小升初一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)講解

智翔教育 中小學(xué)個(gè)性化教學(xué)專家智翔教育學(xué)員個(gè)性化輔導(dǎo)教案輔導(dǎo)科目：英語(yǔ) 授課教師：王曉瑩 學(xué)生年級(jí)：上課時(shí)間 課題一般過(guò)去時(shí)教學(xué)目標(biāo)1. 掌握一般過(guò)去時(shí)的構(gòu)成2. 掌握一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法3. 掌握一般過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞的變化規(guī)則重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)、考點(diǎn)1. 掌握一般過(guò)去時(shí)的構(gòu)成2. 掌握一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法3. 掌握一般過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞的變化規(guī)則教 案10 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法一、概念表示在的過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。通常在句子里找到表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的詞或詞組。如：yesterday，yesterday morning，yesterday afternoon，yesterday evening，the day before yesterday（前天），last night，last week，last month， last year，a moment ago（剛才），just now（剛才）， two days ago，a week ago，in 1990等。如： I went to bed at eleven last night. 昨晚我11：00睡覺。二過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的用法1在表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里存在的狀態(tài)的句子，系動(dòng)詞用過(guò)式was，were構(gòu)成。如：（1）I was at home yesterday.昨天我在家。（2）We were in the gym just now. 剛才我們?cè)隗w育館。2在表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式構(gòu)成。如：I visited my uncle yesterday. 昨天我拜訪了我的叔叔。三、動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)律(一)規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式1一般情況下，在動(dòng)詞原形后面加-ed；looklooked playplayed startstarted visitvisited2以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加-d；livelived useused3以“輔音字母+ y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先將 y 改為i ,再加 ed；studystudied trytried flyflied4以重讀閉音節(jié)（即輔音元音輔音）或r音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，要先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母后，再加 ed。stopstoppedplanplanned preferpreferred(二)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式1改變動(dòng)詞中的元音；beginbegan drinkdrank comecame eatate growgrew runran knowknew winwon speakspoketaketook writewrote getgotgo-wentswim-swam draw-drew make-made break-broke sit-satride-rode drive-drove sing-sang give-gave 2 變?cè)~尾的d 為t ；buildbuilt（建造） lendlent(借出) sendsent(寄，送) spendspent（花費(fèi)） bendbent（彎曲）3與動(dòng)詞原形一樣；cutcut putput costcost hurthurt shutshut beat-beat4變-ay 為-aid (少數(shù)動(dòng)詞)；saysaid paypaid laylaid 5采用不同詞根；sellsold teachtaught buybought think-thought catch-caught bring-brought 6.把eep改為ept： keep-kept（保持） sweep-swept（打掃） sleep-slept（睡覺） 7其他。am/iswas arewere have/hashad dodid四、加“-ed”后的讀音方法1.ed加在清輔音后面讀/t/。finished /-t/ helped /-t/ asked /-t/2.ed加在濁輔音或元音結(jié)尾的，讀/d/。played /-d/ lived /-d/ enjoyed /-d/3.ed加在/t/或/d/后面，讀/id/。wanted /-tid/ needed /-did/ visited /-tid/五、句式變化（一）一般過(guò)去時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句1把was, were放在句首，其余位置不變。由Was？引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句，肯定答為：Yes， was. 否定回答為：No，. wasnt. 由Were？引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句，肯定回答為：Yes， were. 否定回答為：No， werent.如：（1）I was born in Shanghai. Were you born in Shanghai?Yes, I was. (肯定回答) No, I wasnt. (否定回答)（2）They were in Li Yans home last night. Were they in Li Yans home last night?Yes, they were. (肯定回答) No, they werent. (否定回答)2在行為動(dòng)詞的句子中，要用助動(dòng)詞詞did來(lái)引導(dǎo)，其余的語(yǔ)序不變。要注意的是，要把行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式改為原形?？隙ɑ卮馂椋篩es, did. 否定回答：No, didnt.如：John played computer games last night.Did John play computer games last night?Yes, he did. (肯定回答) No, he didnt. (否定回答)（二）一般過(guò)去時(shí)的否定句1在表示過(guò)去存在的狀態(tài)的句子中，相接在was, were的后面加上not。如：（1）He was in the park the day before yesterday.He was not in the park the day before yesterday.(2)We were busy last week.We were not busy last week.2在表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的句子中，要在行為動(dòng)詞的前面加助動(dòng)詞didnt.然后把過(guò)去式的行為動(dòng)詞改為動(dòng)詞原形。即：didnt + 動(dòng)詞原形。如：（1）She played the violin last night.She didnt play the violin last night.(2)They swam in the lake yesterday.They didnt swim in the lake yesterday.(三)、一般過(guò)去式的特殊疑問(wèn)句1.What did ?（主要是詢問(wèn)過(guò)去發(fā)生了什么事情，注意要把過(guò)去式改為動(dòng)詞原形。）We ate Chinese food last night.What did we eat last night?2.Where did ?( 主要是詢問(wèn)過(guò)去事情發(fā)生的地方。)They sang and dance in the music room yesterday morning.Where did they sing and dance yesterday morning?3.Who + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 ?( 主要是詢問(wèn)過(guò)去事情發(fā)生的人物。)Mike and Tom climbed mountains last weekend. Who climbed mountains last weekend?六過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)(一）.用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1I _ at school just now.2He _ at the camp last week.3We _ students two years ago.4They _ on the farm a moment ago.5Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.9She _ happy yesterday.10They _ glad to see each other last month.11Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited.(二)句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. It was exciting.否定句：_一般疑問(wèn)句：_肯、否定回答：_2. All the students were very excited.否定句：_一般疑問(wèn)句：_肯、否定回答：_3. They were in his pocket.否定句：_一般疑問(wèn)句：_肯、否定回答：_4. There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：_一般疑問(wèn)句：_肯、否定回答：_肯、否定回答：_5.He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.否定句：_一般疑問(wèn)句：_肯、否定回答：_肯、否定回答：_（三）.中譯英1我的故事書剛才還在手表旁邊。_2他們的外套上個(gè)禮拜放在臥室里了。_3剛剛花園里有兩只小鳥。_4. 我們上周五看了一部電影。_課后練習(xí)一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. They played football in the playground.否定句：_一般疑問(wèn)句：_肯、否定回答：_2. He didnt do mo