賓語補(bǔ)足語講解及練習(xí)

1、賓語補(bǔ)足語講解 一、定義： 賓語補(bǔ)足語通常緊跟在賓語之后，對(duì)賓語進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明。 二、句子結(jié)構(gòu)是： 主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ) 三、兩種結(jié)構(gòu)： 1.主表型： 1) make our country beautiful (adjective) 2) call him Lao Li (noun) 3) find sb. out (adv.) 4) find sb. at home (Prep. phrase) 2. 主謂型： 1) ask sb. to do sth.（有to 不定式） 2) have sb. do sth. （無to 不定式） 3) see sb. doing sth. （現(xiàn)在分詞） 4)

2、have sth. done. （過去分詞） 四、什么動(dòng)詞后可有賓語補(bǔ)足語： 1. 在表示心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語。這類動(dòng)詞有：consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等。這類動(dòng)詞后的不定式通常是to be+形容詞或名詞結(jié)構(gòu)，think, consider, find后的to be?？墒÷浴e consider him (to be) a good teacher. 我們認(rèn)為他是一個(gè)好老師。He proved that theory (to be) very important. 他證

3、明那個(gè)理論是很重要的。I thought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I met her.我第一次見到她的時(shí)候就認(rèn)為她人很好，很誠實(shí)。 2. 在表示情感狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語。這類動(dòng)詞有：love, like, prefer, hate, want, wish, expect等。Id prefer you to leave him alone. 我希望你不要打擾他。I dont want there to be any trouble. 我不想有任何麻煩。 3. 注意：hope, demand, suggest等動(dòng)詞后面不能接不定式作

4、賓語補(bǔ)足語。 I hope you can give me a hand. 我希望你能幫我一把。 I wish you to give me a hand. 我希望你能幫我一把。 He required us to be present at the meeting. 他要求我們出席會(huì)議。 Mr Li suggested that she should not go there alone. 李先生建議她不要獨(dú)自去那里。 五、可作賓語補(bǔ)足語的形式有： 不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞，名詞，形容，副詞，介詞短語都能作補(bǔ)語。 六、具體說明： （一）副詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語 I found him in yes

5、terday. （二）常接形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有：keep, make, find等。 如：We must keep our classroom clean. （三）常接名詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有：call, name, make, think等。 如：We call them mooncakes. （四）常接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有：see, watch, hear, find, keep等。 如：In the country, we can hear birds singing. （五）常接介詞短語作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有：keep, find, leave等。如：I left

6、my pen on my desk at home. （六）不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語 1. 常接帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有：ask, tell, want, teach, wish等； 2. 接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有：see, watch, hear, make, let advise, allow, ask, beg, command, tell, invite, force, oblige, get, help, encourage, persuade, permit, remind, request, order, warn, cause等。 如： I often

7、 see him play football. She often asks me to help her. We dont allow such things to happen again. Most of the parents agree to forbid their children to smoke. She asked me to answer the phone in her absence. Please remind me to leave her this note. She requested him to go with her. 3. 用不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的幾種說

8、明： help后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞不定式可以帶to也可以不帶to。 如：I often help my mother(to) do some housework. 在使役動(dòng)詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語，不定式不帶to。有些動(dòng)詞跟不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)省去了to，這些動(dòng)詞有：一感二聽三讓四觀看。 一感：feel 二聽：hear, listen to 三讓：let, have, make 四觀看：observe, see, watch, look at 這類動(dòng)詞有：make, let, have等。轉(zhuǎn)為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，其后通常都用帶to的不定式 (have沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài))。What would you have m

9、e do? 你要我做什么？She made him give up smoking. 她讓他戒了煙。Let him do whatever he wishes to do. 他想干什么就讓他干吧。Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little sister.雖然經(jīng)常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他卻被小妹妹弄哭了 3. 掌握“使役動(dòng)詞 have + 賓語過去分詞”的幾種含義 在“ have 賓語過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語， have 也可用 get 。這一結(jié)構(gòu)具有以

10、下幾種含義： 意為“主語請(qǐng)別人做某事”。例如： He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow. 他明天想去檢查眼睛。（“檢查”的動(dòng)作由醫(yī)生來進(jìn)行） 意為“主語遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不測(cè)的事情”。例如： Be careful, or youll have your hands hurt. 當(dāng)心，否則會(huì)弄傷手的。 意為“使完成某事”，事情既可以是別人做完，也可以由主語參與完成。 例如： He had the walls painted this morning. 他今早把墻漆了。 （主語自己可能參與） 動(dòng)詞不定式也可作一些短語動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語。 Im wa

11、iting for James to arrive. 我正等著詹姆斯的到來。 Hes arranged for a car to pick them up at the station. 他已安排了一輛汽車去車站接他們。 The UN has called on both sides to observe the cease fire. 聯(lián)合國號(hào)召交戰(zhàn)雙方遵守?；饏f(xié)定。 （七）分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語 用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)，說明賓語是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，形成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系；用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，表示賓語是動(dòng)作的承受者，構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。 1. 跟分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：catch, have get, keep,

12、 hear, find, feel, leave, make, want, start, notice, observe, watch, set等。例如： There was so much noise that the speaker couldnt make himself heard. 由于十分吵鬧，講話人沒法讓人聽到他的聲音。 When he awoke, he found himself being looked after by an old woman. 他醒來的時(shí)候發(fā)現(xiàn)一位老大娘正在照顧他。 2. 幾種用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的情況說明： 表示“意欲；命令”的動(dòng)詞如 like,

13、want, wish, order 等，可用過去分詞 作賓語補(bǔ)足語。例如： The father wants his daughter taught the piano. 這位父親想讓女兒學(xué)鋼琴。 感官動(dòng)詞 see, hear, notice, observe, watch, feel, find 等后，可用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。例如： I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now. 剛才我看到一位老人被車撞倒了。 使役動(dòng)詞 have, get, make, leave, keep 等后，可用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。例如： Have you go

14、t your films developed? 你拿膠卷去沖洗了沒有？ “ with 賓語過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞用作介詞 with 的賓語補(bǔ)足語。這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時(shí)間、方式、條件、原因等狀語。例如： The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 兇手被帶進(jìn)來了，他的雙手被綁在背后。（表方式） With water heated, we can see the steam. 水一被加熱，我們就會(huì)看到水蒸氣。（表?xiàng)l件） With the matter settled, we all went home.

15、事情得到解決，我們都回家了。（表原因）賓語補(bǔ)足語練習(xí)題1. The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see the next year.(NMET2000) A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out2. -Theres a hole in your bag. - I know, Im going to have it _.A. mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended3. Though he had oft

16、en made his little sister _, today he was made _ by his little sister.A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry4. They would not allow him _ across the enemy line.A. to risk going B. risking to go C. for risk to go D. risk going5. I found the door _ when I got home.A. opened B. clo

17、se C. unlocking D. open6. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _.A. not to B. not to do C. not do D. do not to7. I couldnt do my homework with all that noise_.A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on8. With a lot of difficult problems_, the newly-elected pre

18、sident is having a hard time.A. settledB. settlingC. to settleD. being settled9. I advised _ at once. A. him to starting B. him to start C. to starting D. to start 10. When I put my hand on his chest, I could feel his heart still _.A. beat B. to be beating C. beating D. was beating11. You had better

19、 get a doctor _ your bad tooth.A. pull out B. to pull out C. pulled out D. pulling out12. He managed to make himself with his_ English.A. understand; breaking B. understand; broken B. C. understood; breaking D. understood; broken13. The doctor asked him not to leave his wound _.A. expose B. exposed

20、C. to expose D. exposing14. They are going to have the service man _ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.A. install B. to install C. to be installed D. installed 15. After a few rounds of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute _.A. being settled B. to be settled C. had settled D. as set

21、tled 16. You will see this product _ wherever you go.A. to be advertised B. advertised C. advertise D. advertising 17. His remarks left me _ about his real purpose.A. wondered B. wonder C. to wonder D. wondering 18. When I caught him _ me I stopped buying things there and started dealing with anothe

22、r shop.A. cheating B. cheat C. to cheat D. to be cheating 19. Though he had often made his little sister _, today he was made _ by his little sister.A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry20. Did you intend us _ the new method? A. using B. to use C. using D. are using 21. The tea

23、cher encouraged us _ good compositions. A. Writing B. written C. to write D. is writing 22. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to23. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _went w

24、rong again.A .it B. it repaired C .repaired D. to be repaired24. With a lot of difficult problems_, the newlyelected president is having a hard time.A .settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled25. With trees, flowers and grass_ everywhere, my native town had taken on a new look.A. planting B

25、. planted C. to plant D .to be planted26. She was glad to see her child well_ care of.A. take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking27. The result of the entrance exams was not made _to the public until last Thursday.A. knowing B. known C. to know D. to be known28. I can make you _what I say, but you can

26、t make yourself _ in English.A. understand; understand B .understand, understoodC to understand, understand D. understand; to be understood29. He found them _ at a table_.A. sat; to play chess B. sitting; to play chess C. seated; playing chess D. seat; play the chess30. John rushed out in a hurry, _

27、 the door_.A. leaving; unlocked B. leaving; unlocking C. left; unlocked D. to leave; unlocking31. We are pleased to see the problem_ so quickly.A. settled B. settling C. be settled D. having been settled32. I could feel the wind _on my face from an open window.A .to blow B .blowing C. to be blowing

28、D .blown33. _ production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year.A. AsB. For C. WithD. Through34. _ everything _ , she left the supermarket with satisfaction.A. As, buying B. For, to buy C. With, bought D .Because, to buy35. Dont leave the water _ while you brush your teeth. (天津2004)A.

29、run B. running C. being run D. to run36. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting37. Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents _. (重慶 2004)A. worriedB. to worry C. worrying

30、 D. worry38. The teacher asked us _ so much noise. (北京2003)A. dont makeB. not make C. not makingD. not to make39. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _ clear warnings before firing any shots. (上海2003)A. to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued40.Good m

31、orning. Can I help you? Id like to have this package _ ,Madame.A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed41. Father will not _us to use his recorders. A. have B. let C .agree D. allow42. John was made _the truck for a week as punishment. A .to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing43. T

32、he missing boys were last seen _ near the river.A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play44. Paul doesnt have to be made _ .He always works hard.A. learn B. to learn C .learned D. learning45. Seeing the sun _ above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.A. to rise B. to raise C. risi

33、ng D .raising46. I was disappointed to find his suggestions _ .A been turned down B. turned down C. to be turned down D. to turn down47. The patient was warned _oily food after the operation.A. to eat to B. eating not C .not to eat D not eating48. The speaker raised her voice but still couldnt make

34、herself _.A. hear B. hearing C. to hear D. heard49. If you go to Xian, youll find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly _. A. supposing B. to suppose C. supposed D. suppose50. Its so cold today, we must keep the fire _.A. to burn B. burning C. burn D. burnt51. The mother was asked _ let h

35、er children _ TV every evening;A. not to; watch B. not to; to watch C. not; watch D. not; watching52. They didnt observe her _ in and go upstairs.A. come B. came C. to come D. coming53. How about the two of us _ a walk down the garden? (MET93 17) A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking 54. I have had my bike , and Im going