[電氣電網(wǎng)設(shè)計(jì)精品論文] 變電站電壓無(wú)功綜合控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

本科畢業(yè)論文變電站電壓無(wú)功綜合控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)生姓名學(xué)生學(xué)號(hào)院（系）年級(jí)專業(yè)指導(dǎo)教師二一一年五月A1A0A2A3A4A5A7A8I摘要無(wú)功補(bǔ)償是保證電力系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定，降低線路損耗，提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和保證電壓質(zhì)量的基本條件。國(guó)內(nèi)變電站配備有載調(diào)壓變壓器和并聯(lián)電容器組，通過(guò)合理地調(diào)節(jié)變壓器分接頭和投切電容器組，可以很大程度上改善電網(wǎng)電壓質(zhì)量，實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)功功率合理補(bǔ)償。變電站電壓無(wú)功綜合控制系統(tǒng)的目標(biāo)是在保證電壓合格、無(wú)功功率基本平衡的基礎(chǔ)上盡量減少調(diào)節(jié)次數(shù)。九區(qū)圖劃分的電壓無(wú)功調(diào)節(jié)判據(jù)，實(shí)際運(yùn)行時(shí)在臨界區(qū)域容易造成振蕩和裝置動(dòng)作頻繁，針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)九區(qū)圖控制策略的不足，本文引入了基于變量G16757G12651的VQC策略，通過(guò)G17837G12193策略G12651G8873G5483G1998變壓器分接頭和電容器投切G5332G1863的動(dòng)作G7053G7708。通過(guò)基于變量G16757G12651的G57G52G38策略G994傳統(tǒng)九區(qū)圖G57G52G38策略G11468G8616，G2081G13785在不降低電壓無(wú)功控制效G7536，G2528時(shí)G14033G3827減少有載調(diào)壓器分接頭和并聯(lián)電容器組的調(diào)節(jié)次數(shù)，提高了電G8680G16786備G1363G11004G4563G2641。G1863G19202G16801G726無(wú)功補(bǔ)償，電壓無(wú)功控制，變量G16757G12651G57G52G38策略A1A0A2A3A4A5ABSTRACTIIABSTRACTREACTIVECOMPENSATIONISTOGUARANTEETHESYSTEMRUNSSTABLYANDREDUCEPOWERLINELOSS,IMPROVETHEECONOMICBENEFITANDENSURETHEBASICCONDITIONSOFVOLTAGEQUALITYDOMESTICSUBSTATIONEQUIPPEDWITHONLOADCHANGERTRANSFORMERANDPARALLELCAPACITORGROUP,THROUGHREASONABLYREGULATINGTRANSFORMERPOINTSJOINTANDTHREWCUTTINGCAPACITORSET,CANLARGELYIMPROVETHENETWORKVOLTAGEQUALITYANDREALIZINGREACTIVEPOWERREASONABLECOMPENSATIONVOLTAGEREACTIVEPOWERINTEGRATEDCONTROLSYSTEMSGOALISTOENSUREVOLTAGEQUALIFIED,REACTIVEPOWERBASEDONTHEBASICBALANCETOMINIMIZEREGULATIONFREQUENCYNINEAREAGRAPHPARTITIONVOLTAGEREACTIVEADJUSTINGCRITERION,WHENACTUALOPERATIONINCRITICALREGIONSEASILYCAUSEOSCILLATIONANDDEVICEISFREQUENT,CONVENTIONALNINEAREACHARTDEFICIENCYOFCONTROLSTRATEGYBASEDONVARIABLE,THISPAPERINTRODUCESTHEVQCSTRATEGY,CALCULATEDBYTHISSTRATEGYTHATTRANSFORMERPOINTSJOINTANDALGORITHMOFCAPACITORSWITCHINGACTIONPLANTHROUGHTHEVQCSTRATEGYBASEDONVARIABLECALCULATIONWITHTRADITIONALNINEAREACHART,THEFORMERVQCSTRATEGYINNOTLOWERTHANVOLTAGEREACTIVEPOWERCONTROLEFFECTALSOCANREDUCEONLOADPRESSUREREGULATORPOINTJOINTANDPARALLELCAPACITORGROUPOFREGULATION,IMPROVINGTHEFREQUENCYELECTRICEQUIPMENTUSINGLIFEKEYWORDSREACTIVEPOWERCOMPENSATION,VOLTAGEREACTIVECONTROL,VARIABLECALCULATIONVQCSTRATEGYA6A9A10A11A12A13A14A15I目錄摘要IABSTRACTII1緒論111A16A17A18A19A20A21A22A16A17A19A20A21A22112A23A24A25A26A27A28A29A23A24A26A27A28A29213A30A31A32A33A34A35A30A31A33A3432無(wú)功補(bǔ)償控制原理設(shè)計(jì)421A36A37A38A39A40A41A42A43A44A45A36A37A39A40A41A42422A46A47A48A49A50A51A52A53A54A55A46A47A49A50A51A52723A56A57A58A59A60A61A62A50A51A63A64A56A57A59A60A61A628231A65A66A67A68A69A70A719232A72A73A74A75A76A77A78A79A80A8111233A72A73A74A82A83A84A85A86A87A88A891324A90A91A92A93A94A95A96A90A91A93A94A95A96VQCA97A98A99A100A97A98A99A100143系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì)1831A101A102A103A104A105A106A101A102A104A1051832A107A108A101A102A109A110A111A112A107A108A101A102A110A1111833A113A114A113A115A113A1142034A116A117A118A119A120A121A113A115A116A117A119A1202135A122A123A124A125A126A125A127A128A129A122A123A125A126A125A127224系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì)2441A130A131A132A133A134A135A136A134A130A131A133A134A135A1362442A137A138A139A140A141A142A134A135A143A144A137A138A140A141A142A1342543A145A146A147A124A144A148A145A146VQCA149A150A151A152A153A154A150A151A152A1532744A155A156A153A154A157A158A155A156A154A1572845VQCA149A150A153A154A159A160A150A153A159A16030結(jié)論34參考文獻(xiàn)35致謝36A161A162A163A164A165A1661A167A16511緒論11選題背景和意義電壓是衡量電G14033質(zhì)量的G980G1022G18337G16213G6363標(biāo)，保證電壓接G17829G20081定G1552是電力系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行調(diào)G6984的G18337G16213G1231G2165G1055G980。G17837是G11013于G2520G12193G11004電G16786備G18129有是G6365G20081定電壓G16786G16757制造的，電壓G1571G12239過(guò)大不G1177對(duì)G11004G6155的G8503G5132G5049作G1147G10995不G2045G5445G2721，G17836可G1363網(wǎng)G13488損耗G3698大，G10990G14279G2373G2462系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的穩(wěn)定G5627，經(jīng)G11752G12362G13479G7536G15932G7138，造成電壓質(zhì)量G991降的G1039G16213G2419G3252是系統(tǒng)無(wú)功功率不足G6122G13785無(wú)功率分G5079不合理，G6164以電壓調(diào)G6984G19394G20076G1039G16213是分G5079G19394G20076G994無(wú)功功率的補(bǔ)償。作G1038變電站調(diào)壓的G1039G16213G6175G8585，G980G14336G18129G18331G11004有載調(diào)壓變壓器和補(bǔ)償電容器，有載調(diào)壓變壓器可以在G5114G17139G14667條件G991切G6454分接頭。G1186G13792改變變壓器的變G8616，可以G17227G2052調(diào)G6984電壓降低損耗的作G11004，G9994G13792合理地配置無(wú)功功率補(bǔ)償容量，可改變網(wǎng)G13488G1025的無(wú)功G9538G8981分G5079、改善功率G3252數(shù)、減少網(wǎng)G13488損耗和電壓損耗，G1186G13792改善G11004G6155電壓質(zhì)量。以上G1016G12193G6526G7057G15441G9994G18129有調(diào)G6984電壓的作G11004，G1306G1866G2419理作G11004以G2462效G7536是不G2528的，在G2045G11004有載調(diào)壓變壓器分接頭G17839行調(diào)壓時(shí)，調(diào)壓G6526G7057本G10995不G1147G10995無(wú)功功率。G3252G8504在G6984G1022系統(tǒng)無(wú)功不足的G5785G1929G991不可G14033G11004G17837G12193G7053G8873G7481提高G1852系統(tǒng)的電壓G8712平。G13792G2045G11004補(bǔ)償電容器G17839行調(diào)壓，G11013于補(bǔ)償裝置本G17535可G1147G10995無(wú)功功率，G3252G8504G17837G12193G7053G5347G7094G14033G5369補(bǔ)系統(tǒng)無(wú)功的不足，G2460可以改變網(wǎng)G13488G1025的無(wú)功分G5079，G9994G13792在系統(tǒng)無(wú)功G1817足G1306G11013于無(wú)功分G5079不合理，G13792造成電壓質(zhì)量G991降時(shí)，G17837G12193G7053G5347G2376G2460是無(wú)G14033G1038力的，G3252G8504G2494有G4570G1016G13785有G7438的G13479合G17227G7481，G6177有可G14033G17810G2052G14403G3921的控制效G7536，在傳統(tǒng)的控制G7053G5347G991，G17837G1016G12193控制G7053G5347是運(yùn)行G1166員根據(jù)系統(tǒng)調(diào)度部門(mén)G991G17810的電壓無(wú)功控制G16757劃，根據(jù)運(yùn)行G5785G1929G17839行調(diào)G6984的。G17837不G1177G3698加了G1552班G1166員的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，G13792且對(duì)雙參數(shù)調(diào)G6984難以G17810G2052最優(yōu)的控制效G7536。電壓是電G14033的G1039G16213質(zhì)量G6363標(biāo)G1055G980。電壓質(zhì)量對(duì)電網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行G2462電力G16786備安G1852運(yùn)行具有G18337大G5445G2721。電壓無(wú)功和G1039變分接頭是G5445G2721電壓質(zhì)量的G1016G1022G1039G16213G3252素，電壓無(wú)功的綜合調(diào)節(jié)是提高電壓合格率，減少變壓器和線路損耗，提高電網(wǎng)安G1852G5627和經(jīng)濟(jì)G5627的必G16213G6175G8585，過(guò)去，變電站的電壓和無(wú)功功率G18129是靠運(yùn)行G1552班G1166員G6175動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)，G6175動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)的缺點(diǎn)是顯G13792易見(jiàn)的G726不G14033實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)節(jié)，調(diào)節(jié)效G7536難以保證。目G2081變電站的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)是綜合自動(dòng)化和無(wú)G1166G1552班化，電壓無(wú)功綜合控制是適應(yīng)G17837G12193發(fā)展趨勢(shì)的隨著蒙西電力系統(tǒng)規(guī)模的不斷擴(kuò)大，地區(qū)電網(wǎng)互聯(lián)緊密度不斷加強(qiáng)，系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜程度的不斷提高，G1363G5483電壓無(wú)功優(yōu)化控制G19394G20076的規(guī)模越G7481越大，G2419G7481G1177在變電站側(cè)裝G16786電壓無(wú)功自動(dòng)控制裝置G17839行無(wú)功補(bǔ)償已不G14033滿足需G16213，G3252G1038G17837G12193補(bǔ)償G2494是局部控制，無(wú)G8873G17810G2052地區(qū)電網(wǎng)的G1852局最優(yōu)。G3252G8504必須G1186G6984G1022地區(qū)電網(wǎng)角度G17839行綜合電壓無(wú)功控制，G6177G14033G17810G2052G1852網(wǎng)最優(yōu)地改善G2520節(jié)點(diǎn)電壓G8712平和減少網(wǎng)G13488損A168A169A170A171A172A1731A174A1722耗的目的。G11013于G2520G12193G11004電G16786備接入電網(wǎng)會(huì)消耗大量的無(wú)功功率，G1038了維持無(wú)功功率的平衡，自七十年代以G7481，G2520級(jí)電網(wǎng)G1025G18129陸續(xù)安裝了大量的無(wú)功功率電源，無(wú)功補(bǔ)償電源的容量基本上G994新G3698發(fā)電G16786備的容量G11468適應(yīng)，電網(wǎng)的電壓G8712平不斷G5483G2052改善。G1306是依G9994存在著G980些G19394G20076，如G980些電網(wǎng)在高峰G17139G14667時(shí)電壓G1571低G13792在低谷G17139G14667時(shí)電壓G2376G1571高的現(xiàn)象時(shí)有發(fā)G10995，局部地區(qū)的無(wú)功控制G16786備的動(dòng)作次數(shù)超過(guò)G16786備的允許規(guī)定，嚴(yán)G18337G5445G2721了G16786備的G1363G11004G4563G2641。G12362G1866G2419G3252G1039G16213是G11013于地區(qū)電網(wǎng)的電壓無(wú)功調(diào)節(jié)G6175G8585運(yùn)G11004不合理，G1363G5483G2520無(wú)功補(bǔ)償G16786備未G14033發(fā)揮應(yīng)有的作G11004。據(jù)統(tǒng)G16757G726在電網(wǎng)G17139G14667高峰期，G1782960的電容器組未G14033投入運(yùn)行，G13792在低谷G17139G14667時(shí)G2376有G1782930的電容器未G14033退G1998運(yùn)行?？梢?jiàn)，無(wú)功補(bǔ)償?shù)男7536不G1177取決于補(bǔ)償G16786備的容量，G13792且G994G18331取的控制G7053G5347和控制策略密切G11468G1863。G3252G8504，如何G17839行地區(qū)電網(wǎng)電壓無(wú)功的協(xié)調(diào)優(yōu)化控制，是現(xiàn)代電力系統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行應(yīng)解決的G1039G16213G19394G20076G1055G980。G1186降低網(wǎng)G13488損耗的角度上講，G17839行地區(qū)電網(wǎng)的無(wú)功優(yōu)化可有效降低網(wǎng)G13488損耗，如G7536G1852國(guó)平均損率G14033G991降1，每年就可以減少數(shù)十億度的電G14033損耗，G17837對(duì)于我國(guó)并不十分G1817足的電力，G1866經(jīng)濟(jì)效益是非G5132可觀的。G3252G8504，G1038了保證電G14033質(zhì)量，提高電網(wǎng)的電壓合格率和盡量降低電力系統(tǒng)的網(wǎng)G13488損耗，應(yīng)G3698強(qiáng)對(duì)電壓無(wú)功的調(diào)控G14033力。隨著電力系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)化程度的不斷提高，電壓無(wú)功控制越G7481越G5483G2052G1166們的G18337視。隨著地區(qū)電網(wǎng)的不斷發(fā)展，電網(wǎng)G13479構(gòu)日趨復(fù)雜，無(wú)功調(diào)節(jié)G6175G8585的數(shù)目日益G3698多，G11004G6155對(duì)電G14033質(zhì)量的G16213求也日益提高，G17837些G3252素導(dǎo)致地區(qū)電網(wǎng)電壓無(wú)功優(yōu)化控制G19394G20076的規(guī)模越G7481越大，對(duì)G1866求解的G16213求也越G7481越高，傳統(tǒng)的電壓無(wú)功優(yōu)化控制G7053G8873已不G14033滿足電力系統(tǒng)實(shí)際運(yùn)行的需求。G3252G8504，G18331G11004G980G12193新的控制G2419理和控制G7053G8873G7481解決地區(qū)電網(wǎng)電壓無(wú)功協(xié)調(diào)優(yōu)化控制G19394G20076具有G18337大的理論意義和G5049程實(shí)際意義。12國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀多年G7481國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)G13785對(duì)于電壓無(wú)功控制G17837G980G19394G20076G17839行了大量的G11752G12362，并積累了G980些運(yùn)行經(jīng)驗(yàn)，G1147G10995了G2520G12193分析G12651G8873，經(jīng)歷了G11013G6175G5049分別控制電壓和無(wú)功，G2052基于單變電站的電壓無(wú)功綜合控制，再G2052多變電站的集G1025控制，現(xiàn)在已發(fā)展G2052基于分層分G5079G5347G13479構(gòu)的協(xié)調(diào)控制階G8585，G2528時(shí)許多電壓無(wú)功控制裝置也已經(jīng)在不G2528國(guó)家、地區(qū)投入G1363G11004，并G5483G2052了改G17839。在電網(wǎng)G1025無(wú)功功率補(bǔ)償G16786備G1039G16213有以G991幾G12193A175A176A177G726G2528步發(fā)電G7438G726G2528步發(fā)電G7438是電力系統(tǒng)G1025唯G980的有功電源，G2528時(shí)也是電網(wǎng)G1025無(wú)功的基本源。G2528步調(diào)G11468G7438G726G2528步調(diào)G11468G7438是G980G12193G2528步轉(zhuǎn)G17907運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的不G5114G7438G7812G17139G14667的G2528步電G7438，G5114有控制G1866G2181G11925G11925G3342以提G1391電壓控制的控制電路。G5415系統(tǒng)電壓G991降時(shí)，調(diào)G11468G7438G17839行過(guò)G2181G11925運(yùn)行，G2533系統(tǒng)提G1391G5875G5627無(wú)功功率G7481提高系統(tǒng)的電壓G727G5415系統(tǒng)電壓G2331高時(shí)，A168A169A170A171A172A1731A174A1723調(diào)G11468G7438G17839行G8436G2181G11925運(yùn)行，G2572G6922系統(tǒng)G1025的G5875G5627無(wú)功功率G7481降低系統(tǒng)電壓。有自動(dòng)G2181G11925調(diào)節(jié)裝置的G2528步G11468G7438G14033根據(jù)裝G16786地點(diǎn)電壓的數(shù)G1552平G9381的改變G17767G1998的無(wú)功功率，G1186G13792對(duì)電壓G17839行調(diào)節(jié)。G17837G12193裝置多G11004于高壓側(cè)對(duì)電網(wǎng)G17839行集G1025補(bǔ)償，G1306是G11013于G4439是G7071轉(zhuǎn)的電動(dòng)G7438，運(yùn)行G1025的損耗和G3134G3780G18129G8616G17751大，G2528時(shí)運(yùn)行維G6264復(fù)雜、G2721應(yīng)G17907度G5942，G6937難以滿足。G313并聯(lián)電容器組G726并聯(lián)電容器自動(dòng)投切裝置以電網(wǎng)G1025的無(wú)功功率的大G4579作G1038電容器G5332G1863投切的G1039G16213條件G727G5415無(wú)功大于上G19492時(shí)，電容器G5332G1863合G19404G727G5415無(wú)功G4579于G991G19492時(shí)，電容器G5332G1863分G19404。G2528時(shí)電容器G5332G1863G2460以G8609線電壓作G1038投切G17753G2173條件G726G5415G8609線電壓G5334G5132時(shí)，電容器G5332G1863G19393G19157G727G5415G8609線電壓大于上G19492G6984定G1552時(shí)，電容器切G19512G727G5415G8609線電壓G4579于G991G19492G6984定G1552時(shí)，電容器投入。電容器是G19757G8502的無(wú)功補(bǔ)償G16786備，具有G13479構(gòu)G12628單、經(jīng)濟(jì)G7053G1427G12573優(yōu)點(diǎn)，在調(diào)節(jié)效G7536G11468G17829的G5785G1929G991，G17165G11004G17840G17840低于G2528步調(diào)G11468G7438，G3252G13792已大G19766積取代了G2528步調(diào)G11468G7438。G314并聯(lián)電G6251器G726并聯(lián)電G6251器的G5049作G2419理G994并聯(lián)電容器的G5049作G2419理G8503G3921G11468G2465，G4439G4658于G17139補(bǔ)償，G5132G11004于補(bǔ)償電網(wǎng)G1025電容作G11004。并聯(lián)電G6251器是高壓G19283線路的G18337G16213補(bǔ)償G7053G5347，在新G5326變電站的電容器裝置G1025G1030聯(lián)電G6251器的G17885G6333G16213G5922G18337，不G14033G1231意組合，G980定G16213G13783G15397電容器接入、G1998的G16868G8886G3252數(shù)。G5415電容器組容量變化G8616G17751大時(shí)，可G17885G11004G994電容器G2528步調(diào)G6984分接頭的電G6251器G6122G17885G6333G1030聯(lián)電G6251器G9163合裝置，以G19462電容器投切時(shí)G1147G10995的過(guò)電壓。G315G19757G8502無(wú)功補(bǔ)償器G726隨著電力電G4388G6228G7427的發(fā)展G2462G1866在電力系統(tǒng)G1025的應(yīng)G11004，G19757G8502無(wú)功補(bǔ)償器G17839入了無(wú)功補(bǔ)償?shù)腉14322G2500。G19757G8502無(wú)功補(bǔ)償器是G6363G4570電容器G6122電G6251器G994大功率G2334導(dǎo)G1319裝置G11468G13479合G13792構(gòu)成的G980G12193可控?zé)o功電源。G11013于G8504G12193裝置在控制電路上G18331G11004大量的G7242G19404G12661，G6937G14033G17842續(xù)G13792G17817G17907的控制無(wú)功功率，G2375以G5567G17907的G2721應(yīng)，通過(guò)發(fā)G1998G6122G2572G6922無(wú)功功率G7481控制G4439G6164G17842接的電網(wǎng)的節(jié)點(diǎn)電壓。G2528時(shí)G8504裝置在投入G14033G3827減少過(guò)電壓和G9056G8981。G1306是G11013于國(guó)內(nèi)G2475G13796高壓功率G1815件的G19492制，G8504G12193裝置高壓無(wú)功補(bǔ)償G7053G19766G17836不G14033G7234G17953的G6524G5203應(yīng)G11004。13本文主要工作G1186降低網(wǎng)G13488損耗和提高變電站自動(dòng)化G8712平著G6175，對(duì)地區(qū)電網(wǎng)電壓無(wú)功控制應(yīng)G11004G7053G19766的G19394G20076G17839行G6518G16764，本文G1039G16213針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)補(bǔ)償控制策略存在的G980些G19394G20076G17839行分析，G9994G2530針對(duì)G8504G12193G19394G20076G16786G16757G980G12193基于變量G16757G12651的控制策略，G14033G3827G17751G3921的解決傳統(tǒng)控制策略G1998現(xiàn)的G19394G20076。G1038G8504G20330G1820G1183G13473了G980些無(wú)功補(bǔ)償?shù)幕A(chǔ)，如補(bǔ)償?shù)谋谿16213G5627，G5132G11004補(bǔ)償?shù)腉16786備、補(bǔ)償容量G16757G12651G7053G8873、補(bǔ)償G7053G7708G12573。本文G1183G13473了傳統(tǒng)控制策略九區(qū)圖控制G2419理的不足，分析了造成投切振蕩的G2419G3252，提G1998基于變量G16757G12651策略的控制系統(tǒng)G11840G17731件G16786G16757G7053G7708。A168A169A170A171A172A1732A178A179A180A181A182A183A184A185A186A18742無(wú)功補(bǔ)償控制策略G1038了改善電壓質(zhì)量和降低線路損耗，許多變電站配置了無(wú)功補(bǔ)償并聯(lián)電容器組和有載調(diào)壓器，根據(jù)G17139G14667變化對(duì)有載調(diào)壓器和補(bǔ)償并聯(lián)電容器G16786備G17839行綜合自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)。如何自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)變壓器G16786備和投切并聯(lián)電容器組，目G2081國(guó)內(nèi)G8821有統(tǒng)G980的G1946G2029。傳統(tǒng)的G3278定G17805界調(diào)節(jié)判據(jù)，存在G980些G19394G20076，容易造成頻繁投切G13792降低裝置G1363G11004G4563G2641，也容易造成過(guò)補(bǔ)和G8436補(bǔ)G12573G16844多G19394G20076，G1306是G11013于G1866控制判據(jù)具有成G10099G5627和穩(wěn)定G5627，G3252G8504目G2081在國(guó)內(nèi)很多補(bǔ)償裝置G1025G5203G8879地G18331G11004。G1038G8504G20330G1820G1183G13473和分析傳統(tǒng)的補(bǔ)償控制判據(jù)，分析傳統(tǒng)九區(qū)電壓、無(wú)功綜合控制策略，G16840G7138G1866存在的G19394G20076和G5430成G17837些G20076的G2419G3252，提G1998了基于變量G16757G12651G57G52G38策略的控制系統(tǒng)。21無(wú)功補(bǔ)償容量計(jì)算標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在G1144G8981電力系統(tǒng)G1025，G1817足無(wú)功電源可維持電力系統(tǒng)的電壓G8712平，保證電力系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行和G11004G6155的G1391電質(zhì)量，并減少電網(wǎng)的電G14033損G3845。G6937在滿足電G14033質(zhì)量的條件G991，如何配置系統(tǒng)的無(wú)功補(bǔ)償容量是非G5132G18337G16213的。G11842定補(bǔ)償容量的G7053G8873是多G12193多G7691的，G1306是G1866目的G18129是G16213提高配電網(wǎng)的G7588G12193運(yùn)行G6363標(biāo)，G991G19766就G7481G1183G13473幾G12193G11842定補(bǔ)償容量的G7053G8873A188A189A190。G1186提高功率G3252數(shù)需G16213G11842定補(bǔ)償容量如G7536電力網(wǎng)最大G17139G14667G7388的平均有功功率G1038YP，補(bǔ)償G2081的功率G3252數(shù)1COS，補(bǔ)償G2530的功率G3252數(shù)G10382COS，G2029補(bǔ)償容量G11004G991G19766G1856G5347G16757G12651G726/12121TGTGQTGTGPQYYCG5347G70821G709G6122G13785G1901成1COS11COS121YCPQG5347G70822G709有時(shí)需G16213G4570COS提高G2052大于2COS，G4579于1COS，G2029補(bǔ)償容量應(yīng)滿足G991G17860不G12573G5347G7261COS11COS11COS11COS12121YCYPQPG5347G70823G709G5347G1025CQG726G6164需無(wú)功補(bǔ)償容量，KVARG727YQG726最大G17139G14667日平均無(wú)功功率，KVARG727YPG726最大G17139G14667日平均有功功率，KVARG727A191A192A193A194A195A1962A197A198A199A200A201A202A203A204A205A2065COSG726最大G17139G14667日平均功率G3252數(shù)，COSG11842定必須適合。通G5132，G4570功率G3252數(shù)以09提G20521G6164需的補(bǔ)償容量，G994G4570功率G3252數(shù)G1186072提高G205209G6164需的補(bǔ)償容量G11468G5415。G3252G8504在高功率G3252數(shù)G991G17839行補(bǔ)償G1866效益G4570顯G14891G991降。G17837是G3252G1038在高功率G3252數(shù)G991，COSG7366線的上G2331率變G4579。G3252G8504提高功率G3252數(shù)G6164需的補(bǔ)償容量G4570G16213G11468應(yīng)的G3698加。G1186降低線損需求G7481G11842定補(bǔ)償容量線損是電網(wǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的G980G20045G18337G16213G6363標(biāo)，在網(wǎng)G13488參數(shù)G980定的條件G991，G1866G994通過(guò)導(dǎo)線的電G8981平G7053成G8503G8616。如G16786補(bǔ)償G2081電力網(wǎng)的電G8981G10381I，G1866G1025有、無(wú)功分量G1038RI1和LXI，G2029G726XRJIII111G5347G708G21G17G23G709G14521補(bǔ)償G2530，電力網(wǎng)的電G8981G10382I，G1866G1025有、無(wú)功分量G1038RI2和XI2，G2029XRJIII222G5347G708G21G17G24G709補(bǔ)償G2081的線路損耗G1038G726RIRIPR211211COS/33G5347G708G21G17G25G709補(bǔ)償G2530的線路損耗G1038G726RIRIPR222222COS/33G5347G708G21G17G26G709G2029補(bǔ)償G2530線損降低的G11346分G1552G1038G726121/100PPPPAG5347G708G21G17G27G709G11013于在補(bǔ)償G2081G2530，電G8981的有功分量不變，G6937有G726RRII21G5347G708G21G17G28G709綜合G5347G708G21G17G25G709、G708G21G17G26G709、G708G21G17G28G709可G4570G708G21G17G27G709化減G1038G726100COS/COS1221APG5347G708G21G17G20G19G709G6937在G11004G8504G7053G8873G11842定補(bǔ)償容量時(shí)，G20330G1820根據(jù)G16213G4570的線損G6363標(biāo)和1COS，G11013G5347G708G21G17G27G709、G708G21G17G20G19G709G16757G12651G19982COS，G9994G2530代入G5347G708G21G17G21G709G2375可G5483G2052G16213補(bǔ)償?shù)娜萘?。G313G1186提高運(yùn)行電壓G16213求G7481G11842定補(bǔ)償容量在G980些G18337G17139G14667、G13466導(dǎo)線的配電線路末端，G1866運(yùn)行電壓G17751低，G6937需G16213加裝補(bǔ)償電容器，以提高G1866運(yùn)行電壓。G17837就G1147G10995了G6365提高電壓的G16213求，G17885著多大的補(bǔ)償電容是合理的G19394G20076。G8504外，在網(wǎng)G13488電壓G8503G5132的線路G1025，裝G16786補(bǔ)償電容時(shí)，網(wǎng)G13488電壓的G2331壓不G14033越G19492，G1038了滿足G17837G980約束條件，也必須求G1998零補(bǔ)償容量和電壓G3698量G1055間的G1863系。補(bǔ)償G1055G2081，網(wǎng)G13488電壓G15932示如G991G726221/UQXPRUUG5347G708G21G17G20G20G709補(bǔ)償G1055G2530，電源電壓1U不變，G8609線電壓G2331G10383U，G2029網(wǎng)G13488電壓G15932示如G991G726A207A208A209A210A211A2122A213A214A215A216A217A218A219A220A221A2226331/UXQQPRUUCG5347G708G21G17G20G21G709G2029補(bǔ)償G2530電壓G3698量G1038G726323/UXQUUUCG6164以需G16213補(bǔ)償?shù)娜萘縂1038G726XUUQC/3G5347G708G21G17G203G709G5347G1025G7263UG726投入電容G2530G8609線電壓G1552UG726投入電壓G2530G8609線電壓G3698量G2029三G11468G6164需總?cè)萘縂726XUUXUUQQLLLLCC3313333G5347G708G21G17G20G23G709G5347G1025LUG726線電壓G3698量LU3G726線電壓G6937在G11004G8504G6363標(biāo)G7481G16757G12651補(bǔ)償容量時(shí)G2494需知道了補(bǔ)償G2530的電壓和電壓G3698量就可G16757G12651補(bǔ)償容量。G314無(wú)功補(bǔ)償G7053G7708配電網(wǎng)合理的無(wú)功補(bǔ)償G7053G5347，G14033G3827有效地維持系統(tǒng)電壓G8712平，降低網(wǎng)G13488損耗，提高網(wǎng)G13488G17767送容量，減少發(fā)電G17165G11004。本節(jié)G4570對(duì)配電系統(tǒng)G23G12193補(bǔ)償G7053G7708G17839行G6228G7427G8616G17751，G11004G6155在G1363G11004時(shí)應(yīng)根據(jù)配電網(wǎng)實(shí)際G5785G1929合理的G17885G6333補(bǔ)償G7053G7708A223A224A225。G20G709變電站集G1025補(bǔ)償對(duì)于具有線路G17751短、G17139G14667G17751集G1025、G17139載率G17751高，并以G5049業(yè)G17139G14667G1038G1039的變電站，G980G14336G17839符站內(nèi)集G1025補(bǔ)償。G17837G7691可以做G2052G6365無(wú)功需求就地G17839行平衡，G2375變電站的無(wú)功補(bǔ)償容量可G6365照滿足G1039變壓器的G2181G11925無(wú)功和漏G6251無(wú)功損耗的G16213求G17839行G11842定，G17837G7691以減少G17767電線路G17767送無(wú)功功率引G17227的有功損耗。G11004G8504G12193G7053G7708G17839行補(bǔ)償時(shí)，裝置G980G14336安裝在變電站LG19KG57G8609線上，具有G12661理容易、維G6264G7053G1427G12573優(yōu)點(diǎn)，G1306是對(duì)降低配電網(wǎng)G13488損耗G6164G17227的作G11004G8616G17751G4579。G21G709低壓集G1025補(bǔ)償?shù)蛪杭疓1025補(bǔ)償是G6363在配電變壓器3G27G19G57側(cè)G17839行集G1025補(bǔ)償，G2045G11004微G7438控制的低壓并聯(lián)電容器柜，容量在幾十G14279幾G11346千G8873不G12573，根據(jù)G11004G6155G17139G14667G8712平的G8886動(dòng)投入G11468應(yīng)容量的電容器G17839行跟蹤補(bǔ)償。G8504G12193補(bǔ)償G7053G7708可以提高專G11004變壓器G11004G6155的功率G3252數(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)功的就地平衡，有G2173于降低配電網(wǎng)和配電變壓器的損耗和保證G11004G6155的電G14033質(zhì)量。3G709桿上補(bǔ)償G7053G5347G8504G12193補(bǔ)償G7053G7708是G6363在LG19KG57架空線路的桿上安裝G6155外并聯(lián)電容器G17839行無(wú)功補(bǔ)償A226A227A228A229A230A2312A232A233A234A235A236A237A238A239A240A2417以G17810G2052提高配電網(wǎng)功率G3252數(shù)，G17810G2052降損G2331壓的目的。G11013于在配電網(wǎng)G1025存在大量的G1856G11004變壓器G8821有G17839行低壓補(bǔ)償，G11013G8504造成很大的無(wú)功缺口，G17837些需G16213變電站和發(fā)電廠G7481填補(bǔ)，G2528時(shí)大量的無(wú)功沿線傳G17767也造成電G14033大量損耗。G3252G8504G1038了提高效益和降低網(wǎng)G13488損耗，G18331G11004G8504G12193G7053G7708G17839行無(wú)功補(bǔ)償是完G1852必G16213的。G3252G1038G8504G12193補(bǔ)償G7053G7708是在G6155外G17840離變電站的桿上G17839行，G3252G8504容易G1998現(xiàn)保G6264不易配置、控制成本高、維G6264量大，G2475安裝環(huán)境和空間G12573客觀條件G19492制G12573G5049程G19394G20076，G6164以G17839行桿上無(wú)功補(bǔ)償時(shí)必須G13479合實(shí)際G5785G1929G17839行合理的G16786G16757。G8504G12193補(bǔ)償G7053G7708G1039G16213是針對(duì)LG19KG57饋線上沿線的G1856G11004變壓器G6164需無(wú)功G17839行補(bǔ)償?shù)?，具有投資少、回G6922G5567、補(bǔ)償效率高G12573優(yōu)點(diǎn)，G5203G8879的G11004于功率G3252數(shù)G17751低且G17139G14667G17751G18337的G19283配電線路。G23G709G11004G6155終端分散補(bǔ)償G7053G5347G11004G6155終端分散補(bǔ)償G7053G5347是G6363對(duì)于G980些容量G17751大、G17139G14667平穩(wěn)且經(jīng)G5132G1363G11004的G11004電G16786備無(wú)功G17139G14667G17839行就地隨G7438的補(bǔ)償。在國(guó)內(nèi)低壓G11004G6155的G11004電量大幅G3698G19283，企業(yè)、廠礦和G4579區(qū)G12573對(duì)無(wú)功需求G18129很大，直接對(duì)G11004G6155末端G17839行就地隨G7438的無(wú)功補(bǔ)償，可以降低網(wǎng)G13488損耗和維G6264網(wǎng)G13488電壓G8712平。G8504G12193補(bǔ)償G7053G7708G1039G16213針對(duì)企業(yè)和廠礦G1025的電動(dòng)G7438和G980些G4579區(qū)G11004G6155終端。22傳統(tǒng)補(bǔ)償控制判據(jù)介紹功率G3252數(shù)控制判據(jù)A242A243A244G6365功率G3252數(shù)大G4579G17839行補(bǔ)償是電網(wǎng)G17839行無(wú)功控制的傳統(tǒng)G7053G8873G1055G980，G4439是以功率G3252數(shù)作G1038控制信號(hào)G7481控制并聯(lián)電容器的投切動(dòng)作。G9994G13792功率G3252數(shù)是無(wú)功G994總功的G8616G1552，不G14033G3827具G1319的G2465映電網(wǎng)對(duì)無(wú)功功率的需求量。G5415G17139G14667G17751輕時(shí)，功率G3252數(shù)可G14033G17751低，G1306G8504時(shí)無(wú)功的缺G20081并不是很大，G17751G4579的無(wú)功功率的變化就會(huì)引G17227功率G3252數(shù)G17751大的變化，G3252G8504會(huì)存在動(dòng)作頻繁的G19394G20076，嚴(yán)G18337時(shí)G10990G14279造成投切振蕩。G5415G17139G14667G17751G18337時(shí)，功率G3252數(shù)可G14033不會(huì)太低，G1306G8504時(shí)無(wú)功缺G20081G8616G17751的大，G3252G8504造成無(wú)功不G14033G2462時(shí)的補(bǔ)償。G6164以G6365功率G3252數(shù)G17839行無(wú)功補(bǔ)償控制時(shí)，G11013于G1866不G14033具G1319的G2465映電網(wǎng)對(duì)無(wú)功的需求，存在電網(wǎng)對(duì)無(wú)功的過(guò)補(bǔ)和不G14033G2462時(shí)補(bǔ)償?shù)腉13479G7536G5785G1929。G8609線電壓控制判據(jù)G1866G2419理是透過(guò)檢測(cè)G8609線電壓決定電容器的投切，在G2045G11004G8504G12193判據(jù)時(shí)G16213G13783G15397電容器投切對(duì)電網(wǎng)電壓的G5445G2721，否G2029會(huì)造成頻繁投切現(xiàn)象。在電網(wǎng)G1025有功功率G8886動(dòng)G980G14336對(duì)電網(wǎng)電壓G5445G2721G17751G4579，電壓的G8886動(dòng)G1039G16213是G11013于無(wú)功功率G8886動(dòng)引G17227的。據(jù)G8504，G7588些對(duì)電壓G16213求嚴(yán)格的樞紐變電站，G1177以G8609線電壓高低作G1038變電站無(wú)功自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)的判據(jù)，G13792未G13783G15397保持無(wú)功平衡的G2419G2029。G17837G12193控制策略G8616G17751G12628單，G7481G13783G15397無(wú)功電力的消耗，G3252G8504難以作G2052無(wú)功功率的就地平衡。A226A227A228A229A230A2312A232A233A234A235A236A237A238A239A240A2418G313G8609線電壓G2462G1866晝夜時(shí)間復(fù)合控制判據(jù)G1866G2419理就是根據(jù)變電站的日G17139G14667運(yùn)行G7366線，G4570日G17139G14667劃分G1038多G1022G17139G14667時(shí)G8585，根據(jù)不G2528G17139G14667時(shí)G8585對(duì)電壓和無(wú)功的G16213求，編制合適的運(yùn)行程序，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)變壓器分接頭的調(diào)節(jié)和對(duì)并聯(lián)電容器投切控制。G17837G12193控制策略的優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于G726G2520G1022控制G16786備的動(dòng)作次數(shù)可控，不需G16213專門(mén)的模擬測(cè)量G17731G11840件G5332銷。G1866缺點(diǎn)在于G726G17837G12193控制G6175G8585G2494適合于日G17139G14667規(guī)律G8616G17751穩(wěn)定的變電站，且必須隨季節(jié)和G17139G14667量的改變，對(duì)時(shí)G8585的G8609線電壓和無(wú)功功率補(bǔ)償G1552G17839行調(diào)G6984。G5415G11013于季節(jié)和天G8680G3252素造成G17139G14667隨G7438變G6454時(shí)，G17836可G14033G1998現(xiàn)控制不G5415，導(dǎo)致G17139G19766G5445G2721。G314G8609線電壓G2462G1866功率G3252素復(fù)合控制判據(jù)G1866G2419理是通過(guò)檢測(cè)變壓器G980次側(cè)功率G3252數(shù)和G8609線電壓，綜合分析判斷G2530決定對(duì)變壓器分接頭和并聯(lián)電容器的調(diào)節(jié)。G8504G12193控制策略有G1016G12193判別G7053G5347G726G980是以G8609線電壓G1038G1039，功率G3252數(shù)G1038G17753。G2375G2494G16213電壓合格就不G13783G15397功率G3252數(shù)，G5415G8609線電壓不合格時(shí)，根據(jù)G8609線電壓和功率G3252數(shù)的G5627質(zhì)綜合判斷做G1998調(diào)節(jié)動(dòng)作。另G980G12193是G8609線電壓和功率G3252