英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)及感官動(dòng)詞.docx

現(xiàn)在時(shí) 時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為某種狀況。2時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：always，usually，often，sometimes，every week (day，year，month)，once a week，on Sundays，3基本結(jié)構(gòu)：動(dòng)詞 原形 （如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞上要改為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式）4否定形式：am/is/are+not;此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加dont，如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，則用doesnt，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。5一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do提問(wèn)，如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。6例句：.It seldom snows here.He is always ready to help others.Action speaks louder than words.7用法(1)表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)表示經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)時(shí)，常與often，always，usually，sometimes，every day等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：The shop opens at nine every day. 這家商店每天九點(diǎn)開(kāi)門(mén)。It seldom snows here. 這兒很少下雪。(2)表示客觀存在或普遍真理Light travels are faster than sound. 光速比聲速快。Food easily goes bad in hot weather. 天氣熱時(shí)食物容易壞。(3)表示主語(yǔ)的特征或狀態(tài)The picture looks very beautiful. 這幅畫(huà)看起來(lái)很美。Air contains oxygen and nitrogen. 空氣含有氧和氮。(4在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)Ill tell her about it as soon as I see her.When does the train arrive? 火車(chē)幾點(diǎn)到？(5) 用于圖片說(shuō)明或劇本中的動(dòng)作提示和背景說(shuō)明INSIDE THE SHELTER: Stockton slowly turns to face his wife. The angry screaming cries of the people ring in their ears even as they depart.防空洞中：斯道克頓慢慢轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身，面對(duì)他的妻子。那群人正在離去，而他們憤怒的尖叫聲卻還回響在他們的耳邊。(6) 電視節(jié)目直播解說(shuō)Its Carter to serve- he needs just one more point. He serves. And Smith misses. What a great serve!So the championshipgoes to 19-year-old Harry Carter.該卡特發(fā)球了，他只需再得一分就贏了。他發(fā)球了，史密斯接球失誤。多漂亮的發(fā)球！冠軍屬于了19歲的哈利-卡特。1 時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。2時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now，at this time，days，etc. look . listen3基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be+doing4否定形式：be+not+doing.5一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。6例句：How are you feeling today?He is doing well in his lessons.7用法(1)進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，通常用表示現(xiàn)階段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如：today，this week，this month，this year，this term，now等。如：He is writing a novel now. 他目前正在寫(xiě)一部小說(shuō)。(2)進(jìn)行時(shí)表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行時(shí)在表示經(jīng)常性、重復(fù)性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作時(shí)必須與only，merely，simply，really，fast，rapidly，steadily，forever，all the time，always，constantly，continually，repeatedly等頻度副詞連用。如：She is always complaining. 她總是在抱怨。(3)進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按計(jì)劃或已安排好要做的事這一用法只適用于某些動(dòng)詞，如：go，come，leave，start，arrive，return，spend，sail，meet，fly等。如：The guest is leaving by train tonight. 客人今晚坐火車(chē)走。(4) 補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明1 在不少情況下，表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的漢語(yǔ)句子，并沒(méi)有“正在”這樣的字眼，但在譯為英語(yǔ)時(shí)必須用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如：Its rainingheavily. 下大雨了。How is everything going? 事情進(jìn)展如何？2 有些動(dòng)詞通常不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)。不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞有：表示感覺(jué)或感情的詞，如：hear，see，smell，taste，feel，seem，notice，hate，love，like，want，wish，refuse，prefer，forgive等。表示存在或所屬的詞，如：exist，stay，remain，obtain，have，own，form，contain等。表示認(rèn)識(shí)或理解的詞，如：understand，know，remember，forget，believe，think，doubt等。時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)完成時(shí)的這種用法通常與由since或for引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：The old man have lived here for more than twenty years.老人已在此住了20多年了。完成時(shí)的這種用法有時(shí)不帶時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)可以和already，before，ever，just，lately，never，once，recently，yet等一些所指時(shí)間不具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：Have you ever been to Australia? 你去過(guò)澳大利亞嗎？2 有時(shí)完成時(shí)和now，today，this morning，this week，this year等的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：I haven t seen him today. 我今天沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)他。I have seen him only once this year. 我只見(jiàn)過(guò)他一次。(3)完成時(shí)在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表示將來(lái)完成的動(dòng)作Ill go to the party as soon as (or when) I have finished my homework.我完成作業(yè)后就去參加聚會(huì)。(4)完成時(shí)和until now，so far，in the past few years，up to the present等表示從某時(shí)到這段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用 I have not heard from her so far. 到目前為止，我沒(méi)有收到過(guò)她的信。We have learned five hundred words up to the present.到目前為止，我們已學(xué)了五百個(gè)生詞。但要注意：當(dāng)意義明確時(shí)，適用完成時(shí)的句子可以不用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如：He has done a lot of work. 他干了許多工作。She has told me about her story. 她跟我講過(guò)她的故事。時(shí)態(tài)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)1概念：表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到的動(dòng)作。這一動(dòng)作可能剛剛開(kāi)始，也可能仍在繼續(xù)，并可能延續(xù)到將來(lái)。2基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has +been+doing3時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)，for+時(shí)間段等。4例子：I have been sitting here for an hour.The chirdren have been watching TV since six oclock.5用法(1)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到的動(dòng)作或剛剛結(jié)束的動(dòng)作Ive been writing letters all this morning.我寫(xiě)了一上午信。（動(dòng)作不再繼續(xù)）ONeil is ill. He s been lying in the bed for three weeks.奧尼爾在病中，已臥床3個(gè)星期了。（動(dòng)作會(huì)繼續(xù)下去）(2)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在的重復(fù)性動(dòng)作完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的這種用法所表示的并不是一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，而是斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：What have you been doing all this time?你一直都在干什么來(lái)著？（動(dòng)作可能繼續(xù)下去）That reporter has been contributing articles to this magazine all these years.這些年那個(gè)記者一直為這家雜志撰稿。（斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作）時(shí)態(tài)過(guò)去時(shí) 時(shí)態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí)1概念：過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。2時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago，yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week，last(year，night，month)，in 1989，just now，at the age of 5，one day，long long ago，once upon a time，etc.3基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞；行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式4否定形式：was/were+not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didnt，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。5一般疑問(wèn)句：was或were放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do的過(guò)去式did 提問(wèn)，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。6例句：She often came to help us in those days.I didnt know you were so busy.7用法(1)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)1一般過(guò)去時(shí)通常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：yesterday，last night(week，year，month，Sunday)，then，at that time，at that moment，just now，a few days(weeks，months，years) ago等。例句：Lucy turned off all the lights before she went out.出門(mén)前露茜關(guān)了所有的燈。2一般過(guò)去時(shí)也可以與today，this week(month，year)等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，但這些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)應(yīng)指過(guò)去。如：Did you see him today? 你今天見(jiàn)他了嗎？（today指今天已過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻）3一般過(guò)去時(shí)還可以和for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：I stayed there for two months. 我在那里呆了兩個(gè)月。Nothing happened since then. 打那以后什么事都沒(méi)有發(fā)生。(2) 有時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或是在上下文、或是暗含于句中Who was that? 那人是誰(shuí)？I saw Ker in town. 我在城里看見(jiàn)了克爾。(3)一般過(guò)去時(shí)在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表示過(guò)去將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。Hans said he would let us know if he got any news.漢斯說(shuō)要是得到消息就告訴我們。時(shí)態(tài)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)1概念：表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。2時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：at this time yesterday，at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等。3基本結(jié)構(gòu) s+was/were+doing4否定形式：s+was/were + not + doing.5一般疑問(wèn)句：把was或were放于句首。(第一個(gè)字母大寫(xiě)）6例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.When he came in，I was reading a newspaper.7用法(1)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作1過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)通常和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：We were having dinner when they came.他們來(lái)的時(shí)候，我們正在吃飯。2過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間內(nèi)持續(xù)的動(dòng)作。如：Carlos was staying at home all last week.上周整整一周卡洛斯都在家呆著。They were building a dam last spring. 去年春天他們一直在修一個(gè)水壩。3過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示與過(guò)去某個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：I was reading while she was writing. 我在讀書(shū)，她在寫(xiě)字。4 有時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)用于主句，位于其后的when引導(dǎo)的從句表示意外發(fā)生的情況：I was walking in the street when it began to rain.我正在街上走著，突然下起了雨。(2)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)的動(dòng)作過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的這種用法多表示過(guò)去的打算，通常僅限于come，go，leave，depart，start等一些表示移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞。如：He didnt know whether she was coming. 他不知道她是否會(huì)來(lái)。The delegation was departing three days later. 代表團(tuán)打算三天后動(dòng)身。時(shí)態(tài)過(guò)去完成時(shí)1概念：以過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為，或在過(guò)去某動(dòng)作之前完成的行為，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。2時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：before，by the end of last year(term，month)，etc.3基本結(jié)構(gòu)：had + done.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞(done)肯定句：主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞+其他否定句：主語(yǔ)+had+not+過(guò)去分詞+其他一般疑問(wèn)句：Had+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其他特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句4否定形式：had + not + done.5一般疑問(wèn)句：had放于句首。6例句：As soon as we got to the station，the train had left.By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books7用法(1)過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)之前結(jié)束的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)When he got there，the train had already left.他到了那兒時(shí)火車(chē)已經(jīng)離開(kāi)了。Ina realized she had made a mistake.艾娜意識(shí)到她犯了個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。(2)過(guò)去完成時(shí)與when等從句連用had+just / barely / hardly / scarcely+done.when.，no sooner.than. 是表示“剛就”或“不等就”的固定句型。如：No sooner had we left the house than it began to rain.我們剛離開(kāi)家就開(kāi)始下雨了。I had not gone much farther before I caught them up.我沒(méi)有走多遠(yuǎn)就趕上他們了。(3)過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示持續(xù)到過(guò)去某時(shí)之前的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)We had finished the work by nine oclock yesterday.昨晚九點(diǎn)前我們已完成了工作。The company had completed the project by the end of 1999.到1999年底公司已完成了那個(gè)項(xiàng)目。過(guò)去完成時(shí)主要表示持續(xù)到過(guò)去某時(shí)之前的動(dòng)作。如：I had been looking for it for days before I found it.這個(gè)東西，我找了好多天才找著。The telephone had been ringing for three minutes before it was answered.電話(huà)鈴響了三分鐘才有人接。He was tired. Hed been working all day.他累了。他工作了一整天。After hed been lecturing for half an hour，Professor Brown had a drink of water.布朗教授講了半小時(shí)課之后，他喝了一點(diǎn)水。時(shí)態(tài)將來(lái)時(shí) 時(shí)態(tài)一般將來(lái)時(shí)1概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。2時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow，next day(week，month，year)，soon，in a few minutes，by，the day after tomorrow，etc.3基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+going to + do；will/shall + do.4否定形式：am/is/are not going to do ；will/shall not do。5一般疑問(wèn)句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。6例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.It is going to rain.7用法(1) 基本用法1一般將來(lái)時(shí)常用來(lái)表示將來(lái)時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀況。如：。2一般將來(lái)時(shí)用于真實(shí)條件句和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主句中表示將來(lái)的情況。如：Ill tell you as soon as he comes. 他一來(lái)我就告訴你。3 用于條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示愿望或意愿。如：If you will wait for me，I shall come back soon.如果你愿意等我，我馬上就回來(lái)。4一般將來(lái)時(shí)可用來(lái)表示一種傾向或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。如：The shop wont open until nine. 這家商店九點(diǎn)才會(huì)開(kāi)門(mén)。Children will be children. 孩子就是孩子。(2) be going to +動(dòng)詞原形這一結(jié)構(gòu)表示打算或準(zhǔn)備好要做的事或有跡象表明要發(fā)生的天氣變化等情況。如：What are you going to do during the summer holiday? 你暑假打算做什么？ The train is going to arrive. 火車(chē)就要到了。(3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（be +現(xiàn)在分詞）有些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的事。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有：go，come，leave，start，arrive，return，spend，sail，meet，fly等。如：Annie is coming to supper this evening. 安妮今晚要來(lái)吃飯。(4) be to +動(dòng)詞原形這一結(jié)構(gòu)可表示約定、命令或按計(jì)劃要做的事。如：When are they to come? 他們什么時(shí)候來(lái)？We are to meet at the school gate. 我們約好在校門(mén)口見(jiàn)。(5) be about to +動(dòng)詞原形這一結(jié)構(gòu)表示“即將做”或“馬上做”的意思。如：He is about to leave. 他馬上就要?jiǎng)由?。The vacation is about to start. 假期即將開(kāi)始。時(shí)態(tài)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常表示已安排好之事，給人一種期待感。如：What will you be doing this time tomorrow?明天這個(gè)時(shí)候你將做什么？The train will be leaving in a second. 火車(chē)馬上就開(kāi)。時(shí)態(tài)將來(lái)完成時(shí)(1)將來(lái)完成時(shí)表示在將來(lái)某一時(shí)間之前完成的動(dòng)作，往往對(duì)將來(lái)某一時(shí)間產(chǎn)生影響。如：I shall have finished reading the book by the end of this week.我將在本周末前讀完這本書(shū)。Before long，he will have forgotten all about the matter.過(guò)不久，他很快就會(huì)把這件事全然忘記。(2)將來(lái)完成時(shí)表示持續(xù)到將來(lái)某時(shí)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如：By the time he graduates，he will have studied French for four years.到他畢業(yè)的時(shí)候，他學(xué)法語(yǔ)就滿(mǎn)四年了。By the time Pierce comes back from the meeting，we will have waited here for three hours.到皮爾斯開(kāi)會(huì)回來(lái)的時(shí)候，我們已經(jīng)在這兒等了三個(gè)鐘頭了。時(shí)態(tài)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)(1) 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)之后將出現(xiàn)的情況，通常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中。如：I thought he would come. 我以為他會(huì)來(lái)。Jenny never imagined that she would become a doctor.詹妮從沒(méi)想到自己會(huì)當(dāng)醫(yī)生。(2) 表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)看將要發(fā)生的事情。如：The old lady was fifty-eight then. In two years she would be sixty.老太太當(dāng)時(shí)五十八歲，再過(guò)兩年就六十了。I didnt think they would have any objection to it.我想他們不會(huì)有什么反對(duì)意見(jiàn)。(3) 表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作（不管什么人稱(chēng)都用would）。如：Whenever he had time，Harris would go to see his grandmother.哈里斯一有時(shí)間就去看他奶奶。Joanna would go for a walk aftershe had supper.喬安娜吃完晚飯總要去散步時(shí)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換 時(shí)態(tài)方式一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換請(qǐng)看：A. He joined the League two years ago.B. He has been in the League for two years.C. It is two years since he joined the League.D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換Peter is at work，but Mike is at play.Peter is working，but Mike is playing.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般將來(lái)時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換請(qǐng)看：The train is leaving soon.The train will leave soon.時(shí)態(tài)規(guī)則英語(yǔ)中的幾種時(shí)態(tài)在一定情況下可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換，以下是幾種常見(jiàn)的轉(zhuǎn)換形式：一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，瞬間動(dòng)詞卻不能。但是，可用別的表達(dá)方式：瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“一段時(shí)間 + ago”的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句型中；瞬間動(dòng)詞可改成與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)，與一段時(shí)間連用；瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“It is + 一段時(shí)間 + since + 一般過(guò)去時(shí)”的句型，請(qǐng)看：A. He joined the League two years ago.B. He has been in the League for two years.C. It is two years since he joined the League.D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，at加上名詞表示“處于某種狀態(tài)”，如at work（在工作），at school（上學(xué)、上課）等。此短語(yǔ)可與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換。請(qǐng)看：Peter is at work，but Mike is at play.Peter is working，but Mike is playing.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般將來(lái)時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中g(shù)o，come，leave，start，arrive等動(dòng)詞常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：I am coming，Mum! 意為“我就來(lái)，媽媽?zhuān)　闭?qǐng)看：The train is leaving soon.The train will leave soon.“be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”與“will(shall)+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換“be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”、表示打算、計(jì)劃要做的事；將來(lái)時(shí)“will(shall)+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)在書(shū)面語(yǔ)中，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第一人稱(chēng)時(shí)，常用助動(dòng)詞shall。在口語(yǔ)中，所有人稱(chēng)都可以用will。請(qǐng)看：We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday.感官動(dòng)詞(A)感官動(dòng)詞(及物動(dòng)詞)有：see / notice / look at / watch / observe / listen to / hear / feel(Vt) / taste(Vt) / smell(Vt) / touch(Vt)(B)連綴動(dòng)詞(含感官不及物動(dòng)詞)be / get / become / feel / look / sound / smell / taste / seem / appear / grow / turn / prove / go / run感官動(dòng)詞用法look, sound, smell, taste, feel,這五個(gè)動(dòng)詞均可作連系動(dòng)詞，后面接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)。其意思分別