Unit 2 Travelling around the world(基礎知識).doc

Unit 2 Traveling around the world 詞句精講精練 責編：郭素清 詞匯精講1 French1）作形容詞，意為“法國的，法國人的；法語的”。例如：Some people like French bread. 有些人喜歡法式面包。2) 作名詞，意為“法語”。例如：He cannot speak French. 他不能講法語。A few of us speak French. 我們中的幾個人是講法語的?！就卣埂?） Frenchman意為“法國人”，復數(shù)是“Frenchmen”。例如： He talks French like a Frenchman. 他法語講的像法國人一樣。2）France 作名詞，意為“法國”。例如：I have a daughter in France. 我有個女兒在法國。He was born in France. 他出生在法國。2.such assuch as意為“例如”，用來羅列同類人或物中的幾個例子， such as后邊不用逗號。例如：I have many hobbies such as reading, dancing and singing. 我有很多愛好，如讀書，跳舞和唱歌。 English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and so on. 許多國家說英語，如澳大利亞、加拿大等。【拓展】for example也意為“例如”，但是強調“舉例”說明，而且一般只舉同類人或物中的一個作為插入語，且用逗號隔開。for example可置于句首、句中或句末。例如：There are many kinds of pollution, for example, noise is a kind of pollution.有許多種污染方式，例如噪音就是一種污染。 Many students like playing computer games，for example，Mike.許多學生喜歡玩電腦游戲，比如邁克。 3. south （1）south意為“在南方”。常用在in the south of的短語中。例如： Shenzhen is a city in the south of China. 深圳是在中國南部的一個城市。 (2)South China是一個專有名詞，意為“華南”；同理North China意為“華北”。例如： It is hot in South China in summer. 夏季華南地區(qū)非常炎熱。 【拓展】 表示方向的詞有east（東），south（南），west（西），north（北）。例如： Gansu is in the west of China, and Shandong is in the east of China. 甘肅在中國的西部，而山東在中國的東部。 4. lie lie是動詞，意為“躺”，過去式和過去分詞分別為lay和lain，現(xiàn)在分詞為lying。例如： I found he was lying on the ground. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)他躺在地上。 【拓展】 (1) lie有“位于”的意思。例如： A temple lies on the top of the mountain. 一座寺廟位于山頂之上。(2) lie作動詞時，也可意為“撒謊”，過去式和過去分詞是規(guī)則的，均為lied。lie也可用作名詞，意為“謊言”。例如： Dont lie to me.不要向我撒謊。 The boy told a lie to me. 這個男孩向我撒了謊。原形詞義過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞lie躺；位于laylainlyinglie說謊liedliedlying (3)英語中，部分以-ie結尾的動詞的-ing形式必須改ie為y,再加-ing。例如： die dying tie tying lie lying 5. prefer(1）prefer是及物動詞，意思是“更喜歡、比較喜歡”，相當于like better。例如：Which do you prefer(=like better), rice or bread? 你比較喜歡哪一樣，米飯還是面包？(2) prefer A to B意為“喜歡A勝過B、比起B(yǎng)來更喜歡A”，此短語中A和B的形式一樣，可以是名詞、代詞或者動名詞，但必須兩個詞形式統(tǒng)一。例如：We prefer apples to oranges. 比起桔子來我們更喜歡蘋果。My grandma prefers taking a walk to watchingTV.我奶奶寧愿去散步而不愿看電視。 (3) prefer to do something rather than do something寧愿做某事，而不愿意做某事此短語中prefer 的后面用動詞不定式，than的后面用省略to的動詞不定式。例如：They prefer to stay at home and watch TV, rather than go out for a walk. 他們寧愿呆在家里看電視，也不愿意出去散步。 6. enjoy（1）enjoy doing sth.意為“喜歡做”或者“做很開心/很享受”。其中的enjoy是動詞，有“欣賞，享受，喜愛”等意思，后接名詞、代詞或動名詞。例如：People enjoy the citys quiet street. 人們喜愛這個城市寧靜的街道。 I enjoy listening to pop music. 我喜歡聽流行音樂。(2) enjoy常見的習慣用語還有enjoy oneself,意為“玩得開心，過得愉快”，和have a good time同義。例如：They are enjoying themselves. = They are having a good time. 他們玩得很開心。7.finish finish意為“完成，結束”，作及物動詞時，其后可跟名詞、代詞或動名詞。即：finish sth.或finish doing sth.。例如： I finished my homework this morning. 我今天上午做完了作業(yè)。 When did you finish drawing the picture? 你什么時候畫完那副畫的？ 【拓展】 能接v.-ing作賓語的動詞還有：practice; enjoy; mind; keep等。practice doing sth. 練習做某事enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事mind doing sth.介意做某事keep doing sth. 一直做某事8. famous be famous意為“著名的，出名的”，相當于be well-known。常用搭配如下： (1) be famous for表示“因而出名”。例如： The area is famous for its green tea. 這個地區(qū)因綠茶而出名。 Einstein was famous for his Theory of Relativity. 愛因斯坦因他的“相對論”而著名。 （2）be famous as表示“作為而出名”。例如： Einstein was famous as a great scientist. 愛因斯坦作為一位偉大的科學家而出名。 The area is famous as a green tea producing place. 這個地區(qū)作為綠茶產地很出名。詞匯精練I. 英漢詞組互譯。1. such as _ 2. 因而出名_ 3. go sightseeing_ 4. 去度假_ 5. walk up _ 6. 名勝_ 7. in the center of _ 8. 在海岸 _ II. 根據(jù)首字母和句子意思把單詞補充完整。1. Sanya is in the s_ of China. 2. China is f_ for the Great Wall? 3. Tom often e_ himself on Sundays. 4. Of the two plans, I p_ the first. 5. In France, can you speak F_? 6. Shanghai l_at the mouth of Yangtze River. 7. Is it p_ to get there on time? 8. You should g_ many trees in our city. III. 從方框中選擇恰當?shù)膯卧~并用其適當形式完成句子。prefer to, why not, the capital of, be famous for, such as, go sightseeing1.Many people _ during the holiday. 2. Beijing is _of China. 3. _ visit the Tiananmen square this Sunay? 4. Many of the English programs are welcome, _Follow Me, Follow Me to Science. 5. Laoshe _ his opera. 6.Id _ stay at home because it is too noisy. IV. 用適當?shù)倪B詞（and, but, so）填空。My sister and I look like each other very much, 1._we are very different. She is five years older than me. She works for a computer company, 2._she likes her job very much. I am still at school, 3._I do not have a job. I study very hard at the moment because I want to pass my exams. My sister loves sports,4._she often goes to a sport club to take some exercises after work. She is kind to me 5._often invites me to go with her, 6._I usually stay in to do my homework. At the weekends, we usually go shopping or go to the cinema in the afternoon. We always have fun together. V.聽力鏈接。 （2015 青海西寧中考）6AYes, of courseBIts very kind of youCThanks,7AWhats wrong with you?BI dont, eitherCIts not bad.8ASounds terrible BIm sorry to hear that CIve already tried some, but it didnt help.9ASo he was like his father BSo he was a nice man CSo he was handsome.10. AYes, he wasHe taught math BNo, he wasntHe taught mathCNo, he wasntHe taught English.參考答案I. 英漢詞組互譯。1.例如，諸如 2. be famous for 3. 去觀光 4go on holiday 5. 登上 6. places of interest 7.在中心 8on the coastII. 根據(jù)首字母和句子意思把單詞補充完整。1. south 2. famous 3. enjoys 4. prefer 5.French 6. lies 7.possible 8.growIII. 從方框中選擇恰當?shù)膯卧~并用其適當形式完成句子。1. go sightseeing 2. the capital of 3.Why not 4.such as 5. is famous for 6. prefer toIV. 用適當?shù)倪B詞（and, but, so）填空。1.but 2.and 3.and 4.so 5.and 6.butV.聽力鏈接。 答案及聽力材料 6. A 7. B 8.C 9.A 10.BIn this section，you will hear five short sentencesListen to the sentences，and choose the best responseEach sentence will be spoken only onceNumber 6Excuse meCould you give me a cup of coffee when Im watching TV?Number 7I dont like hamburgers very muchNumber 8Why dont you try some medicine?Number 9He was kind of tall and thinNumber 10Bob wasnt an English teacher ten years ago，was he?句式精講1. This is the place to go if you want to visit.？這是含有if引導的條件狀語從句的復合句，條件狀語從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來，而主句用一般將來時，有時主句也可以用含有情態(tài)動詞的句子。if意為“如果”。例如：If the rain doesnt stop, we will stay here. 如果這場雨不停的話，我們就呆在這兒。They cant pass the exam if they dont study hard now.如果他們現(xiàn)在不努力學習，就不可能通過考試。2. Why not visit France this year?(1) “Why not + 動詞原形 + 其他？”相當于“Why dont you + 動詞原形 + 其他？”并不表示疑問，而是作建議、詢問。例如： Why not play football with us? 為什么不和我們去踢足球呢？ That sounds like a good idea. 這是個好主意。 Why not go with us?= Why dont you go with us?為什么不同我們一起去呢？(2) Why not? 意為“為什么不”，詢問被否定的原因。例如： You cant go there alone. 你不能單獨去那里。 Why not? 為什么不呢？ (3) why not用在口語中表示贊同，意為“當然，好啊”。例如： Lets go to the movies. 我們看電影吧。 Why not? 好啊！3. .one of the most beautiful bell towers .one of +the +形容詞最高級+復數(shù)名詞/代詞，意為“最之一”，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。例如：His brother is one of the tallest boys in the class. 他弟弟是這個班最高的男生之一。The song is one of the most popular songs. 這首歌是最流行的歌之一。4. Where would you like to go on holiday?.would like to.意為“想要做某事”。 它的句式結構如如下：(1) 肯定句：would like 后接名詞或代詞；would like to 后接動詞原形，would 常和主語縮寫為“主語d”。例如：Id like a cup of tea. 我想喝一杯茶。Hed like to see a film. 他想看電影。否定句：在would 后加not,意為“不愿意做”，would not 縮寫為wouldnt。 例如:I wouldnt like to go to the cinema. 我不想去看電影。疑問句：把would 提到主語前即可。例如：Would you like to go to the cinema? 你愿意去看電影嗎？答語：若邀請某人做某事，肯定回答用Yes, Id like/love to ;否定回答用Id like/love to ,but例如：Would you like to see a film？你愿意去看電影嗎？Yes, Id love to. 是的，我愿意。若邀請某人吃(喝)東西，肯定回答用Yes, please. 否定回答用No, thank you. 例如：Would you like some tea ? 你想喝茶嗎？No, thank you. 不，謝謝。5. It is not only beautiful, but also strange.(1）not only.but also的意思是“不但而且”，連接兩個并列成分，如果連接兩個主語的時候，謂語動詞要和also后面的主語保持一致。例如：Not only my mother but also I like to go to the garden.不僅媽媽而且我也喜歡去公園。He plays not only the piano but also the violin. 他不僅玩鋼琴還玩小提琴。(2) 以not onlybut also 開頭的句子往往引起倒裝。例如： Not only does the sun give us light but also it gives us heat. 太陽不僅給我們光還給我們熱。句式精練I. 按要求改寫下列句子。1. Id like to go there if the weather is fine.(改為一般疑問句)2. Why dont you go to the zoo with me?(改為同義句)3. If you can like art, you can go to the Art Museum.(對劃線的部分提問)_4. Spring is coming. How about hiking? (改為同義句)_.You should try swimming in summer.(對劃線部分提問)_II. 根據(jù)漢語意思完成下列句子。1.她不僅是一科學家，而且是一藝術家。He is _a scientist _ an artist. 2. 很多人在八月份去度假。Many people _ in August. 3.為什么不早點來呢？_come here earlier? 4.北京是中國的首都。Beijing is _China. 5. 我愿意幫助你。I would_ give you a hand. 6.在假期間許多人去觀光。Many people _ during the holiday. 7.上海位于中國的東海岸。Shaihai lies_ China. 8. 每年許多人來參觀北京的名勝古跡。A lot of people come to _in Beijing every year. III.根據(jù)對話內容，在每小題的空白處填入適當?shù)脑~語，使對話意思完整。（Li Lei meets a foreigner in the street. Li LeiA；ForeignerB）A：Hello! Nice to meet you.B：Nice to 1 you, too.A：Is this your first visit to Beihai?B：Yes. It is very exciting.A：What do you 2 of Beihai?B：It is very beautiful. The people here are friendly and the sea food is delicious.A：Did you go to the Silver Beach?B： 3 , I did. What a ni