫中文書信那樣寫在書信簽名之后，這是很多學(xué)生的常見錯誤。在使用前一種形式時，月和年之間的逗號可用可不用，但是在后一種形式中，必需要使用逗號。 信頭的寫法有縮進(jìn)式和齊頭式?？s進(jìn)式每行開頭向右縮進(jìn)一兩個字母；齊頭式左邊對齊排列，如下所示： 縮進(jìn)式注意：寫地址的次序與中文不同，應(yīng)先寫門牌號碼街道，然后城市和國名。寫地址時采用齊頭或縮進(jìn)式，以及每行后要不要加標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號，都沒有固定的規(guī)定。如寫給經(jīng)常往來的親友，這項(xiàng)地址也可以省略。Wang Ming Dept. of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 Liaoning Province P. R. China 齊頭式 Wang Ming Dept. of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 Liaoning Province P. R. China2. 信內(nèi)地址 （Inside Address） 信內(nèi)地址要寫出收信人的姓名和地址。一般給比較生疏的親友的信和公事信件要寫出信內(nèi)地址，而熟悉朋友可以省去這一步驟。信內(nèi)地址寫出在日期下一兩行的左上角，第一行寫收信人的稱呼姓名，然后寫出地址。地質(zhì)也是從小到大寫出，分縮進(jìn)式和齊頭式兩種。例如： 縮進(jìn)式 The President Oxford University England齊頭式 Jiang Bin 64Heping Road P.R.China3.稱呼（Salutation） 稱呼是對收信人的稱謂。在信內(nèi)地址下一兩行處頂格寫起，自成一行。末尾用逗號或冒號。 （1）當(dāng)給一位熟悉的人寫信時可以用Dear 或是My Dear。在英國，My Dear 比Dear親切，而在美國，Dear比My Dear 親切。 （2）當(dāng)給一位你不知婚否的女性寫信時，可以用Ms.，這是指女士。 （3）在給不熟悉的人寫信時，可以用Dear sir, Dear Madam, Dear sirs, Gentleman 等等。 對父母、兄弟、姐妹等；aFather, bMy dear Mother, c. Dear Sister, d. Dear Tom, 對親戚：aMy dear Auntie, bDear Cousin, cMy dear Cousin, 對朋友、同學(xué)aMy dear friend, bDear Mr Jackson, cMy dear Mr Jackson, dDear Sir, 對未婚女子：aDear Miss Luce, bMy dear Miss Luce, 對一般女子，不論是否結(jié)婚：aMadame, bDear Madame, 對已婚女子：aDear Mrs Helen Jackson, bMy dear Mrs Helen Jackson, 對公司、工廠、學(xué)校等：aDear Sirs, bSirs, cGentlemen,4正文（Body of Letter） 正文是一封信的主體部分。通常在稱呼的下一行寫出。正文也可采用齊頭式或縮進(jìn)式的方法。齊頭式是反映每段開頭一行和后面行并齊。縮進(jìn)式是指每段的第一行向右縮進(jìn)幾個字母。信箋講究簡潔、效率。開頭幾句簡單地寒暄后就不如正題，在結(jié)尾處要有祝愿和敬語。 常用的開頭語有： I have received your letter of July Ist. 7月1 日來信已經(jīng)收悉。 I have the pleasure to tell you that .很高興告訴你。 I am very much delighted to receive your letter. 非常高興收到你的來信。 It is my honor to inform you that 很榮幸告訴你。 常用的結(jié)束套話有： I am looking forward to hearing from you 盼早日回信。 Wish best regards. 祝好。 Thank you for your help 感謝你的幫助！ Wish my best wishes for your success. 祝你成功。 Wishing you a happy holiday. 祝假日愉快！ Hoping to hear from you soon. 希望能盡快收到你的回信。開頭語相當(dāng)于中文的“敬君者”。aI beg to inform you that bI beg to take this opportunity to inform you that cI have the honor to address you thatd I write in a hurry to inform you that eI have the pleasure to tell you that f. Im very much delighted to inform you that 相當(dāng)于中文的“接讀某月某日來信，一切知悉”。aI thank you very much for your letter of May 20th bYour letter of May 20th has been received with thanks. cIt gives me great pleasure to receive your kind of May 20th. dIn answer to your kind letter of May 20th, I deeply regret that eI have received your kind letter of May 20th. fWords cant express my delight on finding your favor of yesterday on my desk this morning. gYour letter dated May 20th has been received. 結(jié)尾語采用三種方法：采用分詞短語：句末用逗號，不用句號。例如：aWaiting for your good news, bLooking forward to your early reply, cHoping to hear from you soon, dHoping you are enjoying good health, eRegretting that I cant give you a more favorite reply, fRegretting the trouble Im causing you, gWishing you every success, hWishing you a pleasant journey, iWishing you a happy New Year, 采用介詞短語，例如：aWith best regards, bWith kind regards to your family, cWith best wishes to you and yours, dWith best wishes for your success and happiness, eWith best wishes for your success in your new field of work, fWith best regards and wishing you all success, gWith warmest regards, hWith best regards to you and your family, iWith the seasons greetings, 采用完整句子：aWe are waiting for your good news. bI hope to receive your early reply. cWe look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience. dI thank you very much for your services, and wish your continued success.結(jié)束語（Complimentary Close） 結(jié)束語在正文之后隔一兩行的偏右方開始寫出。開頭字母用大寫，以后的字母用小寫，最后一個詞后面用逗句。 常用的結(jié)束語有： 一般非正式的關(guān)系： Yours sincerely, Yours truly, Yours faithfully, Most sincerely, Faithfully yours, 親密的關(guān)系： Love, Yours love, Yours Affectionately, With love, Lovingly yours, Yours ever, 上級和長者： Yours respectfully, Faithfully yours,署名（Signature） 在結(jié)束語的下方是簽名，先手寫出，再打出來。如果收信人不認(rèn)識寫出信人，可以在署名前用括號標(biāo)出Mr.、Miss或Ms。在名稱下面可注上頭銜。如： Yours sincerely, Lucy Blake (手寫) Lucy Blake (Miss)(打印) Sales Manager附言（Postscript）,附件（Enclosure） 在信件正文寫作時可能漏掉了某些事，或臨時發(fā)生了某事需要補(bǔ)充時，可以在信下面左下方寫出上P.S. 如果隨信有附件可在愛左下端注明。如： Enclosure:1.Invoice(發(fā)票) 2.Resume(個人簡歷)（二）英文書信實(shí)例 上面介紹了英文寫信的主要組成部分以及各部分的寫作特點(diǎn)，接下來我們將提供五種英文書信的范例。 祝賀信 當(dāng)朋友有了喜事，如結(jié)婚、高升、獲獎的時候，你可以向他寫出一封祝賀信，表達(dá)你的囑咐與恭賀。例文 Mechanical Engineering Department Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 Liaoning,China November28,1999 Mr. WangXiming Mechanical Engineering Department Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Mass. 02139 U.S.A. Dear Mr. Wang, Thank you for your letter of November 3,1999. I am sorry not to have written back earlier but time seems to pass so quickly. I learnt from your letter that you had received you masters degree. I would like to congratulate you on your splendid success. In this letter I am bringing you a piece of good news：your wife gave a birth of a boy last week and she ins in good health now. The baby weighed eight jin at birth. Yesterday my wife and some other neighbors went to the hospital to see your wife and to congratulate her on the birth. She told them that she had been nursed with the best care since she was in hospital. Now Im taking the Visiting School Test in Beijing. If I pass the examination, Ill leave for America soon. If not, Ill wait for another chance. Ive never been to the U.S.A., and I know little about the institutions and customs there. I hope that you will write to me and tell me more about them. With best regards to you and your classmates. Yours sincerely, Zhang Jiao2 感謝信 當(dāng)別人幫了你一個忙時，你應(yīng)該給他寫封信，以示感激。 例文 Dear John: Thank you very much for the nice birthday present you have sent me! I have been longing for a dictionary for a long time. It will surly be very helpful to my study. Its very nice of you to remember my birthday. Ill make good use of the dictionary and Ill think of you with gratitude and affection every time I use it. Love, Sally3邀請信 當(dāng)邀請某位朋友參加活動，如交游、宴會時，可以寫一封邀請信。信的語氣應(yīng)該謙遜，熱情。 例文 Dear Mr. Clark: We are wondering if you and Mrs. Clark want to have supper with us on Friday, January 21st at seven oclock? James and I are looking forward with great pleasure to seeing you and Mrs.Clark. We do hope you can come. Sincerely yours, Lucy Wheeler4 申請信 當(dāng)申請一項(xiàng)工作，或是申請一個學(xué)校留學(xué)時，都應(yīng)該使用申請信。申請信應(yīng)該簡潔、明確、如實(shí)地反映你的才能、成績、愿望和目標(biāo)。例文下面是一封申請留學(xué)的書信：The Department of Civil Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 Liaoning Province P.R.China November 20,1999 Prof. Steeve Hunter The