可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的講解和練習(xí)

1、博科第五次培訓(xùn)姓名:時(shí)間:家長簽名:可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞英語中的名詞指的是一種抽象的或者具體的事物，它有可數(shù)和不可數(shù)之分。所謂可數(shù)名詞指的就是在數(shù)量上可以計(jì)數(shù)，可以數(shù)出數(shù)量的事物；所謂不可數(shù)名詞是指不能以數(shù)目來計(jì)算，不可以分成個(gè)體的概念、狀態(tài)、品質(zhì)、感情或表示物質(zhì)材料的東西?？蓴?shù)名詞在他之前可以加上冠詞a/an。而不可數(shù)名詞前面是不可以直接家冠詞的?？蓴?shù)名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式有如下變化規(guī)律：a. 般情況下，直接加 -S，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ;讀音：清輔音后 讀S，濁輔音和元音后讀z。b. 以 s. X. sh. ch結(jié)尾，力口-es，

2、如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ;讀音: iz。c. 以讀音：d. 以e. 以1）2）f.輔音字母 +y結(jié)尾，變 y 為 i, 再力口 -es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries z?；騠e ”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為“o結(jié)尾的詞，分兩種情況 有生命的+es讀音：z 無生命的+s讀音：zV,再力口-es，如：knife-knives , thief-thieves ;讀音：z。man go-ma ngoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes p hoto-

3、p hotos man-men, sno wma n-sno wme n,如:如:radio-radioswoma n-wome n, p olicema n-p oliceme n, mouse-mice, child-childre n, foot-feet,不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)P olicewoma n-p olicewome n, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people 。除此之外，還有一部分名詞單復(fù)數(shù)同形，如：fish 魚，deer 鹿，sheep 綿羊，works （工廠）， 國人，news 新聞，goods 商品有一些名詞則只有復(fù)數(shù)形式：trouse

4、rs 褲子，pants 褲子，shorts 短褲 glasses 眼鏡，comp asses 圓規(guī)，scales 天平，p liers 鉗子，clips剪子某國人”的復(fù)數(shù)有三種類型：（1） Chinese, Japanese, Swiss三國人單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)同形，不需加s;（2）Englishman, Frenchman, Dutchman 復(fù)數(shù)要把 man 變?yōu)?men;（3） 其他各國人以 pn，-ian收尾的均直接加 s。如：America ns, Australia ns, I ndia ns等。 可依照這個(gè)口訣記憶：中日不變，英法變，其他” s加后面。不可數(shù)名詞一般沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，只有單數(shù)形

5、式，它的前面不能用不定冠詞 表示它的個(gè)體意義時(shí)，一般需要將其量化。不可數(shù)名詞如何量化：就是在不可數(shù)名詞前面加上數(shù)詞+量詞+of”，比如：a piece of bread （ paper（紙）,cloth（布）,coal（煤）,news（新聞）,advice（意見）,information（信 息），meat（肉）an item of in formati on 則情報(bào)a sli p of paper 張紙條a length of cloth 一段布料a cake of soap 一塊肥皂a tube of tooth-paste 條牙膏a bottle of ink 一瓶墨水 等。當(dāng)量詞可數(shù)，

6、且前面的數(shù)詞大于一時(shí)，量詞需要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，means 手段，Swiss 瑞士人，Chinese 中a / an，右要女0 two bottles of water 兩瓶水 two pieces of paper 兩張紙 等；同時(shí)，可數(shù)名詞也有相應(yīng)用法，如：a box of apples 箱蘋果six boxes of apples六箱蘋果等。最常見的不可數(shù)名詞有：advice, baggage, change（零錢）,furniture （家具），hair, homework,in formati on, kno wledge, luggage （行李），mon ey, n ews, p ro

7、gress, traffic其它不可數(shù)名詞還有：abse nee, age, an ger, courage, en ergy, equipment, exp erie nee, failure,fear, food, fun, health, ice, in dustry, kindn ess, labour, luck, marriage, music, n ature, paper, p eaee, pl easure, po wer, p ride, rain, research, resp ect, safety, salt, sand, sile nee, slee p, stre

8、 ngth, snow, tech no logy, time, trade, transport, travel, trust, truth, waste, water, wealth, weather, wind, world 等。上面提到的可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞并不是一成不變的。英文中的很多詞都是一詞多義， 名詞也不例外，同是一個(gè)詞在一種情況下是可數(shù)名詞，而在另一種場合卻是不可數(shù)名詞，女口：可數(shù)名詞：a tin 只罐頭 a relation親屬 an iron 把熨斗 a democracy民主國家 a glass 一只玻璃杯 a beauty美人，美的東西 A wood 一片樹林 a p

9、ower不可數(shù)名詞：tin錫relation關(guān)系Iron鐵democracy民主 glass玻璃 beauty美 Wood 木頭power威力，電力。數(shù)等方面必須與其保持我們討論名詞的落腳點(diǎn)在，當(dāng)名詞充當(dāng)主語時(shí)，謂語動詞在人稱、一致-即主謂一致性”的問題?？蓴?shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞練習(xí)題一、寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1、orange2、class3、text4、mon key5、piano6、child7、shelf8、bed9、country10、family11、toy12、foot13、 Japanese14、radio15、photo16、army17、tomato18、fox19、woman20

10、、knife22、 sheep二、選擇填空1. There are fourand twoin the group.A. Japan ese, Germe nB Japan eses, Germe nC. Japan ese,Germa nC.Ja pan ese, Germa ns2. The boys have g already.A. two breadB. two breadsC. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread3. The old man want.A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of app

11、leC. six box of app lesD. six boxs of apples4. Theresomein the river.A. is, fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are, fish5. Themeeti ng room is n ear the read ing room.A. teacher B.teacher sC.teachers .teachers6. I n Britai nare all pain ted red.A. letter boxes B.letters boxes C. letter box D.letters

12、 box7. There arebirds in that big tree.A. hun dreds ofB. five hun dreds of D. hun dred of8. I want to buy.A. two bottles of ink D. two bottles of inks9. They don t have to do A. much homework D. much homeworks10. There are threeA. cows, shee ps D. cow, shee ps11. Sheep A. is, are D. are, are12. I d

13、like to have a glass of milk and A. two breadsbreadsC. two p ieces of bread13. He bought.A. two p airs of shoes C. two p airs of shoeB. two bottle of inkC. two bottle of inkstoday.B. many homeworksC. many homeworkand seve nin the picture.B. cows, shee pwhite and milkalso white.B. are, isC. cow, shee

14、 pC. is, isB. two p ieces ofD. two p iece of breadB. two p air of shoes D. two p air of shoeC. five hun dred ofif you want to.Few, a few, little, a little 專項(xiàng)練習(xí))1. This is a very old song, soyoung people know it.a. few b. little c. a few d. a little)2 . There aren t many oranges here, but you can tak

15、e _a. few b. a few c. a little d. little)3. Shanghai Waihuan Tunnel is already open to traffic, so it will take us time to go to Pudong Intern ati onal Airport.a. a few b. fewer c. a little d. less)4.There isink in my pen. Would you give me?a. little/ a little b. a little/ little c. few/ a few d. a

16、few/ few)5.Mr Smith is quite busy today. He hasmeet ings to atte nd.a. little b. a little c. few d. a few(wait outside?a. so b. such c. very d. too()7. Danny isthat he wants to go to the fit ness camp this summer holiday.a. such fat b. so a fat boy c. such a fat boy d. so fat boy()8. How can you mak

17、e a trip with somon ey?)6. I m sorry. The room issmall to hold so many people. Would you pleasea. few b. a few c. little . a little()9. There ismilk in the fridge, so we igo to the supermarket and buysome.d. a fewmany rooms that it was hard to find a way out.c. very d. toot work, you II fail in the

18、exam.b. hardly eno ugh c. hard eno ugh d. eno ugh hardly_ make a phone call to my frie nds. I have a lot of work to do.a. little b. a little c. few)10.The house hasa. such b. so)11.If you dona. eno ugh hard)12.I m _a. too busy to b. so busy that c, so busy to d. too busy that)13. There are onlystude nts in the classroom. Where are the