新-仁愛英語八年級下冊重點(diǎn)單詞短語及其語法

仁愛英語八年級下冊重點(diǎn)單詞短語及其語法Unit 5 Topic11.You look excitedangrydisappointedupsetfrightened. 你看起來興奮/生氣/失望/煩躁/驚恐。2.感官系動詞：look 看起來 smell聞起來taste嘗起來sound 聽起來 feel 摸/感覺起來3. 系表結(jié)構(gòu)：系動詞+形容詞 go mad get wet get angry turn green fall asleepfeel a little more(confident comfortable) be lost=get lost4.go to the movies=go to the cinema=watchsee a film 看電影5.one of + 形容詞最高級+可數(shù)的復(fù)數(shù)形式 Its one of my favorite movies.6.preparefor 為做準(zhǔn)備 7. say thanks to sb. 向某人致謝8.be popular with 受歡迎 9. be kind cruel to sb. 對某人友好殘忍10.a ticket to 的入場券 11. set the table 擺放餐具12. seem +adj.n.to do sth. Its seems that 似乎13. We are moved by the moving story. 前者修飾人，后者修飾物14. be proud of為而自豪 15. be pleased with為而高興 16. be worried about為而擔(dān)心17.be excited about at sth.對感到興奮 18. be sorry for為而抱歉 19. be interested in sth. 對感興趣 20. be grateful to sb.對感激 21. be afraid of (doing) sth 害怕（做）某事22. be strict with sb. be strict aboutin sth. 對嚴(yán)格要求 23. be angry withat sb. be angry atabout sth.對生氣 24. be nervous about對感到緊張 25. be tired of sth.=be bored with sth.對感到厭倦 26. be surprised at sth. be surprised to do sth. 對感到驚訝 27.can（not）=be（not）able to (不)能 will（not）be able to（其將來時）28.have a temperature fever發(fā)燒 29. ring sb. up=call sb. 給某人打電話30.care for=take care of=look after 照顧 31.on the way to 在去的路上32.feel lonely live alone 前者形容詞修飾系動詞，后者副詞修飾動詞33.because of +n.代詞|名詞短語 because+句子34.on+具體描述的時間段 35. fall into 掉入 fall down 倒塌36.in the end=at last=finally 最后 37.come into being 形成、成立于38.be full of=be filled with 充滿了，被填滿了39. make peace with 與某人和解Unit 5 Topic 21.do well badly in 在做得好不好 2.have a talk with sb. 與某人交談3.at ones age 在某個年紀(jì) 4.make friends with sb. 與某人交朋友5.tell jokes 講笑話 6.fail the exam= not pass the exam考試不及格7.some suggestions=some pieces of advice一些建議(前者可數(shù)，后者不可數(shù)）8.happen to sb.sth. （事情）發(fā)生在身上 happen to do sth. 碰巧9.take part in activities 10.with the help of sb. 11.all the time 一直 12.take a walk=go for a walk 散步Unit 5 Topic 31.calm down冷靜 2.at the end of the months在月末 3.smile at life笑對人生4. learn by oneself=teach oneself 自學(xué) learn sth. from sb.向某人學(xué)習(xí)5. get together with sb. 與某人團(tuán)聚 get along（well）with sb. 與某人相處（融洽） 6. put on a play 上演劇目7in a badgood mood處于不好好的情緒 8.in goodbad health處于好不好的健康 9. in goodbadhighlow spirits處于不好好高低的情緒10.make+賓語+doadj.n. make her laughexcitedmonitor 11. let sb. do sth.讓做12. get bake to sth. 回到某事上13.a sense of 的感覺 Unit 6 Topic 11.go on a three-day visit進(jìn)行3天的參觀 a one-meter tall boy一個1米高的男孩 an eight-year-old girl一個8歲的女孩 2. find out 查明3. make a decision=decide to do sth. 做決定 4. hard soft sleeper 硬軟臥5. at the price of 60 yuan60元的價格 6.in badgood condition 條件糟糕|好7. arrive at+小地方/in+大地方 = reach = get to 到達(dá) 8. total cost總花費(fèi)9. book a room=make a room reservation 預(yù)定一個房間 10. tellask sb. (not) to do sth.11.a room without a bathroom or air conditioning 12.a standard room for one person13.work out the cost of the trip計算 work out the problem 解決 14. come up with an idea提出15.each2（riverstreet） every3 either(兩者之一) both=2 all3(肯定 ) none3（否定） 16.have a good rest好好休息 17.in the open air在戶外18. an exciting experience經(jīng)歷、可數(shù) have no experience經(jīng)驗、不可數(shù)19. places of interest 名勝古跡 20. look forward to (doing)sth. 期望做某事 Unit 6 Topic 21. be busy (in) doing sth.忙于做某事 2. on vacation 在3.help sb. (to) do sth.幫做 4.make a plan制定計劃 plan to do sth. 計劃做某事 5. come along with sb.跟隨某人 6.at the foot top of 在的腳下頂上 7.spread over an area of 40 km2 覆蓋40多平方米8. at the beginning of 在的開始 9. by the way順便問一下 10.take out 拿出來 11.on both sides of在的兩邊 on eacheither side of在的每一邊（兩者） 12.tell good from bad 辨別好壞13.in在里 on在（相接） to在（相鄰）14.pullpush拉推 15.step on踩 16.in all directions 四面八方 17.take photos拍照片18. push ones way out擠開、推進(jìn)（道路） 19.out of sight看不見 20.get onoff上下車 21.cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事 cant help to do sth 不能幫忙做某事22.shout at sb. to do sth對大叫 23.have fun doing sth.高興地做某事 24. make ones dream=come true 實現(xiàn) 25.everywhere= here and there到處 26. make sure確保27.two and a half hours = two hours and a half 兩個半小時Unit 6 Topic 31.a traffic accident 交通事故 2. be badly hurt= hurtbadly傷得很重3.be crazy about sth. 熱衷于 be crazy about sb. 迷戀、愛上. 4.cause air pollution造成空氣污染5.get used to doing sth. 習(xí)慣于做某事 used to do sth. 過去常常做某事6.in public 在公共場合 7.die（動） dead（形） death（名）死8.slow down 減速 speed up 加速 9.the opposite direction相反的方向 10.avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 11.run into 撞 12.rush to沖向 13.careful-careless 細(xì)心-粗心 carefully-carelessly14.get a fine 罰款 15.in danger處于危險中 out of danger 脫離危險16. instead of doing sth 而不是 17.use sth for (doing)sth= use sth to do sth 用做 18.in trouble處于麻煩中 Im sorry to trouble you. 不好意思打擾你了。19.leadto led（過去式） 20.ride into躋身于 21.in ones life 在某人一生中 22.go on doing sth go on with sth. 繼續(xù)23. fromto=fromtill 從到24. once again再一次 25 .beak the record打破記錄 set a new record設(shè)立一個新紀(jì)錄 26.deal with the problems 處理這些問題27.warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告、提醒某人（不）做某事 Unit 7 Topic 11.know about了解，知道情況 2.hear of 聽說過 3.be born出生于4.haveholda food festival 5.raise money 籌錢 6.on the Internet在網(wǎng)上7.cheer sb. up使振作（高興）起來 8.western culture西方文化9. keepget in touch with與某人保持取得聯(lián)系10.fried ricenoodles炒飯炒面11. get sth. about sb. 獲得關(guān)于某人的信息 12. would like to do=d like to do=want to do想做某事13.turn to =ask sb. for help 向某人求助 14.think about 思考，考慮 think over 考慮 think of認(rèn)為15.imagine (sb.) doing sth. Sb. imagine (that) +句子17.have(has) a sweet tooth=enjoy eating sweet food 喜歡吃甜食18.whats worse 更糟糕的是 whats more 更有甚者 however 然而19.形、副+enough Eg: goodwell enough enough+名詞 Eg: enough timefood20.India- Indian Italy- Italian Greece-Greek America- American Russia- Russian Japan-Japanese Britain-British Canada-Canadian Asia-Asian Europe-European Africa-African Australia-Australian China-Chinese (前者國名，后者.國的）21.decide (not) to do sth. decide on sth.決定 22. overon the phone=by phone通過電話23. send out 發(fā)送 send for sb. 請某人來 send off 送行 send sth. to sb. 發(fā)送某物給某人24. food festival美食節(jié) 25. invite to =invite sb.sb to do sth邀請26. work at sth.致力于、努力做27. in order (not) to do sth. in order that=so that+句子 為了 28. enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事29. win（動）won（過去式）winner（名）win a match 贏得比賽 beat sba team 打敗某人一個隊30. supply sth. to sb. 提供某物給某人 supply sb. with sth. 提供某人某物 31. success（名）successful（形）successfully（副）succeed（動） succeed in doing sth.成功做某事 Unit 7Topic 21. try to do sth. 盡力做某事 try doing sth.試試做某事2. cook（煮或廚師）cooker（廚具）3. boiled water 開水（完成、被動） boiling water正在沸騰的水（進(jìn)行、主動）4.cut sth.up 將某物切碎 cutinto pieces 切片5.at once=immediately=right now 立即6. add to 添加在上 addto將加在 add up 加起來 add up to總計為7. first second next then after that finally 首先、其次、再次、然后、之后、最后8. mind (ones) doing 介意（某人）做某事9.well-better-best（副） good-better-best（形）hard-harder-hardest(形副)10. Help yourself to sth.,單人 Help yourselves to sth.,多人11. for the first time 第一次 12. table manners 餐桌禮儀 a friendly manner 友好的態(tài)度13. had better (not) do sth.=d better (not)do sth. 最好（不）做14. at the table 就餐at table 在桌旁15.beginstart with 以開始 end with 以結(jié)束 16.eat sth.up 吃完ate（過去式） 17. drink to sb.sth. 為祝酒 Lets drink to her health. 18. point at sb. with sth. 用某物指著某人19. remember to do sth. 記得要做某事 remember doing sth. 記得做過某事20. finish doing sth. 完成做某事 21.around all overacrossthroughout the world 全世界22. different eating habits 不同的飲食習(xí)慣 23. be far away from 遠(yuǎn)離 23. be different from 反義詞 the same as 不同于 24. pick up 撿起、接某人25.main course 主菜 two courses 兩道菜兩個課程26. in the southern part of China in the south of China在中國南部 27. easternsouthernwesternnortherncentral 東南西北中（形） Unit 7Topic 31.on sale減價出售 for sale待售 2. kind-hearted 好心的 hard-working努力工作學(xué)習(xí)3.in fact 事實上 in short = in a word簡言之4.wish sb. succeed祝某人成功. wish（sb.）to do sth.希望（某人）做5.order a meal 訂餐 order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事6.e-mail sth. to sb.（動） send an e-mail to sb.（名）發(fā)e-mail給 by e-mail （名）7.have a balanced diet 有個均衡的飲食 8. be worth （doing）sth. 值得（做）某事9. Its said that據(jù)說 10.not onlybut also不但而且 There be句型 eitheror 或者或 者 就近一致原則（bothand除外） Unit 8 Topic 11. so that+句子 如此.以至于 so + adj. + a(n) + n.+ that= such +a(n) + adj. + n. + that 2. so that+句子=in order to+V 為了3. tooto do sth=notenough to do sth太.而不能 3.nearly=almost幾乎hardly幾乎不4.be made offromin (of為看得見的材料，from為看不見的，in為物品制造地)5.花費(fèi)：人+payfor 人+spend +時間錢on sth.in (doing) sth. 物+cost+錢 It +takes sb+時間to do sth6. on birthdays on special days at Christmas at noon in winter in the daytime in the old days 7. dress 連衣裙著裝 8.catch ones eye惹人注目9.as well as 除之外（還有） except除了.外（不再有）10. as well=too 也，置句末，否定用either 11. protect sb. sth. from sth. 保護(hù)不受的傷害 12. more than 不僅僅，比更多 13. do exercise（不可數(shù)）do eye exercises（可數(shù)）14.as the saying goes 俗話說 Unit 8 Topic 21.make sth. for sb.= make sb. sth.給某人做某物 2. look adj. on sb. 穿在某人身上看起來3. allow sb.to do sth. 允許某人做某事 4. at work在工作時 5. make a survey about sth. 做關(guān)于的調(diào)查 6. carry out special tasks 執(zhí)行特殊任務(wù)7. keepstop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 stop to do sth. 停下去做某事stop doing sth.停下手中的事8. put ontake off 穿上脫下 9. on every occasion 在每個場合 10. in our lives在我們生活中 in the daily life 在日常生活中11.Its + adj.+that= Its + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. 做某事怎么樣 12. try on 試穿 13. according to 根據(jù) 14. advise sb. to do sth.=give sb. some advice on sth.建議某人做15. somesomeand others 一些一些另一些 16. hide-hid躲藏17. be suitable for sb.sth. 適用于 be suitable to do sth. 適宜、得體做18. dress correctly穿衣得體 19. at the airport在機(jī)場 20. falling ceilings天花板Unit 8 Topic 31.There is going to be =There will be某地將有 2.model the clothes展示服裝3. in the middlecenter of 在中間 4. a traditional dress 一條傳統(tǒng)的裙子5. in the world of 在的領(lǐng)域 6. stand for 代表7. another 3 models= 3 moreother models 8. as for sb.sth. 至于某人|某物9. get ones name 得名于 10. designas 把設(shè)計成11. either of 兩者中的任何一個，謂語為單數(shù) 12. in the 1920s 20世紀(jì)20年代13.become known toas=be famous tofor 被某人所熟知|作為被人所熟知14. choice(名) choose（動）chose（過去式）選擇15.widely known=well-known 被所熟知 16. at one time 曾經(jīng) in the past在過去17. out of style過時 in style 時髦 18.outside a clothing store= out of a clothing store在服裝店外二、重點(diǎn)語法知識復(fù)習(xí)（一）動詞不定式1、動詞不定式的基本形式：to+動詞原形，有時可以不用to，這里的to 是不定式符號，本身無詞義，動詞不定式的否定形式是not+(to+)動詞原形。2、動詞不定式的句法功能：1) 作主語動詞不定式作主語時，常常用it 作形式主語，而將真正的主語（動詞不定式）放在后面。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：It +be+adj.+(+forof sb.)+動詞不定式。例句：（背過）To learn English well is useful.= It is useful to learn English well.It is important for us （保護(hù)環(huán)境）。It is not easy for us （學(xué)好英語）。注意：在kind, good, nice, clever 等表示人的品質(zhì)的形容詞后，不用for而用of.It is clever of you to do like that.It is very kind of you to help me.2) 做表語My work is to clean the room everyday.My job is to take care of the little babies.3) 作賓語I like to play basketball.注意：一些謂語動詞后只能用動詞不定式作賓語，常見的這類詞表示打算或者希望，例如：would like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, except等。I would like to see a film this evening.I hope to become a teacher in the future.在find, think等詞語后，常用it 作形式賓語，而把真正的賓語（動詞不定式）放到句末。I find to learn English well is easy. =I find it easy to learn English well.I find （學(xué)好英語很難）。I dont think （獨(dú)立完成作業(yè)很困難）。4) 作賓語補(bǔ)足語不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時與賓語有邏輯上的主動關(guān)系。tell, ask, allow, get, encourage等動詞后常跟動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。Lucy asked me to turn down the radio.My mother encourages me to learn Japanese.5) 作定語不定式作定語應(yīng)放在被修飾詞后面。There is nothing to worry about.He was the best man to do the job.6) 作狀語動詞不定式作狀語，最?？嫉氖亲髂康臓钫Z。Im sorry to trouble you.（表原因）I went to the library to study English.（表目的）To find a book in the library, enter a key word into the computer.（表目的）注意：動詞不定式常和疑問詞what, which, when, where, how 連用，相當(dāng)于一個賓語從句。The teacher is telling the students what to do.He didnt know where to go.（二）狀語從句1、 時間狀語從句:常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等連詞來引導(dǎo)。It was raining hard（rain hard 下大雨） when got to school yesterday.He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.注意：在時間狀語從句里，通常不用將來時態(tài)，用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)表示將來的動作或狀態(tài)。例如：Ill ring you up as soon as I get to New York.I will tell him everything when he comes back.He wont believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.2、 條件狀語從句(1)條件狀語從句通常由if, unless引導(dǎo)。例如：What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?Dont leave the building unless I tell you to.(2)在條件狀語從句里，謂語動詞通常用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)表示將來的動作或狀態(tài)。例如：Ill help you with your English if am free tomorrow.He wont be late unless he is ill.(3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陳述句” 在意思上相當(dāng)于一個帶有條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句。例如：Hurry up, or youll be late. =If you dont hurry up, youll be late.Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam.3.原因狀語從句原因狀語從句通常由because, since, as引導(dǎo)。例如：He didnt come to school because he was ill.As it is raining, we shall not （不得；不應(yīng)該）go the zoo.Since you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone else.3、 目的狀語從句(1)目的狀語從句通常由 so that, in order that（為了，以便）引導(dǎo)。例如：We started early so that we could catch the first train.He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.We used the computer in order that we might save time.(2)so that既可引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，又可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。區(qū)別這兩種從句的辦法有兩個：1)目的狀語從句里往往帶有情態(tài)動詞can, could, may, might等。2)從意思上看，目的狀語從句往往表示的目的很明確。例如：Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的狀語從句)Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (結(jié)果狀語從句)4、 結(jié)果狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句由sothat, suchthat, so that引導(dǎo)。例如：He is so poor that he cant buy a bike for his son.She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldnt see it.注意：在由so.that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句中，so是副詞，與形容詞連用。其結(jié)構(gòu)是: “.so + 形容詞（副詞）+ that + 從句”。例如：He was so glad that he couldnt say a word.The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever（幾乎不，從來不） see her.在由suchthat引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句中，such是形容詞，它修飾的可以是單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，也可以是不可數(shù)名詞；名詞前面可以帶形容詞，也可不帶。如果是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，前面需加不定冠詞a或an。例如：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.（天花板）注意：如果名詞前由many, much, little, few等詞修飾時，只能用so, 不用such。例如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.5、 讓步狀語從句(1)讓步狀語從句通常由although, though等連詞引導(dǎo)。例如：Though he is young, he knows a lot.Although I am tired, I must go on working.(2)although(though)不能用在同一個句子中。例如：我們不能說：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.應(yīng)該說：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out.（三）賓語從句:是一種名詞性從句，在句中作及物動詞的賓語，或介詞的賓語，或形容詞的賓語。根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的不同連詞，賓語從句可分為三類。1. 由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。that只有語法作用，沒有實在的意義，在口語和非正式文體中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當(dāng)某個成分。例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I dont know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him.注意：if 和Whether的區(qū)別1） 由 連詞if、 whether 引導(dǎo)的表示“是否”的賓語從句。Whether,if 在從句中不做句子的成分，一般情況下，whether和if 可以替換。 例： I dont know if/whether he will come tomorrow. The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment. 2）、下面幾種情況只能用whether和不定式連(whether to do sth.)用作賓語時不用if引導(dǎo). 例：Whether to go there hasnt been decided. They asked me whether to go shopping.賓語從句中有or not時不用if引導(dǎo). 例：I dont know whether the star will come or not.在介詞后面的賓語從句中不用if引導(dǎo) 例：Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.賓語從句的語序賓語從句的語序應(yīng)為陳述句的語序。例如： I hear (that) physics isnt easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when well have the meeting.1、Could you tell me_. A. you will get here when B. when will you get here C. get here when you will D. when you will get here2、The old man asked me _ .A. where was the cinema B. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema was D. where was the way to the cinema賓語從句的時態(tài)1. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句該用什么時態(tài)就用什么時態(tài)。簡單記為“主現(xiàn)從原來（原來的時態(tài)）”如： I dont think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?2. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)（一般過去時， 過去進(jìn)行時， 過去將來時，過去完成時），簡單記為“主過從過去”。例如： He asked what time i