中譯英長句分譯法與綜合法

1、1 Division分譯 Modifiers in a long English sentence often consist of attributives, adverbials, attributive and adverbial clauses ect. If a modifier is too long to deal with, we can divide it into several parts, then translate them into Chinese clause. 2 What emerged from this realization was a new met

2、hod of planning and development in which designers learned that they first had to indentify the purpose and performance expectation before they could develop all the parts that made up the system as a whole. 在這一認(rèn)識的基礎(chǔ)上產(chǎn)生了一種計(jì)劃于開 發(fā)的新方法，該方法使設(shè)計(jì)人員明白必須 確定該系統(tǒng)的目的和預(yù)期功效，然后才可 以組成整個系統(tǒng)的各個部門。 3 上例詳解：本句的主語是“What em

3、erged from this realization ”，是一個主語從句； 表語部分當(dāng)中，“in which designersas a whole” 為限制性定語從句。在這個限制 性定語從句中還含有一個賓語從句“that they first as a whole”, 由連詞”that”引導(dǎo)， 作動詞“l(fā)earned”的賓語。而在這個賓語從 句中又有一個時間狀語從句，由連 詞”before”引導(dǎo)，其中從句的“that made up the system as a whole”意思是“組成整 個系統(tǒng)的”。 4 There are swift flowing rivers, slow, sl

4、uggish rivers, mighty rivers with several mouths, rivers that carry vast loads of alluvium(沖積土) to the sea, clear, limpid rivers, rivers that at some reasons of the year have very much more water than at others. 有的河水流湍急，有的河流速緩慢，有的 河出?？谟泻脦滋?，有的河帶著大量沖積 土入海，有的河清澈見底，有的河水量在 一年中的某些季節(jié)較少，而在某些季節(jié)卻 多得很。 5 exerc

5、ises 1.The idea of a fish being able to generate electricity strong enough to light small bulbs, even to run an electric motor, is almost unbelievable. 魚能發(fā)電，其能量足以點(diǎn)亮小電燈，甚至 能開動馬達(dá)，這簡直令人難以置信。 6 2.television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events, allow one to follow the latest develo

6、pments in science and politics, and offers an endless series of programmes which are both instructive and entertaining. 人們常說，通過電視可以了解時事，掌握 科學(xué)和政治的最新動態(tài)。從電視里還可以 看到層出不窮，既有教育意義又有娛樂性 的新節(jié)目。 7 Comprehensive use of different techniques 綜合譯法 如果有些長句用上述方法翻譯都不妥當(dāng)， 那么可按時間先后，或按邏輯順序，有順 有逆，主次分明地對全文進(jìn)行綜合處理。 對長句意義層次進(jìn)行分析

7、。弄清句中究竟 講了多少件事，將長句分解為語義相對完 整的單句，分析各個單句之間的語義邏輯 關(guān)系，然后用合乎漢語表達(dá)習(xí)慣的排列方 式對各個單句進(jìn)行重新組合。 8 漢語的順序是： 1. 先發(fā)生先說，后發(fā)生后說 2. 先說試試，后說評價 3. 先說因后說果 4. 先說條件后說推斷 5. 先說手段后說目的 6. 先說反面后說正面 9 As regards health, I have nothing useful to say since I have little experience of illness. I eat and drink whatever I like, and sleep w

8、hen I cannot keep awake. I never do anything whatever on the ground that it is good for health, though in actual fact the things I like doing are mostly wholesome. 談到健康問題，我就沒有什么可說的了， 因?yàn)槲覜]怎么生過病。我想吃什么就吃什 么，眼睛睜不開了就睡覺，從來不為身體 有益而搞什么活動，然而實(shí)際上我喜歡做 的事大都是有助于增進(jìn)身體健康的。 10 原句有三個分句，但譯文可并為兩句來表 明前后句是因果關(guān)系，第一句用順譯法第 三局

9、用逆譯法把原因說在前面。因此，本 句可采用綜合法翻譯。 11 It should be realized that when we assign a magnitude and direction to the velocity of a body, we are really expressing its velocity relative to something which is, for this particular purpose, imagined to be stationary. 應(yīng)當(dāng)認(rèn)識到，當(dāng)我們確定某一物體的速度 大小和方向時，實(shí)際上我們表示的是相對 于某一參考物的速度，

10、對于這一特定場合 來說，可以設(shè)想該參考物是靜止不動的。 12 這句可分為幾層意思：1.It should be realized. 2. that we are really expressing its velocity relative to something. 3. when we assign a magnitude and direction to the velocity of a body. 4. which is, for this particular purpose, imagined to be stationary. 這是主從復(fù)合句。第一句為主句， 第二句為主語從句，第三句為時間狀語從 句，說明第二句謂語行為發(fā)生的時間，第 四句為定語從句，修飾第二句的something。 13 exercise Energy is the currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only wh