高中英語 每日一題（第07周）每周一測試題（含解析）新人教版選修6

1、每周一測. 閱讀理解AAs Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly complicated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.Russell ar

2、gues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, it s necessary to translate our morals into AI language.For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn t want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot preloaded with a go

3、od set of values,” said Russell.Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your p

4、ersonal space, you wouldn t think that s the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of d

5、ata on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to do sufficient testing and they ve produced a system that will break some kind of taboo(禁忌).One simple check would be to program a robot t

6、o check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity to stop, send out beeps(嘟嘟聲), and ask for directions from a human. If we humans aren t quite sure about a decision

7、, we go and ask somebody else.The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral, and how to create a set of ethical (種族的)rules. But if we come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity.1. What does the author say about the threat of robots?A.

8、It may constitute a challenge to computer programmers.B. It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.C. It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.D. It has become an inevitable(不可避免的) danger as technology gets more complicated.2. How do robots learn human values

9、?A. By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.B. By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.C. By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.D. By imitating the behavior of property brought-up human beings.3. What will a well-programmed robot do when facing a

10、n unusual situation?A. Keep a distance from possible dangers.B. Stop to seek advice from a human being.C. Set off its built-in alarm system at once.D. Do sufficient testing before taking action.4. What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code?A. Determine what is mo

11、ral and ethical.B. Design some large-scale experiments.C. Set rules for man-machine interaction.D. Develop a more sophisticated program.BWhy do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect do

12、es your personality have on your longevity(長壽)?Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.The study

13、shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic (神經(jīng)質(zhì)的) than other people. Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic(同情的) and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evoluti

14、onary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-

15、disciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of

16、a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mother s personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28,000 Norwegian mo

17、thers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we re adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.Personality isn t destiny(命運(yùn)), and ever

18、yone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn t just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.5. The aim of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is_ _.A.to see whether people s personality affects their life spanB.t

19、o find out if one s lifestyle has any effect on their healthC.to investigate the role of exercise in living a long lifeD.to examine all the factors contributing to longevity6. What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people?A. They have a good understanding of evolution.B. They are

20、better at negotiating an agreement.C. They generally appear more resourceful.D. They are more likely to get over hardship.7. What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show?A. Children s personality characteristics are invariably(總是) determined by their mothers.B. People with unhealthy eating h

21、abits are likely to die sooner.C. Mothers influence on children may last longer than fathers .D. Mothers negative personality characteristics may affect their children s life spans.8. What can we learn from the findings of the two new studies?A. Anxiety and depression more often than not cut short o

22、ne s life span.B. Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health.C. Personality plays a decisive role in how healthy one is.D. Health is in large part related to one s lifestyle. 完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。When I was very young, we used to live in Florida. It

23、 s a place I will never1. These were the happiest days of my life, and I loved driving down one of Florida s highways to feel the2whistle through my hair. One day, we went down a highway, but3nobody else appeared to be there. Well, maybe not any humans,4an animal was there. It was laying in the cent

24、er of the5, blood red, and seemed to be6: it was hit by a car.Quickly my mother7it into the parking space (this highway had those) while I8in our car. My goodness, I heard her say. It s a turtle（龜）, and it s9alive! We had an empty bin in the10, and some water and blankets from the supermarket, so my

25、 mother11the bin with water, picked the turtle up, and put it in the water, then put the12over it. We drove it home and I, eyes wide, watched the bloody turtle13in the bin. It was alive, but its shell was14. We fed him with vegetables and kept him in a cool area.My mom, a very talented lady with cla

26、y, made an artificial15for him, and we turned him over and she wrote, Be free, and live a16life. We healed him up, and drove to the nearest17, where lots of annoying bugs were living. Together we18him into the water and he swam away quickly. 19he did so, I could have sworn he20at us.1. A. returnB. f

27、orgetC. rememberD. miss2. A. rainB. sunlightC. snowD. wind3. A. strangelyB. nervouslyC. exactlyD. carefully4. A. orB. butC. forD. so5. A. streetB. groundC. roadD. surface6. A. deadB. aliveC. fineD. awake7. A. caughtB. heldC. knockedD. pulled8. A. hidB. stayedC. droveD. feared9. A. everB. yetC. still

28、D. even10. A. backB. homeC. centerD. front11. A. washedB. cleanedC. coveredD. filled12. A. blanketB. paperC. binD. water13. A. playingB. sleepingC. floatingD. struggling14. A. squeezed outB. upside downC. taken apartD. torn off15. A. boxB. shellC. topD. toy16. A. difficultB. realC. wonderfulD. succe

29、ssful17. A. lakeB. forestC. mountainD. field18. A. threwB. forcedC. placedD. led19. A. SinceB. AsC. IfD. Although20. A. shoutedB. staredC. pointedD. smiled. 七選五型閱讀理解根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Most of us lead a busy life. 1We think, “If I reached my goal, then I would be happy”, or “If

30、I could get a better job, then I would enjoy life.” But why not enjoy life right now?Firstly, take time to notice and appreciate the beauty in your own surroundings. 2“There is a great big world of wonder and beauty around us!” And as Brodersen explains, “Look for the beauty of the sunrise and of a

31、friend s smile that brightens your day. Open your eyes to see the beauty you might not normally see. Doing so helps to cheer you up.”Secondly, taking time to experience some simple pleasures also can bring joy to your heart and ease your stress. Take me for example. 3One universal simple pleasure is

32、 finding things that make you laugh. Make time to laugh every day.Thirdly, don t take your family and friends for granted. Rich, rewarding relationships add greatly to the enjoyment of life. When you think of someone, why not call, e-mail or write them? 4As Wayne Lawton explains, “Invest time in rel

33、ationships. Remove the attitude, what s in it for me? Happiness is found in putting other s interests, desires and concerns ahead of our own whenever possible. Selfishness is a dead-end street.” 5A. A short e-mail or phone call can make a world of difference to someone.B. Driven by the “urgent”, we

34、forget to enjoy life.C. In my spare time, I enjoy collecting stamps and reading novels.D. So please treasure relationship.E. Be aware of beauty in nature.F. You don t need to travel far to find beauty.G. I delight in simple things like my favorite tea drink, a bubble bath or family photos. 短文改錯假定英語課

35、上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號()，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。 修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1. 每處錯誤及其修改均限一詞；2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。I m glad to hear that you were visiting FuJian for your holiday. I am writing to tell you thatsomething about

36、Wu Yi Mountain. Locate in the northwest of FuJian Province, it is a wonderful tourist attraction. The weather there is mild on summer. What s more importantly is that it is famous as a holy tourist site. Not only can I appreciate the impressive scenery, but you can also learn many about the culture

37、of it. It also has a large number of fantastic Chinese building.There is no doubt whether a trip to Wu Yi Mountain will be truly unforgettable experience. I wish you a nice trip!. 書面表達(dá)假如你是李華，正在一所美國學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)英文。你對學(xué)校的周末音樂俱樂部(Music Club at Weekend)很感興趣，決定申請加入?，F(xiàn)給該俱樂部負(fù)責(zé)人寫一封信，內(nèi)容如下：1. 表示有意加入；2. 介紹音樂特長；3. 說明性格優(yōu)勢；

38、4. 期待答復(fù)。注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右；2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3. 開頭和結(jié)束語已寫好，不計入總次數(shù)。Dear Sir/Madam,Im Hua, a Chinese student taking the English course at our school. _ _ Yours,Li Hua. 閱讀理解A【語篇解讀】隨著人工智能（AI）變得越來越復(fù)雜，人們會越來越擔(dān)心機(jī)器人會成為威脅。我們該如何讓機(jī)器人為人類服務(wù)的同時，還要遵守特定的道德準(zhǔn)則呢？1. C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“This danger can be avoided, according t

39、o computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.”可知，根據(jù)計算機(jī)科學(xué)教授Stuart Russell的說法，如果我們想辦法把人類的價值變成可編程的代碼，這種危險是可以避免的。故選C。3. B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中“If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity

40、to stop, send out beeps(嘟嘟聲), and ask for directions from a human.”可知，如果機(jī)器人不確定某件事情是否該做，它會停下來向人類尋求幫助。故選B。4. A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral, and how to create a set of ethical (種族的)rules.”可知，在編程價值觀中最困難的一步是如何確定什么是道德，而

41、種族規(guī)則又是什么。故選A。B【語篇解讀】研究表明長壽不僅僅是身體健康問題，也是心理健康問題。而且，母親的性格也決定孩子是否能夠長壽。5. A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“But what effect does your personality have on your longevity(長壽)?Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by exam

42、ining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.”可知，針對“性格對一個人的壽命有什么影響，某些類型的性格會讓人更長壽嗎”這問題，美國老年病學(xué)會雜志進(jìn)行了一項新研究通來審視這個問題。故選A。6. D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic (神經(jīng)質(zhì)的) than oth

43、er people. Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic(同情的) and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it

44、through tough times.”可知，外向、富有同情心的人會能更好地度過艱難時期，更長壽。故選D。8. B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Personality isnt destiny(命運(yùn)), and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isnt just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.”可知，長壽不僅僅是身體健康問題，也是心理健康問題。故選B。

45、. 完形填空【語篇解讀】作者在高速路上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只被汽車撞傷的烏龜。媽媽把烏龜帶回家，精心照料，還為它做了一只殼。烏龜身體恢復(fù)了之后，作者和媽媽到湖里放生了烏龜。1. B考查動詞。根據(jù)后面的“These were the happiest days of my life, and I loved driving down one of Floridas highways to feel the whistle through my hair.”可知，這是個令作者難忘的地方。A. return歸還；返回；B. forget忘記；C. remember記起；D. miss錯過；想念。故選B。2. D

46、考查名詞。此處指“我”喜歡開車經(jīng)過佛羅里達(dá)州的高速公路，感覺到風(fēng)吹過“我”的頭發(fā)。A. rain雨；B. sunlight陽光；C. snow雪；D. wind風(fēng)。故選D。3. A考查副詞。很奇怪，那天，路上沒有其他人。A. strangely奇怪地；B. nervously緊張地；C. exactly恰好地；正是；D. carefully仔細(xì)地。故選A。4. B考查連詞（固定搭配）。此處運(yùn)用了“not but”句式，是“不是而是”的意思。A. or或者；還是；B. but但是；而是；C. for因為；D. so因此。故選B。5. C考查名詞。根據(jù)前面的“One day, we went do

47、wn a highway,”可知，作者在公路上行駛。根據(jù)下文可知，一只烏龜受傷躺在路中央。A street街道；B. ground地面；C. road公路，馬路；道路；D. surface表面。故選C。6. A考查形容詞。根據(jù)上下文可知，烏龜受傷，如同死了一般。A. dead死的；B. alive活著的；活潑的；C. fine好的；D. awake醒著的。故選A。7. D考查動詞。很快，媽媽把它拖進(jìn)了停車場。A. caught趕上；抓住；感染；B. held持有；擁有；保存；C. knocked敲；D. pulled拉；拽。故選D。8. B考查動詞。作者當(dāng)時還呆在車?yán)?。A. hid躲藏；B.

48、stayed留；保持；C. drove駕駛；促使；D. feared害怕。故選B。11. D考查動詞。媽媽把容器里裝滿了水。A. washed洗；B. cleaned打掃；清掃；C. covered蓋上；涉及；采訪；D. filled充滿。故選D。12. A考查名詞。根據(jù)上文“and some water and blankets from the supermarket,”，媽媽用毯子把容器蓋上。A. blanket毛毯，毯子；B. paper紙；文件；C. bin箱子，容器；D. water水。故選A。13. C考查動詞?！拔摇北牬笱劬Γ粗餮臑觚斣谒嫔掀?。A. playing玩；

49、表演；B. sleeping睡覺；C. floating浮動；飄動，散播；D. struggling拼搏；掙扎。故選C。14. D考查動詞短語。句意：它仍然活著，但是殼已經(jīng)被扯掉。A. squeezed out擠出；B. upside down上下顛倒；C. taken apart拆開；D. torn off撕下；扯掉。故選D。15. B考查名詞。根據(jù)上下文可知，媽媽為烏龜做了一只殼。A box箱子；B. shell貝殼；架子；C. top頂端；D. toy玩具。故選B。18. C考查動詞?！拔覀儭币黄鸢褳觚敺湃胨?。A. threw扔掉；B. forced強(qiáng)迫；C. placed放置；D.

50、led領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；帶路。故選C。19. B考查連詞。句意：當(dāng)他快速游走的時候，我可以發(fā)誓他在向我們微笑。A. Since自從；既然；B. As當(dāng)時候；因為；盡管；按照；C. If如果；D. Although盡管。故選B。20. D考查動詞。句意：當(dāng)他快速游走的時候，我可以發(fā)誓他在向我們微笑。A. shouted大喊；B. stared盯著看；C. pointed指；D. smiled微笑。故選D。. 七選五型閱讀理解【語篇解讀】這篇文章講述了現(xiàn)在很多人都忙于生活，這樣并不快樂，忘記了享受生活。我們要學(xué)會從簡單的事情中獲得快樂，并且注意人際關(guān)系等方面。1. B【解析】根據(jù)上一句“Most of us

51、lead a busy life.”說明很多人都忙于生活，故B項“Driven by the “urgent”, we forget to enjoy life.”我們忙于瑣事，卻忘記了享受生活，符合上下文的串聯(lián)，故選B。2. F【解析】根據(jù)下句“There is a great big world of wonder and beauty around us!”說明在我們的身邊就有很多美麗的風(fēng)景，故“you dont need to travel far to find beauty.”符合語境，選F。3. G【解析】根據(jù)上一句“taking time to experience some simple pleasures also can bring joy to your heart and ease your stress.”說明要從簡單的事情中得到快樂，選G。4. A【解析】根據(jù)上一句“When you think of someone, why not call, e-mail or write them?”說明有時候電