安徽省2019年中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 語法專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí) 語法二 介詞和介詞短語課件

1、安徽語法二介詞和介詞短語,考點(diǎn)一 時(shí)間介詞 1in, on, at,2.during, in during和in都表示一段時(shí)間。 但during更加強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間的延續(xù)性，可以表示在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)自始至終的狀態(tài)。,3for, since for和since表示的時(shí)間狀語都有延續(xù)之意，“for時(shí)間段”表示“延續(xù)多久”，作時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，句子可用過去時(shí)、完成時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)；since后接表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的短語，意為“自從(過去某時(shí))以來”，說明自過去某時(shí)延續(xù)至今的一段時(shí)間，常與完成時(shí)連用。,4in, after in和after后都可以接時(shí)間段，表示“(時(shí)間)之后”，in用于將來時(shí)，after用于過去時(shí)。,5.by, b

2、efore by表示“截止；到為止”，包括其后的時(shí)間；before則表示“在某時(shí)之前”，不包括其后的時(shí)間。,You should get your homework by Friday.你應(yīng)該最遲于星期五把作業(yè)準(zhǔn)備好。(包含星期五) Can you come and meet me before Friday？你能在星期五之前來見我嗎？(不包含星期五),1(2018山東東營(yíng)廣饒模擬)Chinas first homebuilt aircraft carrier(航空母艦) hit the water in Dalian the morning of April 26, 2017. Ain Bo

3、n Cat Dto,2(2018山東濟(jì)南商河二模)We are going to give our English teacher a surprise Teachers Day. Aon Bat Cin Dby,3(2018山東菏澤單縣模擬改編)It is believed that _ December 21st, 1891, the first basketball game in history was played. Ain Bat Con Dof,4(2018安徽蚌埠禹會(huì)二模改編)Mr. Brown arrived at the airport 5 oclock on the ev

4、ening of Saturday. Ain Bon Cat Dof,5(2018安徽蚌埠懷遠(yuǎn)檢測(cè))What time do you expect me to finish the task? Say, two hours. Abefore Bat Cfor Din,6(2018四川內(nèi)江中考)The accident took place a cold November evening. Aon Bin Cat Dfor,7(2018江蘇南京中考)Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon 20 July 1969. Ain Bon

5、 Cat Dfor,考點(diǎn)二 方位介詞 1across, through, past across強(qiáng)調(diào)從表面橫過；through強(qiáng)調(diào)從內(nèi)部穿過；past強(qiáng)調(diào)從旁邊經(jīng)過。,2in, on, over, above in“在里面”，通常指被包含在某物之內(nèi)；on“在上 面”，與表面有接觸，反義詞是beneath; over“在之上”， 指在物體的正上方或覆蓋在物體表面，反義詞是under; above“在之上；高于”，指在上方，不一定是垂直 的正上方，其反義詞是below。,3between, among 表示在兩者之間用between；在三者或三者以上之間用among。,4in/on/to方位名詞的

6、用法,1(2018甘肅白銀中考)The earth goes the sun. Aaround Bthrough Cbetween Dacross,2(2018天津中考)In the picture, he sits me, looking very happy. Abeside Bamong Cup Dthrough,3(2018重慶中考B卷)Excuse me, is there a computer room in your school? Yes. Its the fifth floor. Aon Bin Cat Dto,4(2017山東德州中考)A woman stood the w

7、indow, watching the children playing games in the garden. Apast Bthrough Cacross Dby,5(2019原創(chuàng))Hong Kong is in the south of China, and Macao lies the west of Hong Kong. Ato Bat Cin Don,6(2017四川成都中考改編)I cant see Lucy because she is the tree. Ain front of Bbehind Cnext to Dbefore,7(2017上海中考)Shirley is

8、still waiting for her flight to New York City the airport. Aat Bunder Con Dwith,8(2019原創(chuàng))The moonlight is shining in the window. Everything in the room looks nice. Aover Bacross Cthrough Dpast,考點(diǎn)三 方式介詞 1in, by, with in指“用”某種材料，“用”某種表達(dá)方式或度量單位，“用”某種語言或語言活動(dòng)的方式；by“用方式”，后面常跟表示手段、交通方式的名詞作賓語；with表示“用”一種具體的

9、工具或手段。,2by, on, in交通工具 當(dāng)交通工具前沒有限定詞修飾時(shí)，介詞只能用by；當(dāng)交通工具前有限定詞(冠詞和物主代詞等)時(shí)，介詞可用on，也可用in, 但不可用by。 He has returned to Beijing by air.他已乘飛機(jī)返回北京。 They go to work on their bikes.他們騎自行車上班。 I will pick you up at the airport in my car.我將開車去機(jī)場(chǎng)接你。,1(2019原創(chuàng))I made coat with my hand. It was made hand not with a machin

10、e. Ain Bon Cby Dwith,2(2019原創(chuàng))We are asked to write ink, that is, with a pen. Awith Bby Cin Don,3(2018河南商丘柘城模擬)How do you learn English? I study English talking with foreign students. Aat Bin Cby Don,4(2019原創(chuàng))Can you answer the question French? Aby Bwith Cfrom Din,5(2019原創(chuàng))Tom went to school his bik

11、e, and I in my fathers car. Ain Bby Con Dwith,考點(diǎn)四 其他?？冀樵~ 1without“沒有”，后面接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。 She just left without saying a word.她一句話也沒說就走了。 2including“包含；包括” The price is $100, including your meals.價(jià)錢是100美元，包括你的飯錢。,3with“和；具有，帶有；用，以；由于”，常表示伴隨。 She came back with a letter in her hand.她手里拿著一封信 回來了。 4against“反對(duì)；靠

12、著，倚著”，反義詞為for，表示“支 持”。 There is a ladder against the wall.有架梯子靠在墻上。,5except, except for, but, besides (1)except表示“除之外(不再有)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)不被包括在內(nèi)。 The office is open every day except Sundays.辦事處除了星期天以外天天開門。 (2)except for“除之外”，表示整體情況良好，局部出現(xiàn)問題。 The article is good except for some spelling mistakes.除了一些拼寫錯(cuò)誤，這個(gè)文章整體還

13、是很好的。,(3)but與except同義，表示“除了”，常用于no one, nobody, all等代詞后。 Theres no one but me.這里除了我沒有別人。 (4)besides“除之外還有”。 What languages do you know besides Chinese and English？除了漢語和英語以外你還懂什么語言？,6as作介詞，意思是“作為；以身份”。 He came to China as a tourist five years ago.他五年前以游客的身份來過中國。 English is used as a foreign language

14、in our country.英語作為一門外語在我國被使用。,1(2018安徽亳州利辛5月模擬)Your math is good. Do you have any special ways to learn it? No. Remember: nothing can be learned hard work. Aagainst Bwith Cthrough Dwithout,2(2018安徽阜陽第九中學(xué)期末)I gave the tickets to all the students the ones who had already taken them. Aexcept Bbeyond C

15、with Damong,3(2019預(yù)測(cè))Thirty passengers were hurt, five children. Ainclude Bincluding Cincluded Dincludes,考點(diǎn)五 介詞短語 a bit (of)有一點(diǎn)兒 after a while過了一會(huì)兒 a little一點(diǎn)兒 all kinds of 各種類型的；各種各樣的 a lot of許多,a pair of 一雙 a set of 一套；一副；一組 around the world 世界各地 as long as只要；既然 at first起先；首先 at last最后 at least至少；

16、不少于；起碼,at night/noon在夜里/中午 at once立刻 at the age of.在歲時(shí) at the beginning of.在之初 at the end of.在之末 at the foot of.在腳下,at the same time同時(shí) at/on the weekend在周末 because of因?yàn)?be different from 與不同；與有差異 be interested in 對(duì)感興趣 be made of由制成的,be similar to與相像的、類似的 be sure about 確信；對(duì)有把握 between.and.在和之間 by bik

17、e/air/train/bus/sea騎自行車/乘飛機(jī)/火車/汽車/船 by the end of.到底為止 by the way順便說 by the window在窗邊,by hand手工 by mistake錯(cuò)誤地 by the time到時(shí)候 by accident偶然地 far away from遠(yuǎn)離 for example例如,for sure 無疑；肯定 from now on從現(xiàn)在起 from then on從那時(shí)起 from.to. 從到 in a hurry匆忙,in all總共 in (great) danger處于(極大)危險(xiǎn)之中 in English 用英語 in fa

18、ct確切地說；事實(shí)上；實(shí)際上 in the countryside在鄉(xiāng)下；在農(nóng)村 in the middle of在中間 in time及時(shí),in order to為了 in public公眾；公開地 in surprise驚奇地 in the end 最后 in turn依次 in style時(shí)髦的 in trouble處于困境中,in a row一排；一列 in a word總而言之 in silence沉默 in the face of面對(duì) less than少于 little by little逐漸地,more than 多于 of course當(dāng)然 one (large) bowl

19、of.一(大)碗 on foot步行；走路 on ones way to某人在去的路上 on the left/right在左(右)邊,on the other hand另一方面 on the other side of.在另一邊 on time按時(shí) on vacation在度假 on weekends在周末 on duty在值日,on sale廉價(jià)銷售 on display展覽；陳列 so far到目前為止；迄今為止 such as例如；像這樣 the same as 和相同；與一致 thanks to幸虧,to ones joy/surprise使高興/驚訝的是 to be honest老實(shí)說 to start with在一開始 with a smile面帶笑容 with ones help/with the help of在某人的幫助下；由于某人的幫助 with ones own eyes親眼所見,1(2018安徽宿州第五中學(xué)模擬)How many teachers are there in your scho