可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞.doc

可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞“分家”武宣縣新龍中學(xué) 何玉雪一、 可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的區(qū)別普通名詞所表示的人或事物是可以按個(gè)數(shù)計(jì)算的，這類名詞叫可數(shù)名詞?？蓴?shù)名詞分為個(gè)體名詞(表示某類人或事物中的個(gè)體，如worker, farmer, desk, factory等)和集體名詞(表示作為一個(gè)整體來看的一群人或一些事物，如people,family 等)。如果普通名詞所表示的事物是不能按個(gè)數(shù)來計(jì)算的，這類名詞就叫不可數(shù)名詞。不可數(shù)名詞分為物質(zhì)名詞(表示無法分為個(gè)體的物質(zhì)，如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)和抽象名詞(表示動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)、情況、品質(zhì)等抽象概念，如work, homework, time, health, friendship等)。二、 可數(shù)名詞的家務(wù)事可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。指一個(gè)人或一件事物時(shí)，用單數(shù)形式；指兩個(gè)或多個(gè)人或事物時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。名詞由單數(shù)形式變成復(fù)數(shù)形式的規(guī)則如下：1. 一般的名詞詞尾直接加-s 。如：book books room roomshouse houses day days2. 以s,ss, ch,sh, x 結(jié)尾的名詞，在詞尾加-es 。如：bus buses glass glasseswatch watches dish dishes box boxes3. 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞，要先將y改為i再加-es。如：city cities body bodies factory factories等等。4. 以f 或fe 結(jié)尾的名詞，要將f或fe改為v再加-es。如：half halves leaf leavesknife knives wife wives5. 特例 悄悄話：特例常?？迹涀?。 child children man men woman womenpoliceman policemen(規(guī)律：man men) tomato tomatoespotato potatoes 悄悄話： 初中英語以o 結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)只有這兩個(gè)詞加-es，其余的當(dāng)然加-s嘍！如：photo photos foot feet tooth teeth悄悄話： oo變成ee。 sheep, Chinese, Japanese單、復(fù)數(shù)同形悄悄話： 變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)詞形不變。 people單數(shù)形式表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，要求謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；people的復(fù)數(shù)形式peoples通常指多個(gè)民族。三、 不可數(shù)名詞的家務(wù)事1. 不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)，當(dāng)它作句子的主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：The food is very fresh.食品很新鮮。2. 有的不可數(shù)名詞也可以作可數(shù)名詞，有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但他們的意義往往發(fā)生變化。如：water (水) waters (水域) orange (橘汁) oranges (橘子)3. 很多的不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時(shí)為不可數(shù)，表示種類時(shí)就可數(shù)，但意義大多不發(fā)生變化。如：fruit fruits food foodsfish fishes hair hairs用所給名詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. How many_(sheep) are there on the hill?2. There is some_(food) in the basket.3. The baby has only two_(tooth) now.4. There is a lot of_(water) in the bottle.5. There are five_(people ) in his family.6. Lets take_(photo), OK? 7. I have lots of_(tomato) here.8. The_(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow.9. The_(child) are playing gameson the playground now.10. Their_(dictionary) look new.11. I see you have a few white_(hair).12. They are_(woman) doctors.13. Can you give me some bottles of _ (orange), please?14. There are many_(fox) in the picture.15. I would like some apple_(juice). I am very thirsty.參考答案：1. sheep 2. food 3. teeth 4. water 5. people 6. photos 7. t