國(guó)際貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)解釋通則2010之FOB(中英對(duì)照版)

1、FREE ON BOARD 船上交貨 FOB (in sert named port of shipme nt) In coterms 2010 船上交貨(指定裝運(yùn)港) GUIDANCE NOTE 序言 This rule is to be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 該術(shù)語(yǔ)僅適用于海運(yùn)或內(nèi)河運(yùn)輸。 “ Free on Board ” means that the seller delivers the goods on boardesthselvnominated by the buyer at the named port

2、 of shipment or procures the goods already so delivered. The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes when the goods are on board the vessel, and the buyer bears all costs from that moment onwards. “ Free on Board是指當(dāng)賣方在指定的裝運(yùn)港將貨物運(yùn)至買方指定的船上或取得已按此 送交的貨物 ，即完成交貨。當(dāng)貨物已運(yùn)至船上時(shí)， 貨物滅失或損壞的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)移，買方自 那時(shí)起承擔(dān)一切費(fèi)

3、用。 The seller is required either to deliver the goods on board the vessel or to procure goods already so delivered for shipment. The reference to“ procure ” lehsearlescadtoewrsnfoar multip chain (string sales ), particularly common in the commodity trades. 賣方必須將貨物運(yùn)到船上或取得已按此送交準(zhǔn)備發(fā)運(yùn)的貨物。 這里的 “取得”適合于多層 次

4、鏈條式銷售(線性銷售)，在商品銷售中尤為普遍。 FOB may not be appropriate where goods are handed over to the carrier before they are on board the vessel, for example goods in containers, which are typically delivered at a terminal. In such situations, the FCA rule should be used. FOB不適用于貨物在裝船之前移交給承運(yùn)人的情況，比如集裝箱內(nèi)的貨物通常在目的地 交付

5、。在這種情況下，應(yīng)使用 FCA 術(shù)語(yǔ)。 FOB requires the seller to clear the goods for export, where applicable. However, the seller has no obligation to clear the goods for import, pay any import duty or carry out any import customs formalities. FOB 要求在需要辦理海關(guān)手續(xù)時(shí)由賣方負(fù)責(zé)貨物出口清關(guān)。然而，賣方并沒(méi)有義務(wù)辦 理貨物進(jìn)口清關(guān)、負(fù)擔(dān)任何進(jìn)口關(guān)稅或辦理任何進(jìn)口海關(guān)手續(xù)。 A TH

6、E SELLER OBLIGATIONS 賣方義務(wù) A1 General obligations of the seller 賣方基本義務(wù) The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity that may be required by the contract. Any document referred to in A1-A10 may be an equivalen

7、t electronic record or procedure if agreed between the parties or customary. 賣方必須提供符合銷售合同規(guī)定的貨物和商業(yè)發(fā)票以及按照合同約定必需的有同等作 用的其他任何憑證。以及經(jīng)當(dāng)事人同意或根據(jù)交易習(xí)慣在 A1-A10 中提到的任何有同等作用 的電子記錄或程序的憑證。 A2 Licences, authorizations, security clearances and other formalities 許可，授權(quán)，安全許可和其他正式手續(xù) Where applicable, the seller must obta

8、in, at its own risk and expense, any export licence or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities necessary for the export of the goods. 在需要辦理清關(guān)手續(xù)時(shí)，賣方必須承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和費(fèi)用獲得任何出口許可或其他官方授權(quán)， 辦理貨物出口所需的一切海關(guān)手續(xù)。 A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance 運(yùn)輸合同和保險(xiǎn)合同 a) Contract of carriage 運(yùn)輸合同 The s

9、eller has no obligation to the buyer to make a contract of carriage. However, if requested by the buyer or if it is commercial practice and the buyer does not give an instruction to the contrary in due time, the seller may contract for carriage on usual terms at the buyer expense. In either case, th

10、e seller may decline to make the contract of carriage and, if it does, shall promptly notify the buyer. 賣方?jīng)]有義務(wù)為買方訂立運(yùn)輸合同。 但若買方要求， 或者如果是商業(yè)慣例而買方未適時(shí) 給予賣方相反指示， 則賣方可按照通常條件訂立運(yùn)輸合同， 費(fèi)用和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)由買方承擔(dān)。 在任何 一種情況下，賣方都可以拒絕訂立此合同；如果拒絕，則應(yīng)立即通知買方。 b) Contract of insurance 保險(xiǎn)合同 The seller has no obligation to the buyer to ma

11、ke a contract of insurance. However, the seller must provide the buyer, at the buyer s request, risk, and expense (if any), with information that the buyer needs for obtaining insurance. 賣方?jīng)]有義務(wù)為買方訂立保險(xiǎn)合同。但應(yīng)買方要求并由其承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和費(fèi)用，賣方必須提 供給買方辦理保險(xiǎn)所需的相關(guān)信息。 A4 Delivery 交貨 The seller must deliver the goods either b

12、y placi ng them on board the vessel nomin ated by the buyer at the loadi ng poin t, if any, in dicated by the buyer at the n amed port of shipme nt or by procuri ng the goods so delivered. In either case, the seller must deliver the goods on the agreed date or with in the agreed period and in the ma

13、nner customary at the port. If no specific loading point has been indicated by the buyer, the seller may select the point with in the n amed port of shipme nt that best suits its purpose. 賣方必須將在買方指定的裝運(yùn)港，在買方指定的裝運(yùn)地點(diǎn)，在約定日期或期限內(nèi)，按照 該港習(xí)慣方式將貨物交至買方指定的船上或取得已交運(yùn)的貨物。 若買方?jīng)]有指定具體交貨點(diǎn)，那么賣方可選擇指定裝運(yùn)港內(nèi)最適合其目的的交貨點(diǎn)。 A5 Tra

14、nsfer of risks 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移 The seller bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods until they have been delivered in accorda nee with A4 with the excepti on of loss or damage in the circumsta nces described in B5. 除B5規(guī)定者外，賣方必須承擔(dān)貨物滅失或損壞的一切風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，直至已按照A4規(guī)定交貨為 止。 A6 Allocati on of costs 費(fèi)用劃分 The seller must

15、pay賣方必須支付： a) all costs relating to the goods until they have been delivered in accordance with A4, other than those payable by the buyer as en visaged in B6; and b) where applicable, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export, as well as all duties, taxes and other charges payable upon e

16、xport. 除按照B6規(guī)定應(yīng)由買方支付的費(fèi)用外，賣方必須支付與貨物有關(guān)的一切費(fèi)用，直至已 按照A4規(guī)定交貨為止；在需要辦理海關(guān)手續(xù)時(shí)，貨物出口應(yīng)辦理的海關(guān)手續(xù)費(fèi)用及出口應(yīng) 交納的一切關(guān)稅、稅款和其他費(fèi)用。 A7 Notices to the buyer 通知買方 The seller must, at the buyer s risk and expense, give the buyer sufficient notice either that the goods have been delivered in accordance with A4 or that the vessel h

17、as failed to take the goods with in the time agreed. 在貨物已按照A4規(guī)定交付或在約定時(shí)間內(nèi)船舶未能接收貨物時(shí)，賣方必須給予買方充 分通知，由買方承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和費(fèi)用。 A8 Delivery docume nt 交貨憑證 The seller must provide the buyer, at the seller s expense, with the usual proof that the goods have bee n delivered in accorda nce with A4. Un less such proof is a

18、tran sport docume nt, the seller must provide assistance to the buyer, at the buyer s request, risk and expense, in obtaining a tran sport docume nt. 賣方必須自擔(dān)費(fèi)用向買方提供證明已按照A4規(guī)定交貨的通常單據(jù)。如果這些憑證不是 運(yùn)輸單據(jù)，應(yīng)買方要求并由其承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和費(fèi)用，賣方必須給予買方協(xié)助以取得運(yùn)輸單據(jù)。 A9 Checking -packaging -marking 查對(duì)、包裝、標(biāo)記 The seller must pay the costs

19、of those check ing operati ons (such as check ing quality, measuring, weighing, counting) that are necessary for the purpose of delivering the goods in accorda nce with A4, as well as the costs of any pre-shipme nt in specti on man dated by the authority of the country of export. The seller must, at

20、 its own expe nse, package the goods, uni ess it is usual for the particular trade to tran sport the type of goods sold un packaged. The seller may package the goods in the manner appropriate for their tran sport, uni ess the buyer has no tified the seller of specific packagi ng requireme nts before

21、 the con tract of sale is con cluded. Packagi ng is to be marked appropriately. 賣方必須支付按照A4規(guī)定為了將貨物交給買方處置所需進(jìn)行的查對(duì)費(fèi)用(如查對(duì)貨物 品質(zhì)、丈量、過(guò)磅、點(diǎn)數(shù)的費(fèi)用)以及出口國(guó)有關(guān)當(dāng)局在裝運(yùn)前強(qiáng)制檢驗(yàn)的費(fèi)用。賣方必須 自付費(fèi)用包裝貨物，除非按照相關(guān)行業(yè)慣例，所售類型的貨物通常無(wú)需包裝發(fā)運(yùn)。賣方應(yīng)該 按照有關(guān)貨物運(yùn)輸所要求的方式包裝貨物，除非買方在訂立合同前已經(jīng)通知賣方特殊的包裝 要求。包裝應(yīng)作適當(dāng)標(biāo)記。 A10 Assista nce with in formation and related

22、 costs 信息協(xié)助及相關(guān)費(fèi)用 The seller must, where applicable, in a timely manner, provide to or render assistance in obtaining for the buyer, at the buyer s request, risk and expense, any documents and information, including security-related information, that the buyer needs for the import of the goods and/or

23、 for their transport to the final destination. The seller must reimburse the buyer for all costs and charges in curred by the buyer in provid ing or ren deri ng assista nee in obta ining docume nts and in formatio n as en visaged in B10. 應(yīng)買方要求并由其承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和費(fèi)用，在需要辦理清關(guān)手續(xù)時(shí)，賣方必須給予買方一切及 時(shí)的協(xié)助，以幫助其取得包括買方為進(jìn)口貨物和/或

24、為使貨物運(yùn)輸?shù)阶罱K目的地所需的有關(guān) 貨物安全信息在內(nèi)的任何憑證和信息。賣方必須償付買方按照B10規(guī)定在賣方獲得相關(guān)憑證 和信息時(shí)給予協(xié)助所發(fā)生的費(fèi)用。 B THE BUYER OBLIGATIONS 買方義務(wù) B1 Ge neral obligatio ns of the buyer買方基本義務(wù) The buyer must pay the price of the goods as provided in the con tract of sale. 買方必須按照銷售合同規(guī)定支付價(jià)款。 Any docume nt referred to in B1-B10 may be an equival

25、e nt electr onic record or procedure if agreed betwee n the parties or customary. 以及經(jīng)當(dāng)事人同意或根據(jù)交易習(xí)慣在B1-B10中提到的任何有同等作用的電子記錄或程 序的憑證。 B2 Licences, authorizations, security clearances and other formalities 許可，授權(quán)，安全許可和其他正式手續(xù) Where applicable, it is up to the buyer to obta in, at its own risk and expe nse,

26、any import licence or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities for the import of the goods and for their tran sport through any coun try. 在需要辦理清關(guān)手續(xù)時(shí)，由買方自擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和費(fèi)用獲得任何進(jìn)口許可或其他官方授權(quán)，并 負(fù)責(zé)辦理貨物進(jìn)口和從他國(guó)過(guò)境的一切海關(guān)手續(xù)。 B3 Con tracts of carriage and in sura nce 運(yùn)輸合同和保險(xiǎn)合同 a) Contract of carriag

27、e 運(yùn)輸合同 The buyer must con tract, at its own expe nse for the carriage of the goods from the n amed port of shipme nt, except where the con tract of carriage is made by the seller as provided for in A3 a). 買方必須自付費(fèi)用訂立自指定裝運(yùn)港運(yùn)輸貨物的合同，賣方按照A3 a)訂立了運(yùn)輸合同 時(shí)除外。 b) Contract of in sura nce 保險(xiǎn)合同 The buyer has no

28、obligati on to the seller to make a con tract of in sura nce. 買方?jīng)]有義務(wù)為賣方訂立保險(xiǎn)合同。 B4 Taki ng delivery 受領(lǐng)貨物 The buyer must take delivery of the goods whe n they have bee n delivered as en visaged in A4. 買方必須在賣方按照A4規(guī)定交貨時(shí)，受領(lǐng)貨物。 B5 Transfer of risks 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移 The buyer bears all risks of loss of or damage to th

29、e goods from the time they have bee n delivered as en visaged in A4. 買方必須承擔(dān)自按照 A4規(guī)定交貨之時(shí)起貨物滅失或損壞的一切風(fēng)險(xiǎn)； If a) the buyer fails to notify the nomination of a vessel in accordance with B7; or 如果買方未按照B7規(guī)定就指定的船只給予賣方相應(yīng)通知； b) the vessel nominated by the buyer fails to arrive on time to enable the seller to c

30、omply with A4, is unable to take the goods, or closes for cargo earlier than the time notified in accordance with B7; then, the buyer bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods: (i) from the agreed date, or in the abse nce of an agreed date, (ii) from the date no tified by the seller un der A

31、7 with in the agreed period, or, if no such date has been notified, (iii) from the expiry date of any agreed period for delivery, provided that the goods have bee n clearly ide ntified as the con tract goods. 或當(dāng)自約定的交貨日期或并未約定日期；自買方按照A7規(guī)定指定的約定期限內(nèi)的日期 起或買方并未指定該日期； 或自交貨期限屆滿之日起 (但以該項(xiàng)貨物已正式劃歸合同項(xiàng)下為 限)，買方指定的船

32、只未能按時(shí)到達(dá)致使賣方未能按照A4規(guī)定交貨，或未能接收貨物或較按 照B7通知的時(shí)間提早停止運(yùn)輸貨物，買方承擔(dān)貨物滅失或損壞的一切風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 B6 Allocatio n of costs 費(fèi)用劃分 The buyer must pay買方必須支付： a) all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered as envisaged in A4, except, where applicable, the costs of customs formalities n ecessary for export, a

33、s well as all duties, taxes and other charges payable upon export as referred to in A6 b); 自按照A4規(guī)定交貨之時(shí)起與貨物有關(guān)的一切費(fèi)用，以及在需要辦理海關(guān)手續(xù)時(shí)，貨物 出口所需辦理海關(guān)手續(xù)的費(fèi)用和按照A6 b)規(guī)定在貨物出口時(shí)應(yīng)交納的一切關(guān)稅、稅款和其 他費(fèi)用 b) any additi onal costs in curred, either because: (i) the buyer has failed to give appropriate notice in accordance with

34、B7, or (ii) the vessel nomin ated by the buyer fails to arrive on time, is un able to take the goods, or closes for cargo earlier than the time notified in accordance with B7, provided that the goods have bee n clearly ide ntified as the con tract goods; and 在買方未能按照B7規(guī)定給予賣方適當(dāng)通知，或買方指定的船只未能按時(shí)到達(dá)，或未能 接收

35、貨物，或較按照B7通知的時(shí)間提早停止運(yùn)輸貨物時(shí)，買方應(yīng)承擔(dān)所發(fā)生的一切額外費(fèi) 用，但以該項(xiàng)貨物已正式劃歸合同項(xiàng)下為限。 c) where applicable, all duties, taxes and other charges, as well as the costs of carry ing out customs formalities payable upon import of the goods and the costs for their tran sport through any coun try. 在需要辦理海關(guān)手續(xù)時(shí)，貨物進(jìn)口應(yīng)交納的一切關(guān)稅、稅款和其他費(fèi)用，以及

36、辦理海關(guān) 手續(xù)的費(fèi)用和從他國(guó)過(guò)境的費(fèi)用。 B7 Notices to the seller 通知賣方 The buyer must give the seller sufficie nt no tice of the vessel n ame, loadi ng point and, where n ecessary, the selected delivery time with in the agreed period. 買方必須就指定船只名稱、裝運(yùn)點(diǎn)和必要時(shí)約定期限內(nèi)的指定交貨時(shí)間給予賣方充分通 知。 B8 Proof of delivery 交貨證明 The buyer must ac