狀語從句(高一)

狀語從句,Adverbialclauses,定義：在復(fù)合句中由從句表示的狀語稱作狀語從句，它可以用來修飾謂語（包括非謂語動(dòng)詞）、定語或狀語，或是整個(gè)句子。,準(zhǔn)確掌握每一個(gè)連詞的含義是掌握狀語從句的關(guān)鍵。,同時(shí)要注意主從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)。,考核要求：,狀語從句一般分為九大類,狀語從句類別:,時(shí)間狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句原因狀語從句目的狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句條件狀語從句方式狀語從句比較狀語從句讓步狀語從句,1.時(shí)間狀語從句：,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的連詞有：,when,while,as,before,after,till,until,since,assoonas，once等。,When-當(dāng)時(shí)候,通常指某一特定的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，主句與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。,e.g:WhenIopenedthewindow,Isawhimcomeup.,WhenIhavetime,Iwillgotoseeyou.(主將從現(xiàn)）,*注意：在時(shí)間狀語從句中，主從句都是將來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)時(shí)，習(xí)慣上主句用將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。（主將從現(xiàn)）,When-正在的時(shí)候，突然。通常主句是進(jìn)行時(shí)或beabouttodo時(shí)，在翻譯的時(shí)候，when可以譯成沒想到或突然。,e.g:Iwaswalkingalongthestreet,whenImethim.,Iwasabouttofallasleepwhenmysistercamein.,Oneevening,littleHanswassittingnearthefirewhenheheardaloudknockatthedoor.,When=after,e.g:Whenthechildrenhadgonetobed,shebegantoprepareherlessons.,While-在期間，往往指一段時(shí)間。,e.g:WhilewewereinAmerica,wesawhimtwice.,Whileweweretalking,hecamein.,Strikewhiletheironishot.,*注：While-表示一種輕微的轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比,e.g:Somepeoplehavealotofhairwhileothershavealittle.,As-一邊一邊,隨著,e.g:Shewasdoingherhomeworkasshewaslisteningtothemusic.,Asshegrewolder,shebecamemorebeautiful.,until-直到e.g:Wewaiteduntilhecameback.notuntil-直到才e.g:Hedidntleavetheofficeuntilhefinishedthework.,*主句動(dòng)詞為持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，則主句用肯定句；反之，瞬時(shí)性動(dòng)詞用否定句,Before-在之前,e.g:Thepassengersshouldarriveattheairportanhourbeforetheflightdeparts.,Didyouworkasastewardessbeforeyoucametothiscompany?,HeranoffbeforeIcouldstophim.,ItwasnotlongbeforeIforgotitall.,(Itwas/willbebefore(Itwasnt/wontbebefore是常用句型),After-在之后,Thecustomerlefttheticketcounterafterhehadaquarrelwiththeticketagent.,e.g:Afterthedirectorseatedheronthestage,amake-upartistrushedforward.,since-自從,通常主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),e.g:IhaveneverbeenthereagainsinceIgraduatedfromtheuniversity.,Thecaptainhastraveledalmosteverywhereintheworldsincehebecameapilot.,Itisjustaweeksincewearrivedhere.我們與飛行員失去聯(lián)系已經(jīng)有兩個(gè)禮拜了。,(Itis/hasbeensince是常用句型）,assoonas-一就,e.g:Jackwenttoschoolassoonashegotwell.,IllringyouupassoonasIgetananswerfromhim.,Once-一旦就,e.g:Onceyouseehim,youwillneverforgethim.,bythetime,eachtime,everytime,immediately,themoment,theinstant,theminute,soonafter,shortlyafter都可以作為連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語。如：,Eachtimehecame,hewouldcallonme.,2.條件狀語從句,引導(dǎo)狀語從句的連接詞有:,if,unless,If-如果,e.g:Ifyoudonthurryup,youwillmisstheplane.,Ifitsnowstomorrow,theflightwillbecanceled.,Ifyouleaveat6oclocktomorrowmorning,youdbettergettobednow.,Unless-如果不,除非=ifnot,e.g:Wecantgetthereontimeunlesswebooktheearliestflight,=Wecannotgetthereontimeifwedontbooktheearliestflight.,Donttroubletroubleunlesstroubletroublesyou.,Hewillnotjoinusunlesshechangeshismind.,*注:主從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在將來時(shí)，則主句用將來時(shí),從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。(主將從現(xiàn)）,e.g:Ifhearrivestomorrow,Iwillbewaitingforhimattheairport.,Hesaidhewouldnotleaveunlessitwasfinenextday.,3.原因狀語從句,because,since=nowthat,as,這四個(gè)連詞都用于表示表示原因,但在語氣上一個(gè)比一個(gè)弱.,because-因?yàn)?通常從句放在主句后.,e.g:Mr.Smithwasveryupsetbecausehecouldntfindhisluggage.,Hesaidthathecouldntworkbecausethecomputerwasoutoforder.,IsucceededbecauseIwilledit,Ineverhesitated.,IdoitbecauseIlikeit.,As-因?yàn)?通常放在句首,e.g:Asheishonestandmodest,allhisfriendslikehim.,Since-既然因語氣較弱,常譯為既然,e.g:Sinceeverybodyhascome,wecansetoff.,Sincethepurser（事務(wù)長）didnttelluswhattodo,wecanrelax.,Nowthat-既然,e.g:Nowthatyouarehere,youcanjoinus.,Nowthatallairlinesofferdiscountprices,weshoulddothesame.,4.結(jié)果狀語從句,引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有：,sothat,suchthat,sothat-太以至于so后面應(yīng)用形容詞或副詞,有時(shí)省略so只用that,e.g:Boeing747issolargethatpeopleliketocallitjetbomb.,Theflightwasscheduledsoearlythatnobodywantedtobookonit.,suchthat-太以至于用法與sothat相同，但such后面應(yīng)用名詞。,e.g:Theforeignvisitorwassuchafastspeakerthatnobodycouldunderstandhim.,TheCanadianairlineshangar（飛機(jī)棚）issuchahugebuildingthatitcanholdtwomedium-rangejetsatthesametime.,5.目的狀語從句,引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的主要連詞有:,sothat,inorderthat,e.g:Letstakethefrontseats(so)thatwemayseemoreclearly.,(so)that-以便,從句中常常使用一些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如：can,could,may,might,should等,inorderthat-為了,與sothat相同從句中常常使用一些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如：can,could,may,might,should等,e.g:Schoolwasclosedearlyinorderthatthechildrenmightgohomeaheadofthestorm.,6.讓步狀語從句,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞有：,Although,though,*注：不能與but連用,Although,though-雖然although和though可以互換，但although常放在句首。,e.g:Althoughitwasraining,theplanemanagedtotakeoff.,Althoughitwasnothisfault,hetookalltheblame.,Thoughhedidhisbest,hedidntsucceed.,1.Itisfoolishtotakeataxi_youcaneasilywalktothestation.A.beforeB.thatC.unlessD.when,2.Illacceptthejob,_Idonthavetogetupearly.A.eventhoughB.thoughC.incaseD.if,3.-DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?-Yes.Igaveittoher_Isawher.A.whileB.assoonasC.suddenlyD.once,4.Ihurried_Iwouldntbelateforclass.A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unless,5.-Whatwasthepartylike?-Wonderful.Itsyears_Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.afterB.whenC.beforeD.since,6._hecomes,wewontbeabletogo.A.WithoutB.UnlessC.ExceptD.Even,7.IwaswatchingTV_thelightswentout.A.whenB.whileC.asD