最新高中英語(yǔ)必修四第二單元重點(diǎn)資料

1、精品文檔高中英語(yǔ)必修四第二單元重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)unittwoworkingtheland1、indeed,hissunburntfaceandarmsandhisslim,strongbodyarejustlikethoseofmillionsofchinesefarmers,forwhomhehasstruggledforthepastfivedecades.的確，他那被太陽(yáng)曬得黝黑的臉龐和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又結(jié)實(shí)的身體就跟過(guò)去五十年他一直在幫助的千百萬(wàn)的中國(guó)農(nóng)民一樣。完成時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間表達(dá)：（1）for+段時(shí)間多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間以來(lái)（2）before以前（3）since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)自從什么時(shí)間since+時(shí)間段

2、+ago自從多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間以前since+從句自從sincethen從那以后（4）recently;lately;inrecent+時(shí)間最近；最近多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間（5）sofar;byfar;uptillnow;bynow到現(xiàn)在為止（6）bytheendof/bythetime到時(shí)間結(jié)尾（7）in/during/forthepast/last+時(shí)間段在過(guò)去的多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間里特別提示：（1）如果句子中有以上時(shí)間，句子一般要用完成時(shí)。（2）before后不能跟時(shí)間；否則句子用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。（3）bytheendof/bythetime多用于過(guò)去完成時(shí)或?qū)?lái)完成時(shí)。即時(shí)活用：1、_severalyearshehasbeen

3、workinglikethis.a.inb.afterc.ford.since2、theheavyrainfallhascausedvegetablepricestorisedaily_thelasttwomonths.a.byb.sincec.ford.with3、wheredoesmrzhanglive?-hehasbeenontheisland_theendofthelongmarch.a.sinceb.byc.ind.at4、ihavebeeninlondontwice_1965.a.inb.sincec.duringd.when答案：ccab2、dr.yuansearchedfora

4、waytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpandingtheareaofthefields.袁博士尋找一種在不擴(kuò)大土地面積的情況下增加收成的辦法。searchvt.搜查theguardssearchedthehousecarefully.警衛(wèi)仔細(xì)搜查了整個(gè)房子。theysearchedthewoodsforthelostboy.他們搜查整個(gè)森林尋找丟失的小孩。聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：（1）searchfor尋找whatareyousearchingfor?你在找什么？（2）searchonesheart捫心自問(wèn)ioftensearchmyheartifiamacompetentt

5、eacher.我常捫心自問(wèn)我是不是一個(gè)稱(chēng)職的老師。（3）insearchof尋找westartedatonceinsearchofsomethingtoeat.我們立刻開(kāi)始尋找可吃的東西。3、dr.yuansearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpandingtheareaofthefields.袁博士尋找一種在不擴(kuò)大土地面積的情況下增加收成的辦法。expandvi.&vt.用法歸納：（1）膨脹；擴(kuò)大atyreexpandswhenyoupumpairintoit.給輪胎充氣輪胎會(huì)鼓起來(lái)的。xianisexpandinginalldirect

6、ions.西安正在向四周擴(kuò)大。（2）加大；使膨脹heatexpandsmetal.熱使金屬膨脹。hehasexpandedhisbusiness.他把生意擴(kuò)大了。聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：expandon細(xì)說(shuō)；闡述letmeexpandonmyidea.我來(lái)闡述一下我的觀點(diǎn)。4、dr.yuanisnowcirculatinghisknowledgeinindia,vietnamandmanyotherlessdevelopedcountriestoincreasetheirharvest.袁博士正在把他的知識(shí)用在像印度、越南這些不發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家以便于增加它們水稻的產(chǎn)量。精品文檔精品文檔circulatevi.&v

7、t.用法歸納：（1）循環(huán)；流通bloodcirculatesinthebody.血液在體內(nèi)循環(huán)。itdoesgoodtoacountryseconomyifmoneycirculates.錢(qián)流動(dòng)對(duì)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)有好處。（2）傳播；流傳badnewscirculatesquickly.壞消息傳播的很快。somepeopleliketocirculatefalsenews.有些人喜歡傳播假消息。聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：circulationn.循環(huán)；傳播；發(fā)行量5、thankstohisresearch,theunhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.多虧了他的研究

8、，聯(lián)合國(guó)在消除世界饑餓的戰(zhàn)斗中又多了些方法。thanksto幸虧；多虧；由于thankstotheillness,ididnttakethatflight.多虧生病，我沒(méi)乘坐那次航班。thankstotheteachershelp,ivemadesomeprogresswithmyenglish.由于老師幫助，我的英語(yǔ)取得了一些進(jìn)步。聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：下列詞組中的to為介詞lookforwardto期望seeto處理；修理be/getusedto習(xí)慣于payattentionto注意getdownto開(kāi)始認(rèn)真做leadto導(dǎo)致devoteto貢獻(xiàn)stickto堅(jiān)持；遵循objectto反對(duì)prefer

9、doingto喜歡勝過(guò)于getaroundto找時(shí)間做liveupto不辜負(fù)referto指的是；適用于belongto屬于compareto把比作turnto轉(zhuǎn)向；求助于addto增加dueto由于；歸功于beaddictedto沉迷于adaptto適應(yīng)agreeto同意besubjectto受約束oweto歸功于thanksto幸虧；由于loseheartto喜歡tendto傾向于urgeto促使采取taketo喜歡beaccustomedto習(xí)慣于即時(shí)活用：iusuallyenjoyhisfilm,butthelatestone_.a.didntcomeuptomyexpectation

10、b.didntturnoutbeyondexpectationc.didntliveuptomyhoped.doesntcomeuptoourexpectation答案：c6、usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.用他的雜交水稻種子，農(nóng)民們種出的糧食比以前多了一倍。倍數(shù)表達(dá)法(1)倍數(shù)（百分?jǐn)?shù)）+形容詞比較級(jí)+than+比較對(duì)象增加倍thisroomisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.這個(gè)房子比那個(gè)房子大三倍。(2)倍數(shù)+as+形容詞原形+as+比較對(duì)象是的幾倍thisroo

11、misthreetimesasbigasthatone.這個(gè)房子是那個(gè)房子的三倍。(3)倍數(shù)+upon+比較對(duì)象增加倍thenumberofstudentsinourschoolnowis200%uponthatoflastyear.我們學(xué)?，F(xiàn)在的學(xué)生數(shù)量比去年增加了兩倍。(4)倍數(shù)+over+比較對(duì)象增加倍thenumberofstudentsinourschoolnowis200%overthatoflastyear.我們學(xué)?，F(xiàn)在的學(xué)生數(shù)量比去年增加了兩倍。(5)倍數(shù)+the+名詞+of+比較對(duì)象是的幾倍thisbridgeisthreetimesthelengthofthatone.這座

12、橋的長(zhǎng)度是那座橋的三倍。即時(shí)活用：1、somepartsinsouthchinahaveexperienced_thisyearastheydidlastyear.a.twiceasmuchrainb.raintwiceasmuchc.astwicemuchraind.twicerainasmuch2、myglassescostme_thelostpairthatibought.a.timesthreeb.threetimesmorethanc.threetimesasmuchasd.asmuchthreetimesas3、doyouregretpayingfiftydollarsforthe

13、dog?-no,iwouldgladlyhavepaid_forhim.a.asmuchtwiceb.twicesomuchc.muchtwiced.twiceasmuch4、nowthecityis_itusedtobe.a.threetimesaslargeasb.threetimelargerasc.largerasthreetimesasd.asthreetimeslargerthan答案：acda7、thankstohisresearch,theunhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.精品文檔精品文檔多虧了他的研究，聯(lián)合國(guó)在消除世

14、界饑餓的戰(zhàn)斗中又多了些方法。ridv.免除,清除,使.獲自由letsgetridofthismoldyoldfurniture.咱們把這件發(fā)霉的家具扔了。wewillbegladtogetridofhim.我們很高興擺脫了他。聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：（1）beridof擺脫掉shewasgladtoberidofhim.擺脫了他她很高興。willieverberidofthiscold?我的感冒還能好嗎？（2）getridof擺脫掉；戒掉ittookmeamonthtogetridofmycough.我的咳嗽一個(gè)月后才好。youshouldgetridofsmoking.你應(yīng)該戒煙。即時(shí)活用：whatway

15、areyouthinkingof_ridoftheflies?a.togetb.gettingc.beinggotd.tobegetting答案：a8、hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.他寧愿為自己的愛(ài)好留點(diǎn)時(shí)間。had/wouldrather寧愿idratherstayhereacoupleofdays.我想在這兒再呆幾天。ihadratheryoutoldthetruth.我寧愿的說(shuō)實(shí)話。特別提示：had/wouldrather表示“寧愿”時(shí)后面跟動(dòng)詞原形；如果后面跟從句，從句謂語(yǔ)要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即過(guò)去式。聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：would/hadrathert

16、han寧愿而不愿idmuchratherdealwithamanthanwithawoman.我愿意和男人打交道，不愿和女人打交道。即時(shí)活用：1、i_playfootballthanbasketball.a.wouldratherb.hadbetterc.likebetterd.prefer2、heinsistedonstaying_backhome.a.ratherthangoingb.ratherthangoc.thangoingd.ratherthantogo3、shallitellthemthenews?-no,iwouldratherthey_know.a.wontb.dontc.w

17、ouldntd.didnt4、idgotohell_staywithyou.a.thanb.ratherc.ratherthand.betterthan5、infact,marywouldratherhaveleftforsanfrancisco_inlosangeles.a.bystayingb.thatstayc.thanhavestayedd.tostay6、_yourathersitbythewindow.a.dontb.willc.wouldntd.wont答案：aadccc9、dryuanawokefromhisdreamwiththehopeofproducingakindofr

18、icethatcouldfeedmorepeople.袁博士從夢(mèng)中醒來(lái)，希望能種植一種可以養(yǎng)活更多人的水稻。withthehopeof抱著的希望theywenttosouthpacificwiththehopeoffindingsomenewplants.他們?nèi)ツ咸窖笙Ｍ业揭恍┬轮参铩iththehopeofrecovery,shetriedtolivehappily.抱著康復(fù)的希望，她盡量愉快的生活。聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：inthehopeof希望能wegotupearlyinthemorninginthehopeofcatchingthefirstbus.我們?cè)缭缙鸫?，希望能趕上第一班車(chē)。特別提

19、示：“withthehopeof抱著的希望”一般表示客觀希望；而inthehopeof一般表示主觀希望。即時(shí)活用：_andnowaytoreduceherpainandsufferingfromtheterribledisease,thepatientsoughtherdoctorshelptoendherlife.a.havinggivenuphopeofcureb.withnohopeforcurec.therebeinghopeforcured.inthehopeofcure答案：b10、thesechemicalsinthefoodsupplybuildupinpeoplesbodie

20、sovertime.經(jīng)過(guò)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，食物中所提供的化學(xué)物質(zhì)會(huì)在人的體內(nèi)聚集。buildup(1)建設(shè)起來(lái)；發(fā)展起來(lái)hehasbuiltupagoodbusinessovertheyears.幾年下來(lái)他的生意發(fā)展的很不錯(cuò)了。wehaveachievedgreatsuccessesinthecauseofbuildingupourcountry.在建設(shè)我們國(guó)家的過(guò)程中我們?nèi)〉昧撕芏喑晒Α?2)加強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)youmustbuildupyourstrengthagain.你應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)你的力量。精品文檔精品文檔goodfoodbuildsupthebody.好食品能使身體健康。(3)積累；積聚wefirsth

21、avetobuildupsomeexperience.首先我們應(yīng)該積累一些經(jīng)驗(yàn)。chinahasbuiltupenoughmoneytocopewiththeeconomiccrisis.中國(guó)已經(jīng)聚集了足夠的經(jīng)濟(jì)以對(duì)以經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)。(4)逐步增加thecloudsarebuildingup.烏云在聚積。thenoisebuiltuptillmarycouldntstanditanylonger.聲音越來(lái)越大知道瑪麗再也受不了。即時(shí)活用：1、studentsshouldplaymoreontheplaygroundto_uptheirbodies.a.holdb.getc.keepd.build答案

22、：d2、-ifeltverybadthesedays.-oh,youshould_yourbody.a.buildupb.lookatc.thinkd.takecare答案：a11、theyfocusonkeepingtheirsoilrichandfreeofdisease.他們把注意力集中在保持土壤肥沃且免受病害。focuson用法歸納：（1）對(duì)準(zhǔn)；把光線集中在focusthelightontheobjectwhileiamtakingaphotoofit.我拍照時(shí)把光線集中在物體上。thescientistfocusedthetelescopeonthemoon.那個(gè)科學(xué)家把望遠(yuǎn)鏡對(duì)準(zhǔn)月

23、球。（2）把集中在上youshouldfocusyourattentiononyourstudy.你應(yīng)該把注意力集中在學(xué)習(xí)上。alleyeswerefocusedonher.所有眼睛都集中在她身上。12、theyfocusonkeepingtheirsoilrichandfreeofdisease.他們把注意力集中在保持土壤肥沃且免受病害。freeof用法歸納：（1）沒(méi)有；免受；免交theoldcouplearenowfreeofburden.那對(duì)老年人現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有負(fù)擔(dān)。ifyoursalaryisunder1600yuanonemonth,youarefreeofincometax.如果你每月工

24、資低于1600元，你就可以免交個(gè)人所得稅。（2）遠(yuǎn)離；離開(kāi)wheniamtired,icanbefreeofnoisycity.退休后，我就可以遠(yuǎn)離喧鬧的城市。wewillbefreeofschoolinthreemonths.三個(gè)月后我們就能離開(kāi)學(xué)校了。特別提示:freeof還可以作短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，表示“使擺脫”。thehousewifeopenedthewindowtofreetheroomofsmoke.主婦打開(kāi)窗子讓房子里的煙跑一跑。13、thisalsokeepstheair,soil,waterandcropsfreefromchemicals.這還可使空氣、土壤、水和作物不受化學(xué)物質(zhì)污

25、染。keepfreefrom/of使免受keepthesevegetablesfreefrompoison.使這些蔬菜別受毒物污染。societyshouldkeepchildrenfreefrombadeffects.社會(huì)應(yīng)該使孩子們免受壞的影響。聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：（1）freefrom把從中解脫出來(lái)teachersshouldfreestudentsfromheavystudies.老師應(yīng)該把學(xué)生從繁重的學(xué)習(xí)中解脫出來(lái)。youshouldfreemefromhousework.你應(yīng)該讓我從家務(wù)中解脫出來(lái)。（2）befreefrom無(wú)的；免予的thissentenceisfreefrommistak

26、e.這個(gè)句子沒(méi)錯(cuò)誤。iamfreefromdisease.我沒(méi)病。即時(shí)活用：-whatabouttheprotection?-letskeepthesurface_dirtybyputtingacoveroverit.a.farfromb.freefromc.apartfromd.awayfrom答案：b14、hewaslostinthought.他陷入深思。belostin用法歸納：（1）消失在中thethiefranawayandwaslostinthecrow.小偷逃跑了并且消失在人群中。精品文檔精品文檔thesnowflakesweresoonlostinthewater.雪花很快消失

27、在水中。（2）陷入；被所吸引thestudentwaslostinthought.那個(gè)學(xué)生陷入深思。theboywaslostinthebook.男孩被書(shū)深深的吸引。（3）迷路theymustbelostintheforest.他們肯定在森林中迷路了。itisveryeasyforastrangertogetlostinshanghai.陌生人在上海很容易迷路。即時(shí)活用：_inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.a.losingb.havinglostc.lostd.tolose答案：c15、hestudiedwaysofkeepingseeds

28、andadvisedfarmerstochooseseed-headswhichhadthebestcolor.他研究保存種子的辦法并且建議農(nóng)民們挑選顏色最好的穗株。advisevt.&vi.建議；勸告；出主意用法歸納：（1）跟名詞或代詞theyadvisedanearlystarttomorrow.他們建議明天早點(diǎn)出發(fā)。wehavetostayhere,caniadviseit?我們必須呆在這里，我能這樣建議嗎？（2）advisesb.(not)todosth.建議某人（別）做某事canyouadvisemewheretostaywheniwasinxian?你能建議我在西安時(shí)住在哪里嗎？w

29、hatwouldyouadvisemetodonext?你建議我下來(lái)做什么？（3）跟動(dòng)名詞headvisedstayingathomeatnight.他建議晚上呆在家里。weadvisedhisstudyingabroad.我們建議他去國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)。（4）跟從句theteacheradvisedthathepaymoreattentiontohisspelling.老師建議他多注意拼寫(xiě)。theyadvisedthatishouldgiveupmyidea.他們建議我放棄我的想法。特別提示：一堅(jiān)持：insist二命令：order,command三建議：advise,suggest,propose四要

30、求：ask,demand,require,request后跟賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)要用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略。另外，以上詞作名詞時(shí)，其后的表語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)也要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。規(guī)定同上。聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展：adviseagainst勸不要adviseon就出主意advisableadj.明智的；可取的advisedlyadv.有意的；經(jīng)過(guò)考慮的即時(shí)活用：1、weare_bydoctorstoeatmorenaturalfoodandtakeplentyofphysicalexercises.a.suggestedb.warnedofc.informedd.advised2、

31、jackshouldhavetakenthedoctorsadvicethathe_inbedforacoupleofdays.a.wouldlieb.liec.mustlied.lay3、iadviseyouatonce.atodoyourhomeworkbdoyourhomeworkscdoingyourhomeworkddidyourhomeworks4、iadviseyouwaterthatisntboiledanymore.atodrinkbnottodrinkctonotdrinkddrinking5、iadvisetheperson_to_putintoprison.a.refe

32、rring;beb.referred;bec.refers;bed.referred;being答案：dbabb16、thenextspringtheseedsshouldbeknockedoutoftheirseed-headsandplanted.第二年春天把種子從穗株中敲出來(lái)。knock+o+oc用法歸納：(1)knock+o+形容詞thecarknockedhimsenseless.車(chē)把他撞昏了。hisheavyblowknockedmedumbfounded.他重重的一拳打得我不知所措。(2)knock+o+副詞letmeknockthedustoff.我來(lái)把灰塵撣掉。pleaseknocktheballup.把球打起來(lái)。(3)knock+o+介詞短語(yǔ)heknockedthedishoffthetable.他把盤(pán)子從桌子上撞下來(lái)了。iknockedmykneeagainstthechair.我把膝蓋撞到椅子。精品文檔精品文檔聯(lián)想擴(kuò)展