美賽論文要點(diǎn)

1、.摘要：第一段：寫論文解決什么問(wèn)題1問(wèn)題的重述a. 介紹重點(diǎn)詞開(kāi)頭：例1：“Hand move” irrigation, a cheap but labor-intensivesystem used onsmall farms,consists ofa movable pipe with sprinkler on top that can be attached to a stationary main.例2:is a real-life common phenomenon with many complexities.例3：An (effective plan) is crucial tob

2、. 直接指出問(wèn)題：例 1：We find the optimalnumber of tollbooths in a highway toll-plaza for a given number of highway lanes: the number of tollbooths that minimizes average delay experienced by cars.例2：A brand-new university needs to balance the cost of information technology security measures with the potenti

3、al cost of attacks on its systems.例3：We determine the number ofsprinklers touse by analyzingthe energyandmotion of water in the pipeand examiningthe engineering parameters of sprinklers available in the market.例4: After mathematically analyzing the problem, our modeling group would like to present o

4、ur conclusions, strategies, (and recommendations )to the .例5：Our goal is. that (minimizes the time ).2解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的偉大意義反面說(shuō)明。如果沒(méi)有Withoutimplementing defensive measure, the university is exposed to an expectedlossof $8.9 million per year.3總的解決概述a通過(guò)什么方法解決什么問(wèn)題例：We address the problem of optimizingamusement pa

5、rk enjoymentthroughdistributing Quick Passes (QP), reservation slips that ideally allow an individual tospend lesstime waiting in line.b實(shí)際問(wèn)題轉(zhuǎn)化為數(shù)學(xué)模型例1We formulate the problem asa network flowin whichvertices are the locations of escorts and wheelchair passengers.例2 :Anavestrategy would be to employ t

6、he minimumnumber of escorts to guarantee that all passengers reach their gates on time.c.將問(wèn)題分階段考慮例3：We dividethe jumpintothreephases: flying through the air, punching through the stack, and landing on the ground.第二、三段：具體分析1在什么模型中/建立了什么模型a. 主流模型例1：We formulatea differentialmodeltoaccount forthe rates

7、 of change of these uses, andhowthis changewould affectthe overall consumption of water within the studied region.例2:We examined the mathematical effects of. We developed a detailed (simulation methodology) to test our ideas and to quantify the differences between (among) different (strategies).例3：B

8、ased on (write your basis .such as the theory of supply and demand), we establish a model (such as differential equation system that includes demand, supply).例4：To (write the aims), we establish a criterion (write the criterion).b. 模型非主流例5：We build a model to determine how to lay out the pipe each t

9、ime the equipment is moved.例6：We determine 例7：We build a model to determine.例8：We formulate a model forBy analyzing and examining.2分析模型（使用什么數(shù)據(jù)，怎么做，一般三句話）a. 寫歷史數(shù)據(jù)例1：Using historical data from theUnited States, we determine initial conditions for our model.b. 寫計(jì)算機(jī)模擬例1：this model leads to a computer si

10、mulation of catch-can tests of the irrigation system and 例2:Software packing reachesby calculating and comparing.c. 運(yùn)用數(shù)據(jù)模擬例1：to ground this model in reality, we incorporate extensive demographic data and run例2：We fit the modified model to data (such as 1970-2003.). We conclude that (write the last c

11、onclude).d. 講詳細(xì)分析例1：We physically characterize the system that例2：We provide a strategy (write the logical strategy).例3：The model is (efficient, intuitive, and flexible) and could be applied to例4：To meet the needs of people today without, we establish a criterion of rational(合理的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)) oilallocation(分配).

12、3總結(jié)該模型的結(jié)果/得到什么結(jié)論a. 說(shuō)明不是最優(yōu)但能產(chǎn)生作用例：We show that this strategy is not optimal but can be improved by assigning different numbersb. 說(shuō)明如果用這個(gè)模型，結(jié)果如何例1：If Delta Airlines were to utilize the nave strategy atAtlantaInternationalAirport, the cost would be 例2：We modify the model to reflect (some trend such as

13、exponentially increasing) and generalize the model to (other field).例3：Our results are summarized in the formula for the optimal number Bof tollbooths forc通過(guò)其上情況的列舉得到的結(jié)論例：For various situations, we propose an optimal solution.d. 得出了結(jié)論例1：we elicit that a conclusion.例2：We conclude with a series of rec

14、ommendations for how best toe.進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明其他因素對(duì)模型的影響例：In addition to the model, we also discuss policies for .f.用真實(shí)數(shù)據(jù)檢驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ屠?To demonstrate how our model works, we apply it to .最后一段：寫總的結(jié)論a. 說(shuō)明結(jié)論的可行性例：Our suggested solution, which is easy to implement, includes a detailed timetable and the arrangement of pipe

15、s.b.說(shuō)明算法的廣泛性例1：Our algorithm is broad enough to accommodate various airport concourses, flight schedules, and flight delays.例2：Our analysis began by determining what factor impact, Our conclusions are presentedc.說(shuō)明模型可用于其他領(lǐng)域例：Since our model is based on it can be applied to (other domain).其他（承上啟下的連接詞

16、/常用詞組）例:In addition to the model, we also discuss引言部分（1）回顧研究背景，常用詞匯有review, summarize, present, outline, describe等（2）說(shuō)明寫作目的，常用詞匯有purpose, attempt, aim等，另外還可以用動(dòng)詞不定式充當(dāng)目的狀語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)（3）介紹論文的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容或研究范圍，常用詞匯有study, present, include, focus, emphasize, emphasis, attention等方法部分（1）介紹研究或試驗(yàn)過(guò)程，常用詞匯有test study, investig

17、ate, examine, experiment, discuss, consider, analyze, analysis等（2）說(shuō)明研究或試驗(yàn)方法，常用詞匯有measure, estimate, calculate等（3）介紹應(yīng)用、用途，常用詞匯有等結(jié)果部分（1）展示研究結(jié)果，常用詞匯有show, result, present等（2）介紹結(jié)論，常用詞匯有summary, introduce, conclude等討論部分（1）陳述論文的論點(diǎn)和作者的觀點(diǎn)，常用詞匯有suggest, repot, present, expect, describe等（2）說(shuō)明論證，常用詞匯有等support, provide, indicate, identify, find, demonstrate, confirm, clarify（3）推薦和建議，常用詞匯有suggest, suggestion, recommend, recommendation, propose,necessity, necessary, expect等。摘要中常用的詞語(yǔ)匯：critical 至關(guān)重要的algorithm 運(yùn)算法則