人教版八級英語上冊第一單元知識點總結.doc

此文檔收集于網(wǎng)絡，僅供學習與交流，如有侵權請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除課 題Unit1 Where did you go on vacation？課 型 預習課 同步課 復習課 習題課授課日期及時段2016 年 11 月 12 日 教 學 目 的四會短語的掌握不定代詞的用法單詞與詞組的解析重 難 點短語的記憶方法學習教 學 內(nèi) 容 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 一、書本重要語法點梳理go on vacation去度假 stay at home待在家里 go to the mountains去爬山 go to the beach去海灘 visit museums 參觀博物館 go to summer camp去參觀夏令營quite a few相當多 study for為而學習 go out出去 most of the time大部分時間taste good嘗起來很好吃 have a good time玩得高興 of course當然 feel like給的感覺；感受到go shopping去購物 in the past在過去 walk around四處走走 because of因為one bowl of 一碗 the next day第二天 drink tea喝茶 find out找出；查明 go on繼續(xù) take photos照相 something important重要的事 up and down上上下下 come up出來 buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.為某人買某物taste + adj. 嘗起來 look+adj. 看起來nothingbut+動詞原形 除了之外什么都沒有seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起來arrive in+大地點 / arrive at+小地點 到達某地decide to do sth.決定去做某事try doing sth.嘗試做某事 try to do sth.盡力去做某事 forget doing sth.忘記做過某事 forget to do sth.忘記做某事enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.開始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜歡做某事 keep doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事Why not do. sth.?為什么不做呢？so+adj.+that+從句 如此以至于tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告訴某人（不要）做某事have a good time玩得高興=enjoy oneself=have great fun1. on vacation 度假 vacation意為“假期、假日”，相當于holiday，但vacation表示長的假期。如：the long vacation 長假 the summer vacation 暑假the Christmas vacation 圣誕假期而holiday（尤其美國）指“假日；休息日；休假”。on vacation = on holiday 意為“度假”2. anything interesting 一些有趣的東西1）something，anything，nothing，everything是指物的不定代詞。somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，everybody，everyone是指人的不定代詞。somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere是指地點的不定代詞。2）當形容詞修飾something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代詞時，放在這些詞的后面；3）這些不定代詞做主語時，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。如： Is everybody here? 大家都到齊了嗎？4） something，somebody，someone，somewhere用于肯定句及表示請求或建議的疑問句中，而anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere用于否定句及疑問句中。如：Did you do anything interesting? 你做了有趣的事嗎？（表疑問）Why dont you visit someone with me? 你為什么不跟我一起去拜訪下某個人呢？（表建議）含some-的一般用于肯定句，也用于表示請求邀請的疑問句或預計是肯定回答的疑問句。 I have something to ask you. 我有事情要問你。Are you expecting someone this afternoon ? 今天下午你是不是等什么人？no one 與none no one 只能指人,且不能與of 搭配，no one 做主語時，只能是單數(shù)。none 為不定代詞，意為“什么也沒有”，既可指人，也可指物，none在句中不能單獨作主語，但可同of連用帶名詞一起作主語,做主語時謂語用單復數(shù)都可?？祭篢hey were all very tired, but _ of them took a rest.A. none B. all C. both D. either其它復合不定代詞可單獨作主語，但不能同of連用。 錯：He is new here, so none knows him. 對：He is new here, so no one knows him.錯：Nobody of them has been to England before.對：None of them has been to England before.3. buy sth. for sb. 或 buy sb. sth如：My parents often buy some books for me. = My parents often buy me some books.我父母經(jīng)常給我買書。4.提建議的句子：What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? Why dont you + do sth.? 如：Why dont you go shopping? Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? Lets + do sth. 如： Lets go shopping Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping?5. long time no see 好久不見6. quite a few 相當多 a few 與 a little 的區(qū)別，few 與 little 的區(qū)別 a few 一些 修飾可數(shù)名詞 a little 一些 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 兩者都表肯定意義 如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。 few 少數(shù)的 修飾可數(shù)名詞 little 少數(shù)的修飾不可數(shù)名詞 但兩者都表否定意義 如：He has few friends. 他沒有幾個朋友。 There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里沒有多少糖。7. most of 的大多數(shù) 如：most of the time 大多數(shù)時間8. Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍然沒有人感到煩悶。 1）seem意為“好像；似乎；看來”，是個連系動詞，構成的短語有： seem to do sth. 好像做某事 如： They seem to talk in class. 他們似乎上課說 話。 seem（to be）+adj. 似乎. 如： He seemed ( to be) ill yesterday. 昨天他似乎 病了。 It seems that + 從句 似乎. 如： It seems that he was ill yesterday. 昨天他似 乎病了。 2） bored 作形容詞，意為“煩悶的；厭倦的”其主語是某人； 而boring 也是形容詞，其主語是某物。 如：My parents ask me to do homework all day. I feel bored.我父母整天叫我做作業(yè)， 我感到很厭倦。Doing homework all day is a little boring. 整天做作業(yè)有點無聊。 相類似的詞語還有： interested adj. 感興趣的 interesting adj. 有趣的 surprised adj. 感到驚奇的 surprising adj. 驚奇的 tired 累的 tiring 令人疲憊的 excited 興奮的 exciting 令人興奮/激動的 amazed 驚訝的 amazing 令人驚訝的9. 辨析： get to/reach/arrive 牢記： 相同點：都是“到達“的意思不同點：get to+地點/reach+地點 arrive at+小地點（車站等）/arrive in+大地點（國家等）注意：若他們后面要加地點副詞here, there, home等，則不需要加介詞。arrive in+大地點 / arrive at+小地點 到達某地當我們用介詞at時，通常把后面所接的地方看成一個點，而當用in 時，則把后面所接地方看成是一個面（大范圍的面）。所以arrive at后面一般接: station, airport, destination等表示小范圍的地點。例如：We arrived at the Shanghai Railway Station at 11:00 pm last night.When we arrived at Wuhan Airport, its midnight.arrive in后面一般接國家，大城市之類表示大范圍的地點。例如：When did you arrive in Beijing? It was the cold season when I arrived in Germany.10. enjoy doing sth . 喜歡做樂意做 如：She enjoys playing football. 她喜歡踢足球。 enjoy oneself 過得愉快 如：He enjoyed himself. 他過得很愉快。 跟它意思相近的詞組還有have a good great time , have (great) fun。11. decide 意為“決定”，是動詞。它的名詞形式為decision。構成的短語有： decide to do sth. decide on doing sth. make a decision to do sth. 決定做某事 決定不要做某事，要用decide not to do sth.。如：Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已經(jīng)決定去北京。12. nothing.but.意為“除.之外； 只有”，如：I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long. 我整天除了看電視什么也沒干。13 . feel like 意為：“有什么感覺；感受到”，后跟賓語從句。另外，構成短語 feel like doing sth.意為“想做某事”。如：I felt like I was a bird. 我感覺我是一只鳥。I feel like eating.我想吃東西。14. because of , because： because of + 名詞/代詞/名詞性短語 如：I had to move because of my job. 因為工作的原因我得搬家。 because +從句 如：I do it because I like it. 我做這件事是因為我喜歡。15. below意為“在.下面”，其反義詞為 above，意為“在.上面”16. bring sth.to +地點，意為“帶來”，其反義詞是take。如：Please bring your book to our school. 請把你的書帶到我們學校來。Please take your book to your school. 請把你的書帶到你的學校去。17.enough 足夠形容詞enough 如：beautiful enough足夠漂亮 enough名詞如：enough food 足夠食物 enough to 足夠去做如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足夠的錢去北京。She is old enough to go to school. 她夠大去讀書了。18. so that 如此以致于 引導結果狀語從句，so后面接形容詞、副詞. that 后面跟從句。如：She was so sad that she couldnt say a word. 她悲傷得一句話也說不出來。19. taste good 嘗起來很好吃。taste 系動詞用法“嘗起來”后+形容詞。其他表示狀態(tài)的系動詞有：feel（覺得） keep（保持）stay（保持）seem（好像）look（看來像）smell（聞起來）sound（聽起來）taste（嘗起來）系動詞與形容詞連用I feel sick。 我感到難受。 Keep quiet，please！ 請安靜下來！The weather stays very hot。天氣非常熱。 He seems very clever。 他好像很聰明。Jim looks like his father。 吉姆長得像他父親。The fish smells terrible. 這魚聞起來壞了。That sounds a good idea。 那聽起來是個好主意。 The soup tastes very delicious。這湯嘗起來非常香。20. I bought something for my parents, but nothing for myself. 反身代詞的用法myself, yourself, herself, himself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves詞組：enjoy oneself, help oneself , learn by oneself 21. too many，too much，much too 1）too many “太多”，后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。 |課 |標|第 | 一| 網(wǎng)Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.2) too much “太多”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞或修飾動詞作狀語。We have too much work to do. Dont talk too much.3) much too 太，修飾形容詞和副詞The hat is much too big for me. Youre walking much too fast.too much, much too, 用法區(qū)別看后頭：much 后接不可數(shù), too 后修飾形或副。too many 要記住，后面名詞必復數(shù)。22. forget to do sth.和forget doing sth.1) forget to do sth 忘記將要做的事Dont forget to close the window. 別忘了關窗戶。2) forget doing sth 忘記做過某事I forget c