【精品】高考英語(yǔ)詞匯練習(xí)及詳解（8）.doc

2010高考英語(yǔ)詞匯練習(xí)及詳解（8）350. The two dogs started to fight, so we tried to _ them. A. split B. separate C. tear D. divide答案 B. separate.注釋separate 意指將結(jié)合的東西“分開，拆散”，divide指把整體“分成”幾個(gè)部 分，split（沿一條線-）裂開，tear撕開，distinguish“區(qū)分，區(qū)別，辨別”。351. The rapidly growing birth rate brings about a lot of environment problems, which the government is supposed to take _. A. significantly B. severely C. earnestly D. seriously答案 D. seriously.注釋take.seriously 是習(xí)慣搭配，意為“重視，認(rèn)真對(duì)待”352. Carl wanted to play a joke on Bob but gave himself _ by laughing. A. away B. in C. out D. up答案 A. away.注釋give away 暴露，泄露。參閱III.68.注釋。353. The government is _ and will take the necessary steps to maintain security and stability. A. on the alert B. out of control C. on guard D. in vain答案 A. on the alert.注釋on the alert (=alert; watchful; careful) 警惕，小心：Drivers must be on the alert for traffic signals. (=Drivers must be especially careful to see signals when driving a car.) (司機(jī)必須密切注視交通信號(hào)。)out of control 失去控制；on guard站崗；in vain 徒勞，無(wú)效。354. Many people complain of the rapid _ of modern life. A. rate B. pace C. speed D. growth答案 B. pace.注釋pace 走或跑的速度；發(fā)展或進(jìn)步速度。355. She has lost her handbag with the _ sum of $150 in it. A. extraordinary B. important C. considerable D. valuable答案 C.considerable.注釋considerable 相當(dāng)可觀的。注意considerate考慮周到的，體諒的，體貼的：1）She is considerate to others. (她能體諒別人。)2）That was very considerate of you.（你真體諒別人。） 356. Russias withdrawal of its experts from China did not strangle (壓垮) the Chinese people; _ it stirred up their enthusiasm for greater exertions. A. on the other hand B. on the contrary C. to the contrary D. in consequence答案 B. on the contrary.注釋on the contrary相反地：-Have you nearly done?-On the contrary, I have only just begun. Monday unless you write me to the contrary. (我星期一將來(lái)，除非你寫信告訴我有相反地情況。) 357. As he had no friends and relatives in the town, the traveler tried to find a _ somewhere. A. log B. lodge C. landing D. lodging答案 D. lodging.注釋log 圓木,lodge門房，傳達(dá)室,lodging住所,landing登陸；降落。 358. Because the children keep interrupting her whenever she reads a book, she is always _ her place. A. loosing B. missing C. losing D. looking for答案 C. Losing.注釋lose ones place意為讀書時(shí)“找不到讀到哪兒”。類似的習(xí)語(yǔ)有：lose heart(灰心，泄氣),lose ones heart to sb. (愛上某人),lose ones head(驚慌失措),lose ones hold on(or over)(失去對(duì).的控制),lose ones temper(發(fā)脾氣),lose ones tongue (緊張得不知說(shuō)什么好)，lose ones way (迷路),lose sight of(看不見了),lose ones never(失去勇氣)。 359. The manager said that they had an _ plan if the plan they had submitted was not accepted. A. alternate B. alternative C. absolute D. appreciable答案 B. alternative.注釋alternative 可提供選擇的，兩者挑一的：alternate交替的：1)There was no alternative route open to her. (在她面前沒(méi)有另外可供選擇的路線。)2)French and English are not alternative courses; but may be taken in the same year.(語(yǔ)法和英語(yǔ)并不是交替開設(shè)的課程；而可以在同一年里選修。) 360. Jim isnt _, but he did badly in the final exams last semester. A. gloomy B. dull C. awkward D. tedious答案 B. dull.注釋dull (=slow in understanding) 遲鈍的。361. At first Bob was puzzled by Virginia s waving, but then it _ his mind that she was trying to tell him something. A. crossed B. passed C. occurred D. opened答案 A. crossed.注釋cross ones mind 想起：1)A sudden thought crossed my mind. 2)It never crossed my mind that he might refuse the request. (我從來(lái)沒(méi)有想到他可能會(huì)拒絕這個(gè)請(qǐng)求。)如用pass則應(yīng)加through, 例如：When Jane did not come home by midnight, many terrible fears passed through Mothers mind. (=Mother thought of many things that might have happened to Jane.)occur的用法如下：1）That view of the case did not occur to me before. (對(duì)這個(gè)案件的那種看法以前我沒(méi)有想到過(guò)。)2）It occurred to her that she might adopt a homeless child.(她想到，她可以收養(yǎng)一個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的孩子。)關(guān)于“想起”的以上三種表達(dá)法考生務(wù)必弄懂熟記。這些詞組和句形不僅在詞匯測(cè)試中經(jīng)常遇到，而且在短文寫作時(shí)也可以使用。本題譯文：起初鮑玻對(duì)弗吉尼亞的揮手致意感到迷惑，但后來(lái)他想到，她想告訴他某事。 362. His job at the hospital did not pay much, so he found another _. A. on the rise B. on the spot C. on the decline D. on the side答案 D. on the side.注釋on the side(=in addition to a main thing) 額外；作為兼職：1）He ordered a hamburger with onions and French fries on the side. (=He ordered a hamburger with onions and French fries extra.) 2)He does some house-keeping work on the side.(他幫人家做些家務(wù)活作為兼職。)on the rise(作表語(yǔ))在上升；on the spot 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)；on the decline (做表語(yǔ))在下降：The population in the country is on the decline. (這個(gè)國(guó)家的人口在下降。) 363. The filling station _ because there were too many others on the street. A. fell through B. went under C. fell out D. went through答案 B. went under.注釋go under 破產(chǎn)，失敗。fall through 也有“失敗”之意，但多半指計(jì)劃、想法等“落空”。本題譯文：這個(gè)加油站破產(chǎn)了，因?yàn)樵谶@條街上加油站太多了。 364. Air and the suns rays create much distortion, and whatever tends to _ their influence is useful to the astronomer. A. exclude B. eliminate C. extinguish D. impose答案 A. exclude.注釋exclude 排除。extinguish撲滅；eliminate消除。impose 把.強(qiáng)加給：Dont impose your wishes on us.(不要把你的意思強(qiáng)加給我們。) 365. The lady who had invited us heard me telling my wife that the dinner was terrible so I was _. A. confused B. nervous C. shameful D. embarrassed答案 D. embarrassed.注釋be embarrassed 感到窘迫。 366. Animals should not be locked in cages; they should be in their normal _. A. environment B. position C. residence D. dwelling答案 A. environment.注釋environment(=surroundings, circumstances)環(huán)境，environment作集合名詞用時(shí)，只用單數(shù)形式：We should work hard to improve our environment. (單詞，不可數(shù))Children need a happy home environment. (單數(shù)，可數(shù)) 367. Im sorry but what he thinks is not of the _ importance to me. A. merest B. lowest C. last D. least答案 D. least.注釋least 是little的最高級(jí)形式。 368. He offered to _ her a hand as the suitcase was too heavy for her to carry. A. lend B. help C. show D. loan答案 A. lend.注釋lend sb. a hand給某人幫個(gè)忙。 369. I have been looking for this book for months, and _ I have found it. A. at least B. in no time C. at last D. at present答案 C. at last.注釋at last (=in the end)最終；at least至少；in no time 立即，馬上；at present 目前。 370. It was the largest experiment we had ever had; it _ six hours. A. ended B. finished C. prolonged D. lasted答案 D. lasted.注釋last vi. (for) 持續(xù)。 371. The _ stuck on the outside of the envelope said By Air. A. label B. ticket C. signal D. sign答案 A. label.注釋label 標(biāo)簽，標(biāo)記。signal信號(hào). sign記號(hào)；指示牌：traffic signs (交通版示)。notice布告。 372. Psychological studies show that some people are quick-tempered _. A. at heart B. on purpose C. in person D. by nature答案 D. by nature.注釋by nature 天生，生來(lái)。in person 1）親自，親身：I shall be present at the meeting in person.(我將親自出席會(huì)議。)2）身體上，外貌上：In person he was handsome, strong and healthy.(他面目清秀，體格強(qiáng)壯。)at heart 1)內(nèi)心里，實(shí)質(zhì)上：His manners are cold, but he is at heart a kind man. (他的言談舉止有些冷淡，但實(shí)際上他是一個(gè)好心腸的人。)2）考慮的是.：When I say dont eat sweets, I have your health at heart.(我叫你別吃果糖，是考慮到你的健康。)on purpose 故意地。373. She was putting on her watch when the _ broke and it fell to the ground. A. belt B. strap C. tie D. string答案 B. strap.注釋strap(表，手提包的)帶。belt繃帶，seatbelt(系于飛機(jī)座位上的)安全帶。tie領(lǐng)帶，string細(xì)繩子。 374. Feudal landlords, and imperialists are in no way more _ than wolves. A. reasonable B. regardless C. ridiculous D. rational答案 D. rational.注釋rational 有理性的。本題譯文：封建地主和帝國(guó)主義者并不比豺狼更有理性。 375. His name was on the _ of my tongue, but I just couldnt recall it. A. end B. point C. edge D. tip答案 D. tip.注釋be on (or at) the tip of ones tongue 就在嘴邊，差點(diǎn)被想起，如：The answer wason the tip of my tongue, but I couldt think of it.(我差點(diǎn)就想起那答案來(lái)，可就是想不起來(lái)。) be on the point of 正要（去做某事）：I was just on the point of going when you came in. 376. The authorities declared that because of the war petrol was _ and had to be rationed (定量供應(yīng)). A. inadequate B. rare C. lacked D. scarce答案 D. scarce. 注釋本題譯文：汽油供不應(yīng)求，因此必須定量配給。Scarce(=not available in sufficient quantity, not equal to the demand)不充足的，缺乏的，供不應(yīng)求的。Inadequate不適應(yīng)的，不充分的。lack vt./vi. (=be without ; not have; have less than enough of) 缺乏；沒(méi)有；缺少，例如：1）He lacks perseverance.(他缺乏堅(jiān)定性。)2)Money is lacking for the plan.(此計(jì)劃尚缺錢。)3)He is lacking in courage.(他缺乏勇氣。)be lacking in 常指缺乏某種品質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)等。lack作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，一般不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故不能選C. lacked.4)They lacked for nothing.(他們什么也不缺。)有人認(rèn)為，lack for是美國(guó)英語(yǔ)。 377. How did it _ that the two men arrived to address the same meeting at the same time. A. fall out B. take place C. get around D. come through答案 A. fall out.注釋fall out 1)吵架，鬧翻。參閱III.45,52 2)結(jié)果是。參III.50注釋。本題中fall out意為happen, come about(發(fā)生),例如：As it fell out, they were able to sell their old car.(=They didnt know if they could sell their old car, but at last they did sell it.)本題中it是形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，不宜用take place作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)，故不能入選。本題譯文：事情結(jié)果怎么會(huì)這樣：這兩個(gè)人來(lái)在同一時(shí)間同一會(huì)議上作演講？ 378. He looked incredulous(不輕信的) on hearing the news. He seemed to think it _. A. incompatible B. incredible C. inclusive D. indifferent答案 B. incredible.注釋incredible (=that cannot be believed; difficult to believe) 不可相信的，難以置信的：His story of rescuing six drowning men was incredible. (他搶救6個(gè)溺水人的事情是難以置信的。) incompatible(with)不相容的。inclusive包括的，包含的。indifferent 冷淡的，不關(guān)心的。 379. In my opinion, your work does not _ what I expected of you. A. catch up with B. add up to C. come up to D. go in for答案 C. come up to.注釋come up to 達(dá)到，符合：1)He tries his best to come up to the expectations of the people.(他努力達(dá)到人民對(duì)他的期望。)2)This piece of work does not come up to therequired standard.(這件工作沒(méi)有達(dá)到需要的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。)catch up with 趕上；add up to總計(jì)；go in for 從事，致力于，追求，沉溺于。 380. I broke my relationship with John because he always found _ with me. A. error B. mistake C. fault D. failure答案 C. fault.注釋find fault with 挑剔，找.的岔子。例如：1)She tries to please him, but he always finds fault. (=He finds something wrong with everything she does.) 2)They found fault with every box I made. (=They found something wrong or something they did not like in every box I made.) 381. Though he did not say so directly, the inspector _ the man was guilty. A. declared B. implied C. disclosed D. said答案 B. implied.注釋imply 暗示，含有.的意思：Silence sometimes implies consent.(沉默有時(shí)暗示同意。)382. At first it seemed that the building would be all right but later it was found to need _. A. installations B. modifications C. innovations D. illustrations答案 B. modifications.注釋modification 更改，修改；installation 安裝，裝置；設(shè)備；innovation革命；illustration說(shuō)明，例證，圖解。按題意modifications最為切題。383. We can only give you the _ number of refugees crossing the border at the moment. A. obscure B. approximate C. impartial D. imaginary答案 B. approximate.注釋approximate 近似的，大約的；obscure模糊的；impartial公正的，不偏的；imaginary假想的。384. Magnificent views over the countryside have often _ people to write poems. A. convinced B. inspired C. induced D. attracted答案 B. inspired.注釋inspire 鼓勵(lì)，激勵(lì)，產(chǎn)生：1)His speech inspired us to try again. 2)He inspired confidence in me.(他使我產(chǎn)生信心。)3)The good news inspired us with hope. (這個(gè)好消息使我們產(chǎn)生希望。)385. There are several landladies approved by the universities who take in _. A. lodgers B. residents C. inhabitants D. settlers答案 A. lodgers.注釋lodger客房；resident居民(對(duì)游客而言);local residents(當(dāng)?shù)鼐用?,temporary residents(臨時(shí)居民)；inhabitant(=person living in a place)居民；a small town of 5,000 inhabitants(有5,000居民的小鎮(zhèn))；settler殖民者，移居者；White settlers in Kenya(在肯尼亞僑居的白人)；immigrant移民。本題譯文：有幾位房東太太是這些大學(xué)批準(zhǔn)她們接納房客的。386. He is the rudest man I have ever met. Jane, his present secretary, is the only person who can _ him. A. respect B. stand C. support D. dislike答案 B. stand.注釋stand (=endure, bear, put up with)忍耐，忍受；1)I cant stand that woman. 2)He cannot stand criticism.387. The main road through Littlebury was blocked for three hours today after an accident _ two lorries. A. containing B. connecting C. involving D. including答案 C. involving.注釋involve 涉及到。例如：1)This problem involves us all. (這個(gè)問(wèn)題涉及到我們大家。)2)His work involves occasional journeys. (他的工作使他不得不時(shí)常旅行。)3) To accept the appointment would involve living in London. (接受這項(xiàng)任命將不得不住在倫敦。)4)John was involved in the trouble. (約翰已陷入困境。)contain 包含，裝有；connect 連接，include 包括。本題譯文：今天在涉及兩輛卡車的交通事故發(fā)生后，穿過(guò)Littlebury的大陸堵塞了3個(gè)小時(shí)。388. Jane read the article over ten minutes but continued to feel the event related were _. A. inheritable B. incredible C. infeasible D. inaccessible答案 B. incredible. 注釋incredible 難以置信的；inheritable可繼承的；infeasible不切實(shí)際的; inaccessible不可到達(dá)的(to)。389. In some cities it is very difficult to have a telephone _ , and people have to wait a long time before they can get a phone. A. assembled B. installed C. equipped D. repaired答案 B. installed. 注釋install 安裝；assemble(=put together) 裝配；equip裝備；repaire修理。390. _ up children properly is mainly their parents duty. A. Growing B. Rearing C. Bringing D. Raising答案 C. bringing.注釋bring up 教育，教養(yǎng)，撫養(yǎng)大；1)The child is badly brought up. 2) I was broughtup to be honest. 參看III.17注釋。grow up 成長(zhǎng)，長(zhǎng)大；發(fā)展，形成；1)I grew up on a farm. (我在農(nóng)莊長(zhǎng)大。)2)The custom of going away for ones holiday has grown up during the last thirty years. (外出度假的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣是最近30年形成的。)rear培養(yǎng)，撫育；rear children.raise美國(guó)英語(yǔ)養(yǎng)大；Where was he raised? (他在哪里長(zhǎng)大的？) raise還有“飼養(yǎng)”的含義。注意rear 和raise后不能接up,故本題不能選用rearing 或 raising.391. When the teacher told the boy to sit down, he _ to her and said she couldnt make him. A. gave way B. talked back C. looked up D. got down答案 B. talk back.注釋talk back 頂嘴；1)Dont talk back to me! (別對(duì)我頂嘴！)2)Mary talked back when her mother told her to stop watching television; she said, I dont have to if I dont want to.give way 讓路；look up查閱；get down從.下來(lái)；記下。392. People _ with anyone who is always talking about how wonderful he is. A. fall in B. get fed up C. keep company D. catch up答案 B. get fed up.注釋get (be) fed up with (=having had too much of something; at the end of your patience; disgusted; bored; tired)討厭；I have had enough of his complaints. Im fed up. (=I have heard all of the complaints I can stand.)fall in with 符合，與.一致。參閱III.51注釋。Keep company with 與.交往，結(jié)伴；catch up with 趕上。393. Margaret liked all her classes, but she liked sewing class _. A. above all B. in general C. after all D. in particular答案 D. in particular.注釋in particular (=especially, particularly) 特別是：1) You should avoid eating fat meat, in particular pork. (你應(yīng)該避免吃脂肪多的肉類，特別是豬肉。2)The speaker talked about sports in general and about football in particular.In general 是in particular 的反義結(jié)構(gòu)，從上述例2)中可以看到。about all最重要的；after all畢竟。394. Walking down the street, she noticed a long _ of houses, all exactly alike. A. queue B. rank C. train D. row答案 D. row.注釋a row of houses (desks, books etc.) 一排房子(書桌、書等)，戲院的“一排座位”即為a row of seats. queue (乘車，購(gòu)物的)隊(duì)，隊(duì)伍。Rank(軍隊(duì)隊(duì)列中的)排、橫列。train指“（行進(jìn)中的）長(zhǎng)列，隊(duì)列”；a long train of visitors(一長(zhǎng)列參觀者)。395. The president has told his friends that he is sick but will not admit it _. A. in private B. in secret C. in public D. in detail答案 C. in public.注釋in public 公開地，當(dāng)眾；in private 私下；in secret秘密地; in detail 詳細(xì)地。396. The sailor _ time to visit his family before the ship went to sea. A. put in for B. got round to C. ask after D. hold on to答案 A. put in for.注釋put in for(=make an application or request) 提出申請(qǐng)或請(qǐng)求；May I put in for five days leave?( 我可以請(qǐng)5天假嗎？)get round to (doing s