英語(yǔ)閱讀理解四類(lèi)題型.doc

高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解四類(lèi)題型的提問(wèn)方式及解題技巧1.細(xì)節(jié)題型【提問(wèn)方式】Wh-特殊問(wèn)句； From the text.,According to.,True/not true,劃線(xiàn)詞語(yǔ)、句子，簡(jiǎn)單計(jì)算、排列事件順序、識(shí)圖等?！窘忸}方法】抓住提問(wèn)中的關(guān)鍵字眼，仔細(xì)閱讀相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)的材料內(nèi)容，一般可以在短文中直接找到或稍加歸納就可以找到正確答案。注意排除下列干擾項(xiàng)：(1)擴(kuò)縮范圍：文章為了表達(dá)得準(zhǔn)確嚴(yán)密，很注意對(duì)范圍的限定。有的是通過(guò)加上相應(yīng)的詞語(yǔ)限制，如涉及到數(shù)量時(shí)常用many,almost all,nearly,more than,over,only a few,normally等限制.有些干擾項(xiàng)是通過(guò)改變或去掉限定詞語(yǔ)，甚至是擴(kuò)大或縮小了語(yǔ)言范圍。(2)偷換概念：命題者設(shè)計(jì)試題時(shí)往往把原文的概念偷換成另一個(gè)不同的概念。望文生義是造成錯(cuò)誤的主要原因。(3)正誤并存：在一干擾項(xiàng)中，某個(gè)句子或詞語(yǔ)是正確的，其他分句或詞語(yǔ)是錯(cuò)誤的或表達(dá)不全面，正誤并存，命題者借此以假亂真。要排除這類(lèi)干擾項(xiàng)，只要一個(gè)選項(xiàng)局部有誤或選項(xiàng)不全面，都屬排除的干擾項(xiàng)。2.主旨大意題型【提問(wèn)方式】What s the topic/subject of the text/the second paragraph？What is stated in.? The text is cheifly concerned with_?！窘忸}方法】(1)最常用的方法是仔細(xì)研讀短文的1、2兩句-即短文的主題句，或輔以閱讀各段的第1、2句-即段落中心句。此方法多適用于說(shuō)明文、議論文。(2)記敘文等需要通讀全文，抓住關(guān)鍵事或論題來(lái)歸納意思(常說(shuō)明一個(gè)道理)。(3)全文末尾(段)找答案。此類(lèi)文章的特點(diǎn)是以列舉事實(shí)開(kāi)頭，通過(guò)論證，最后闡述核心觀點(diǎn)。在處理文章標(biāo)題的選擇時(shí)，要避免下列三種錯(cuò)誤：概括不夠(多表現(xiàn)為部分代整體，從而導(dǎo)致范圍太小)；過(guò)度概括(多表現(xiàn)為人為擴(kuò)大范圍)；以事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)代替抽象具體的大意。3.推理判斷題型【提問(wèn)方式】The story suggests that_. It can be inferred that_。The story implies that _. It can be concluded that _。We can learn that _?！窘忸}方法】推斷題是考查學(xué)生透過(guò)文章表面的文字信息進(jìn)行分析、綜合、歸納等邏輯推理的能力。學(xué)生不僅要弄懂文章的字面意思，更重要的是要知道文章的潛在涵義?！咀⒁恻c(diǎn)】(1)那些文章中直接陳述的內(nèi)容不能選，要選擇根據(jù)文章推理出來(lái)的選項(xiàng)。(2)推理不是憑空猜測(cè)，而是立足已知推斷未知；作出正確答案時(shí)一定要在文中找到依據(jù)或理由。(3)不能以自己的觀點(diǎn)代替作者的想法；不要脫離原文主觀臆斷。4.詞義猜測(cè)題利用構(gòu)詞法猜詞；利用語(yǔ)境及邏輯關(guān)系猜詞。有時(shí)完全可以利用上下文語(yǔ)境和前后句之間的并列、因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比、解釋定義和舉例等關(guān)系來(lái)猜測(cè)詞義。同時(shí)特別留心某些詞語(yǔ)，例如：or, that is, in other words, including, although, but, or, even if, on the other hand, on the contrary, other than, rather than, more than, instead of等詞語(yǔ)之后的內(nèi)容。Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the inhabitants become annoyed and unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the countrys economy. It is important to think about the people of a destination country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country, keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should also advance the wealth and happiness of local inhabitants.Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the countrys economy can suffer.On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs. Businesses can also lose money. It costs a great deal of money to build large hotels, airports, air terminals, first- class roads, and other support facilities（配套設(shè)施）needed by tourist attractions. For example, a major international class tourism hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel lose money.Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers to handle waste, and water. All of these support facilities cost money. If they are not used because there are not enough tourists, jobs and money are lost.41Which of the following do you think has been discussed in the part before this selection？A. It is extremely important to develop tourism.B. Building roads and hotels is essential.C. Support facilities are highly necessary. D. Planning is of great importance to tourism.42The underlined word“ inhabitants” （in Paragraph 1 ） probably means_.A. tourists B. passengers C. population D. citizens43Too much tourism can cause all these problems EXCEPT _ .A. a bad effect on other industries B. a change of tourists customsC. over-crowdedness of places of interestD. pressure on traffic44It can be inferred from the text that _ .A. the author doesnt like tourism developing so fastB. local people will benefit from tourist attractionC. other parts of a countrys economy wont benefit from tourism muchD. we cant build too many support facilities45The author thinks it is good for local people to know that tourism will _ .A. waste a lot of money B. weaken their economyC. help establish their customs D. help improve their lifeEveryone has got two personalities the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and realYou dont show your secret personality when youre awake because you can control your behaviour，but when youre asleep， your sleeping position shows the real youIn a normal night，of course，people frequently change their positionThe important position is the one that you go to sleep in If you go to sleep on your back，youre a very open personYou normally trust people and you are easily influenced by fashion or new ideasYou dont like to upset people，so you never express your real feelingsYoure quite shy and you arent very confident If you sleep on your stomach，you are a rather secretive（不坦率的）personYou worry a lot and youre always easily upsetYoure very stubborn（頑固的），but you arent very ambitiousYou usually live for today not for tomorrowThis means that you enjoy having a good time If you sleep curled up（卷曲），you are probably a very nervous personYou have a low opinion of yourself and so youre often defensiveYoure shy and you dont normally like meeting peopleYou prefer to be on your ownYoure easily hurt If you sleep on your side，you have usually got a well-balanced personalityYou know your strengths and weaknessesYoure usually careful You have a confident personalityYou sometimes feel anxious，but you dont often get depressedYou always say what you think even if it annoys people 46According to the writer，you naturally show your secret and real personality _.Aonly in a normal night Bonly when you refuse to show yourself to the world Conly when you go to sleep Donly when you change sleeping position 47Which is NOT mentioned in the second paragraph about a persons personality？ AHe or she is always open with others B. He or she tends to believe in othersCHe or she always likes new ideas earlier than others DHe or she is always easily upset 48Point out which sentence is used to show the personality of a person who is used to sleeping on his or her stomach？ AHe or she is careful not to offend others BHe or she do