初中英語的八種時態(tài).docx

. 初中英語八種時態(tài)歸納復(fù)習(xí)時態(tài)是英語學(xué)習(xí)中一個至關(guān)重要的內(nèi)容，廣大初中學(xué)生在實(shí)際運(yùn)用時，往往對時態(tài)總是倍感棘手，下面我們就歸納復(fù)習(xí)一下這幾種時態(tài)。一、一般現(xiàn)在時：概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。時間狀語：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動詞；行為動詞否定形式：am/is/are+not;此時態(tài)的謂語動詞若為行為動詞，則在其前加dont,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesnt，同時還原行為動詞。一般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首；用助動詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時，還原行為動詞。二、一般過去時：概念：過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為。時間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動詞；行為動詞否定形式：was/were+not;在行為動詞前加didnt，同時還原行為動詞。一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；用助動詞do的過去式did 提問，同時還原行為動詞。三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時正在進(jìn)行的動作及行為。時間狀語：now, at this time, these days, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首。四、過去進(jìn)行時：概念：表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動作。時間狀語：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語等?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doing否定形式：was/were + not + doing.一般疑問句：把was或were放于句首。五、現(xiàn)在完成時：概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。時間狀語：recently, lately, sincefor,in the past few years, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has + done否定形式：have/has + not +d one.一般疑問句：have或has。六、過去完成時：概念：以過去某個時間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動作或行為，或在過去某動作之前完成的行為，即“過去的過去”。時間狀語：before, by the end of last year(term, month),etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：had + done.否定形式：had + not + done.一般疑問句：had放于句首。七、一般將來時：概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。時間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do.否定形式：was/were + not; 在行為動詞前加didnt，同時還原行為動詞。一般疑問句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。八、過去將來時：概念：立足于過去某一時刻，從過去看將來，常用于賓語從句中。時間狀語：the next day(morning, year),the following month(week),etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were/going to + do；would/should + do.否定形式：was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。. 幾種常見時態(tài)的相互轉(zhuǎn)換英語中的幾種時態(tài)在一定情況下可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換，以下是幾種常見的轉(zhuǎn)換形式：一、一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的轉(zhuǎn)換在現(xiàn)在完成時中，延續(xù)性動詞能與表示一段時間的狀語連用，瞬間動詞卻不能。但是，可用別的表達(dá)方式：瞬間動詞用于“一段時間 + ago”的一般過去時的句型中；瞬間動詞可改成與之相對應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞及短語，與一段時間連用；瞬間動詞用于“It is + 一段時間 + since + 一般過去時”的句型中，表示“自從以來有時間”的意思，主句一般用it is來代替It has been;瞬間動詞用于“Some time has passed since + 一般過去時”的句型中。請看：A. He joined the League two years ago.B. He has been in the League for two years.C. It is two years since he joined the League.D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.二、一般現(xiàn)在時與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的轉(zhuǎn)換在一般現(xiàn)在時中，at加上名詞表示“處于某種狀態(tài)”，如at work（在工作）, at school（上學(xué)、上課）等。此短語可與進(jìn)行時態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換。請看：Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.Peter is working, but Mike is playing.三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時與一般將來時的轉(zhuǎn)換在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)中g(shù)o, come, leave, start, arrive等動詞常與表示將來的時間狀語連用表示將要發(fā)生的動作。如：I am coming, Mum! 意為“我就來，媽媽！”請看：The train is leaving soon.The train will leave soon.四、“be going to+動詞原形”與“will(shall)+動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換“be going to+動詞原形”、表示打算、計(jì)劃要做的事；將來時“will(shall)+動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)在書面語中，當(dāng)主語為第一人稱時，常用助動詞shall。在口語中，所有人稱都可以用will。請看：We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday初中英語57個中考必備句型1 as soon as2 asas3 asas possible4 ask sb. for sth.5 ask/tell sb. (how) to do sth.6 ask/tell sb. (not) to do sth.7 be afraid of doing/that8 be busy doing sth.9 be famous/late/ready/sorry for10 be glad that11 buy/give/show/bring/lend/send/pass/tellsth. to sb.12 buy/give/show/bring/lend/send/pass/tell sb. sth.13 eitheror14 enjoy/hate/like/finish/stop/mind/keep/go on doing sth.15 find it + adj to do sth.16 get + 比較級17 get ready for/get sth. ready18 had better (not) do sth.19 help sb. (to) do/help sb.with20 I dont think that 21 I would like to /Would you like to?22 is one of the + 最高級 + n(pl.)23 It is +adj. for sb. to do sth.24 It is a good idea to do sth.25 It is the second + 最高級 +n.26 It looks like /It sounds like 27 It seems to sb. that28 It sounds +adj. /It looks +adj.29 It takes sb some time. to do sth.30 Its bad/good for31 Its time for/to do sth. 32 Its two meters (years) long (high, old).33 keep sb. doing34 keep/make sth. +adj.35 like to do / like doing36 make / let sb.(not) do sth.37 neithernor38 notat all39 notuntil40 Onethe other/Some others41 preferto42 see/hear sb. do(doing) sth.43 sothat44 spendon /(in) doing sth.45 stop to do /stop doing46 such a +adj. +n. that47 take/br