2000-2013年考研英語(yǔ)完形填空真題和答案(英語(yǔ)一)57頁(yè)

1、2013年考研英語(yǔ)（一）真題 Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this

2、might seem like a strength that _1_ the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by _2_ factors. But Dr Simonton speculated that an inability to consider the big _3_ was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. _4_, he theorized that a judg

3、e _5_ of appearing too soft _6_crime might be more likely to send someone to prison _7_he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.To _8_this idea, they turned their attention to the university-admissions process. In theory, the _9_ of an applic

4、ant should not depend on the few others_10_ randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr Simonton suspected the truth was_11_.He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews _12_ by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had _13_ applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale _14_ numerous

5、factors into consideration. The scores were _15_ used in conjunction with an applicants score on the GMAT, a standardized exam which is _16_out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.Dr Simonton found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees

6、 was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one _17_ that, then the score for the next applicant would_18_ by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to_19_the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been _20_.1. A grants B

7、 submits C transmits D delivers2. A minor B external C crucial D objective3. A issue B vision C picture D moment4. A Above all B On average C In principle D For example5. A fond B fearful C capable D thoughtless6. A in B for C to D on7. A if B until C though D unless8. A. test B. emphasize C. share

8、D. promote9. A. decision B. quality C. status D. success10. A. found B. studied C. chosen D. identified11. A. otherwise B. defensible C. replaceable D. exceptional12. A. inspired B. expressed C. conducted D. secured13. A. assigned B. rated C. matched D. arranged14. A. put B. got C. took D. gave15. A

9、. instead B. then C. ever D. rather16. A. selected B. passed C. marked D. introduced17. A below B after C above D before18. A jump B float C fluctuate D drop19. A achieve B undo C maintain D disregard20. A necessary B possible C promising D helpful2013考研英語(yǔ)（一）答案Section I Use of English1【答案】A grants 【

10、解析】第一句提到“總體而言，當(dāng)人們自己做決定時(shí)，并不擅長(zhǎng)考慮背景信息?！钡诙漤樈由衔?，“乍一看這是一種優(yōu)勢(shì)”，that引起定語(yǔ)從句，這種優(yōu)勢(shì)使人們具有一種能力，即能夠做出不受外界因素影響的不帶偏見的決定。B選項(xiàng)submit “服從，提交”，不能與ability連用，C選項(xiàng)transmit “傳輸，發(fā)射”，也不能與ability 搭配，D選項(xiàng)deliver “傳遞”，同樣不能與ability搭配。A, C, D無(wú)論從搭配上還是意思上都不合適。A選項(xiàng)grant本身具有賦予，授予的意思。故答案選A。2【答案】D external 【解析】external外部因素和上文的background inf

11、ormation同義復(fù)現(xiàn)，不考慮背景信息，不受外界因素影響。A選項(xiàng)minor 次要的，B選項(xiàng)objective 客觀的，C選項(xiàng)crucial 殘酷的，D選項(xiàng)external 外部的，故答案選D。3【答案】C picture 【解析】第三題本句but引起句意轉(zhuǎn)折?！暗荴X推測(cè)不考慮大局會(huì)導(dǎo)致決策者被日常接觸的信息影響而帶有偏見。”首先注意到空前面有定冠詞the，指代上文信息，即不考慮背景信息、不考慮大環(huán)境。而大局，大環(huán)境的表達(dá)，此處選擇picture是最貼切的。A選項(xiàng) issue 問題，B選項(xiàng)vision 想象力，美景都不合適，故答案選C。4【答案】A For example 【解析】通讀后面

12、的句子，提到了法官與被告，這明顯是生活當(dāng)中的一個(gè)具體的實(shí)例，故答案選A。而B選項(xiàng) on average “平均，通?！保霈F(xiàn)的話，周圍往往應(yīng)該要出現(xiàn)數(shù)字。C選項(xiàng)in principle“大體上，原則上”，后面需要出現(xiàn)的是總結(jié)性的話語(yǔ)，D選項(xiàng)above all“首先”是用來(lái)列舉條目，將BCD排除。5【答案】B fearful 【解析】從句意上來(lái)看“例如，他們提出理論，認(rèn)為法官不敢在罪行面前表現(xiàn)得太軟弱，如果當(dāng)天已經(jīng)宣判五六名被告執(zhí)行緩刑，那么他很有可能將下一個(gè)人送入監(jiān)獄。A選項(xiàng)fond of 喜歡，B選項(xiàng) fear of 懼怕，C選項(xiàng)capable of 有能力，D選項(xiàng)thoughtless o

13、f 考慮不周，故答案選B。6【答案】B on 【解析】根據(jù)句內(nèi)的邏輯關(guān)系，在對(duì)待犯罪行為方面害怕表現(xiàn)出太軟弱，在。方面，關(guān)于。的表達(dá)應(yīng)該用介詞on，故答案為B。7【答案】A if 【解析】A if 表?xiàng)l件。B選項(xiàng) until 表時(shí)間，往往跟not連用，直接排除。C選項(xiàng)though表讓步，D選項(xiàng)unless 相當(dāng)于 if.not 。通讀空格所在的前后句子，得出這兩句之間的邏輯關(guān)系是表示條件的。8【答案】D test 【解析】首先注意到idea前面有定冠詞this，很明顯指代上文提出的觀點(diǎn)。而且跟上文以法官為例一樣，下文“他們把注意力轉(zhuǎn)向大學(xué)錄取過程”也是上文觀點(diǎn)的例證，目的是對(duì)上文的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)

14、，而不是A選項(xiàng)“促進(jìn)”，B選項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)調(diào)”或C選項(xiàng)“分享”，故答案選D。9【答案】D success 【解析】A選項(xiàng)decision“決定”，B 選項(xiàng)quality“質(zhì)量，品質(zhì)”，C選項(xiàng)status“地位”，D選項(xiàng)success“成功”。申請(qǐng)者的_不應(yīng)該取決于同一天隨機(jī)選到的其他幾名申請(qǐng)者。接著下文講到面試官面試MBA申請(qǐng)者的結(jié)果results，因此第9題應(yīng)該也有結(jié)果的意思，與下文結(jié)合是達(dá)到正面的結(jié)果，因此答案是即“申請(qǐng)者的成功”。其它選項(xiàng)帶入原文重疊答案，與原義不符合10【答案】A chosen 【解析】空格后面有一個(gè)副詞為randomly，隨機(jī)地，既然是隨機(jī)，那么選項(xiàng)B選項(xiàng)studied“研究

15、過的”，C選項(xiàng)found “找到的” D選項(xiàng)identified“經(jīng)鑒定的”就與randomly是相矛盾的，全部排除。11【答案】D otherwise【解析】本題解題關(guān)鍵在于but，通過suspect可以看出Dr. Simonton與前文意思相反，因此otherwise正好符合題意。12【答案】C conducted【解析】此外明顯缺一個(gè)過去分詞作interviews的定語(yǔ)，再看by后面的officers，只有conducted（執(zhí)行），符合語(yǔ)境，故為正確答案。13【答案】B rated【解析】本題末尾one to five（從一到五），前面又有一個(gè)on a scale（的范圍）, A分配，

16、D排列語(yǔ)義上說(shuō)不通，再綜合后面的factor（因素），對(duì)比一下，只有B（劃分等級(jí)），整合起來(lái)，即劃分成一到五個(gè)等級(jí)，合情合理C match看似與to搭配，但也不符合文意，故正確答案為B.14【答案】D took【解析】本題需聯(lián)系整句話，takeinto consideration（考慮，涉及），從形式上來(lái)說(shuō)沒有問題，再?gòu)囊饬x上來(lái)看，說(shuō)“這個(gè)等級(jí)考慮了幾種因素”，是對(duì)上文評(píng)級(jí)的進(jìn)一步解釋，也沒有問題。15【答案】B then【解析】還是承接上文講到的評(píng)級(jí)得分，后半句講到的是（平時(shí)學(xué)校等級(jí)）考試得分，再結(jié)合中間conjunction一詞（聯(lián)接），可以推斷為then（具有承接之意），因此為正確答案，

17、而A和D為同一意義和用法（代替），與conjunction相沖突，C說(shuō)不通，故也為錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。16【答案】C marked【解析】本題出在一個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句上，先行詞為a standardized exam, 后半句是800分，考試和分?jǐn)?shù)之間首選marked，選項(xiàng)B通過具有一定的干擾性，但注意主語(yǔ)是考試，所以正確選項(xiàng)為C。A為無(wú)關(guān)選項(xiàng)。17【答案】A before【解析】本句屬于比較級(jí)，對(duì)比的是幾個(gè)面試者的分?jǐn)?shù)，C、D是空間上的上下，而這里缺的時(shí)間上的先后，故排除C和D，B是“之后”，不符合語(yǔ)言先后邏輯，故正確答案為A.18【答案】C drop【解析】解本題需往下看，tothe effects

18、 of such a decrease, 由此可以判斷接下來(lái)那個(gè)應(yīng)聘者的分?jǐn)?shù)是出現(xiàn)了下降，故正確選項(xiàng)C. 19【答案】B undo【解析】該句為不定式作主語(yǔ)，“（面試考官可能給）更低的分?jǐn)?shù)”所帶來(lái)的影響，可以推斷，是消除或是抵消這種不利結(jié)果，應(yīng)聘者需要在GMAT中多拿30分，A “達(dá)到”，C “保持”D“漠視”明顯不符，故B為正確答案。20【答案】C necessary【解析】該題難度較大，需把句意弄懂，也就是“這30分是比所多的”建議把四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入空格處，A有前途的，B可能的，C必須的，D有幫助的，對(duì)比之后，只有C最合邏輯 2012年考研英語(yǔ)（一）試題Section I Use of E

19、nglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot _1_ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of la

20、w _2_ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that _3_ the courts reputation for being independent and impartial.Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the courts decisions will be

21、 _4_ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not _5_by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself _6_to the code of conduct that _7_to the rest of the federal judiciary.This and other similar cases _8_the question of whether there is still a _9_betwe

22、en the court and politics.The framers of the Constitution envisioned law _10_having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions _11_they would be free to _12_ those in power and have no need to _13_ political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from poli

23、tics precisely because they are so closely _14_.Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social _15_ like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it _16_ is inescapably political-which is why decisions split along

24、ideological lines are so easily _17_ as unjust.The justices must _18_ doubts about the courts legitimacy by making themselves _19_ to the code of conduct. That would make rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, _20_, convincing as law.1. Aemphasize Bmaintain Cmodify D recognize

25、2. Awhen Blest Cbefore D unless3. Arestored Bweakened Cestablished D eliminated4. Achallenged Bcompromised Csuspected D accepted5. Aadvanced Bcaught Cbound Dfounded6. Aresistant Bsubject Cimmune Dprone7. Aresorts Bsticks Cloads Dapplies8. Aevade Braise Cdeny Dsettle9. Aline Bbarrier Csimilarity Dcon

26、flict10. Aby Bas Cthough Dtowards11. Aso Bsince Cprovided Dthough12. Aserve Bsatisfy Cupset Dreplace13. Aconfirm Bexpress Ccultivate Doffer14. Aguarded Bfollowed Cstudied Dtied15. Aconcepts Btheories Cdivisions Dconceptions16. Aexcludes Bquestions Cshapes Dcontrols17. Adismissed Breleased Cranked Dd

27、istorted18. Asuppress Bexploit Caddress Dignore19. Aaccessible Bamiable Cagreeable Daccountable20. Aby all means Bat all costs Cin a word Das a result2012考研英語(yǔ)（一）答案 Section I 1.【答案】B【解析】從空后信息可以看出，這句表達(dá)的是“_ _法官表現(xiàn)得像政治家”的情況下，法庭就不能保持其作為法律法規(guī)的合法衛(wèi)士的形象，所以應(yīng)該選C, maintain“維持，保持”，其他顯然語(yǔ)義不通。2.【答案】A【解析】從第三段可以看出，文章認(rèn)為

28、法院和政治之間應(yīng)該是有界限的。所以這里應(yīng)該是當(dāng)法官像政治家一樣行事，模糊了二者之間的區(qū)別時(shí)，就失去了其作為法律衛(wèi)士的合法性。只有B，when表示這個(gè)意思。3.【答案】B【解析】第二段給的具體事例說(shuō)明，法官出現(xiàn)在政治活動(dòng)中會(huì)使法官形象受損，影響他們獨(dú)立、公正的名聲。只有B，weaken能表示這個(gè)意思。4.【答案】D【解析】空前信息顯示，法官出席政治活動(dòng)會(huì)讓法院的審判收到影響，人們就會(huì)認(rèn)為其審判不公正，所以選D，be accepted as.“被認(rèn)為是”。5.【答案】C【解析】空所在的語(yǔ)境為：產(chǎn)生這樣的問題，部分原因在于“法官?zèng)]有_ _道德規(guī)范”。后一句話說(shuō)，至少法院應(yīng)該遵守行為規(guī)范，這顯然是進(jìn)一

29、步說(shuō)明上一句話。所以上一句是說(shuō)法官?zèng)]有受到道德規(guī)范的約束，選C，bound。6.【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)解析5可以看出，這里應(yīng)該是說(shuō)遵守行為規(guī)范，subject與to連用，表示“服從某物，受支配”。故本題選B。7.【答案】D【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里是由that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾說(shuō)明前面的行為規(guī)范，是說(shuō)法院也應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守適用于其他聯(lián)邦司法部的行為規(guī)范。apply to “適用于”符合題意。resort to “求助于”;stick to “堅(jiān)持(原則等)”語(yǔ)意不通。8.【答案】B【解析】空所在的語(yǔ)境為，類似這樣的案例提出了這樣一個(gè)問題：法院和政治之間是否還存在著界限。提出問題，產(chǎn)生問題用只能選r

30、aise。9.【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)第8題可知，空內(nèi)應(yīng)填line，“界限”。 barrier “障礙”，similarity“相似性”，conflict“沖突”都不合題意。10.【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)句意，憲法的起草者們預(yù)想的是將司法從政治中分出來(lái)，讓其享有獨(dú)立的權(quán)力。envision as “將想象成”。所以選B。11.【答案】A【解析】本題考察邏輯搭配。本選項(xiàng)答案的確定需結(jié)合前句意思，制憲者旨在使法律不受政治的任何影響，這樣一來(lái)，法官就可以免受掌權(quán)者的影響了。此空就是考察由此所帶來(lái)的結(jié)果，故選A。12.【答案】C【解析】此題承接上題，可知法律不受政治的影響，從而法官也不用擔(dān)心掌權(quán)者(tho

31、se in power)。13.【答案】C【解析】此題承接上題, 結(jié)合句意, 可知該半句主要表達(dá)“法官也無(wú)需政治支持了?！边x項(xiàng)C最符題意。14.【答案】D【解析】此題考察詞意辨析。原句表達(dá)“我們的法律體系是法律完全不受政治的影響，是因?yàn)檫@兩者是緊密。”。結(jié)合句意思，D最合題意.15.【答案】A【解析】此題考察詞意辨析。文中說(shuō)“憲法具有政治性，是因其的選擇都是植根于諸如自由，財(cái)產(chǎn)之類的基本社會(huì)。中?！弊杂?，財(cái)產(chǎn)是西方社會(huì)的一些基本社會(huì)理念或概念，故選A。16.【答案】C【解析】此題考察詞意辨析。首先分析該句，可知空白處添加上一動(dòng)詞可構(gòu)成一定語(yǔ)從句，限定“the law”。其次，文中語(yǔ)境表達(dá)“當(dāng)法

32、律處理社會(huì)政策決策問題時(shí)，。的法律不可避免的具有政治性。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，C為最佳答案。17.【答案】A【解析】此題考察詞意辨析。可由文中語(yǔ)境得知，該半句主要表達(dá)“這也就解釋了為何背離思想路線的決策被看作是不公正的，從而被輕易的.”。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，以及四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思，可知A最佳。18.【答案】C【解析】此題考察詞意辨析。由文中語(yǔ)境可知該句主要表達(dá)“法官必須。有關(guān)法庭(裁決的)公正合理的質(zhì)疑。”四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，僅C符合題意。19.【答案】D【解析】本題考察短語(yǔ)搭配及相似短語(yǔ)辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均可與連用，其中accessible to 易接近的;可歸屬的;可得到的可歸因的amiable to可親，多指人和藹可親，易

33、于接近agreeable to欣然同意的;適合的，適宜的accountable to對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)此題的理解需承接整個(gè)句, 首先此空所在后半句乃一方式狀語(yǔ)，承接前半句說(shuō)明法官怎樣來(lái)解決有關(guān)法庭(裁決的)公正合理的質(zhì)疑。將此四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入，可得出正確答案D，法官只有對(duì)對(duì)行為準(zhǔn)則負(fù)責(zé)，也即是遵循一定的行為準(zhǔn)則才可確保其裁決的公正與合理。20.【答案】D【解析】此題考察邏輯搭配。此句承接上句，旨在說(shuō)明由此帶來(lái)的結(jié)果，也即是文中所說(shuō)的“。使得裁決看起來(lái)完全不受政治的影響，如法律一般令人信服?！?結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)意思，可知選D。2011考研英語(yǔ)(一)試題 Section I Use of English Dire

34、ctions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.” But _1_some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influenc

35、e on physical fitness Laughter does _2_short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, _3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to _4_, a good laugh is unlikely to have _5_benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does._6_, instead of strain

36、ing muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the _7_, studies dating back to the 1930s indicate that laughter_8_ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _9_the effects of psychological

37、 stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of _10_ feedback, that improve an individuals emotional state. _11_one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted _12_ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry _1

38、3_they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow.Although sadness also _14_ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow _15_ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of wrzburg in Germany asked volunteers to _16_ a p

39、en either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile or with their lips, which would produce a(n) _17_ expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles _18_ more exuberantly to funny cartons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, _19_ that expressions may influe

40、nce emotions rather than just the other way around _20_ , the physical act of laughter could improve mood.1Aamong Bexcept Cdespite Dlike2Areflect Bdemand Cindicate Dproduce3Astabilizing Bboosting Cimpairing Ddetermining4Atransmit Bsustain Cevaluate Dobserve5Ameasurable Bmanageable Caffordable Drenew

41、able6AIn turn BIn fact CIn addition DIn brief7Aopposite Bimpossible Caverage Dexpected8Ahardens Bweakens Ctightens Drelaxes9Aaggravate Bgenerate Cmoderate Denhance10Aphysical Bmental Csubconscious Dinternal11AExcept for B According to C Due to D As for12Awith Bon Cin Dat13Aunless Buntil Cif Dbecause

42、14Aexhausts Bfollows Cprecedes Dsuppresses15Ainto Bfrom Ctowards Dbeyond16Afetch Bbite Cpick Dhold17Adisappointed Bexcited Cjoyful Dindifferent18Aadapted Bcatered Cturned Dreacted19Asuggesting Brequiring Cmentioning Dsupposing20AEventually BConsequently CSimilarly DConversely2011考研英語(yǔ)（一）答案 Section I

43、Use of English1-5 CDBBA 6-10 BADCA 11-15 BCDCB 16-20 DADAC1.C解析：語(yǔ)義邏輯題。第一句含義是“古希臘哲學(xué)家亞里士多德把笑看作是“有益于身體健康的寶貴鍛煉”，第二句意思是“但是 一些人提出相反的意見，輕笑可能對(duì)身體健康影響極小”，兩句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C選項(xiàng)表轉(zhuǎn)折“盡管”，故是正確選項(xiàng)。2.D解析：語(yǔ)義辨析題。上下文語(yǔ)境是“笑確實(shí)能 短期的改變”。A. reflect“反映”，B. demand“要求”，C. indicate“表明，暗示”，D. produce“產(chǎn)生”，只有D 選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，所以是正確答案。3

44、.B解析：語(yǔ)義搭配題。文中提到“笑能夠 心律呼吸速率?！?A. stabilizing 意思是“安定，穩(wěn)定”，B. boosting“促進(jìn)，推進(jìn)”，C. impairing“損害，削弱”，D. determining“決定”，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境應(yīng)該是“笑能夠促進(jìn)心律呼吸速率”，B為正確答案。4.B解析：語(yǔ)義辨析題。這句話意思是“但是因?yàn)榇笮茈y ，一次狂笑不可能”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義分別是 A. transmit “傳播”，B. sustain“維持”，C. evaluate“評(píng)估”，D. observe“觀察”，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，只有B. sustain符合語(yǔ)境。5.A解析：語(yǔ)義辨析題。這句話意思是“一次狂笑不可

45、能像比如走路或者慢跑那樣對(duì)心血管功能產(chǎn)生 益處?！?A. measurable“重大的，重要的”，B. manageable“易控制的”，C. affordable“負(fù)擔(dān)得起的”，D. renewable“可再生的”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中能和“益處”搭配的只有A. measurable，故是正確答案。6.B解析：邏輯分析題。第二段第一句是說(shuō)“其他的鍛煉可以拉緊增強(qiáng)肌肉，很顯然笑確是起到了作用”，對(duì)上文有承接還有轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，A. In turn 意思是“輪流”，C. In addition是“另外”，D. In brief 意思是“簡(jiǎn)而言之”，都不符合語(yǔ)境，只有B. In fact“事實(shí)上”符合上下文語(yǔ)境

46、，是正確選項(xiàng)。7.A解析：語(yǔ)義邏輯題。第二段第二句的意思是說(shuō)“笑可以放松肌肉，在狂笑平息之后45分鐘內(nèi)會(huì)降低肌肉張力”，跟上文中的“其他的鍛煉可以拉緊增強(qiáng)肌肉”是相反的關(guān)系，所以A. opposite是正確選項(xiàng)。8.D解析：語(yǔ)義搭配題?？崭袂昂竺媸恰靶?肌肉”，A. hardens“使變硬”，B. weakens“減少”，C. tightens“是變緊”，D. relaxes“放松”，因?yàn)樯衔奶岬搅恕捌渌腻憻捒梢岳o增強(qiáng)肌肉，很顯然笑確實(shí)起到了相反的作用”?！袄o”的反義詞只有D. relaxes，故正確。9.C解析：語(yǔ)義搭配題。這句話的意思是“這樣的身體放松可能會(huì)幫助 心理緊張狀態(tài)的影響。

47、” A. aggravate“加劇，惡化”，B. generate“使形成，發(fā)生”，C. moderate“節(jié)制，減輕”，D. enhance“增加”，根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境，只能是“減輕心理壓力”，故C是正確選項(xiàng)。10.A解析：語(yǔ)義邏輯題。這句話的意思是“笑的行為畢竟可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生其他形式的 反饋來(lái)提高個(gè)體的情緒狀態(tài)。”其中提到“笑的行為”，它是一種身體上的行為，后面提到“其他 反饋”，應(yīng)該是和“笑”相呼應(yīng)的，故正確選項(xiàng)是A。11.B解析：詞義辨析題。根據(jù)已知信息推測(cè)，應(yīng)該是“根據(jù)一個(gè)經(jīng)典的情緒理論，”A. Except for表示“除了”，它引出一個(gè)與前面的詞相反的原因或者事例； B. Accordi

48、ng to“根據(jù)， 按照”，表示依據(jù)，后面常跟表示理論、思想之類的詞，是正確答案。C. Due to“由于，因?yàn)椤?后面跟一般原因，D. As for“至于，就方面說(shuō)”用以轉(zhuǎn)換話題和表現(xiàn)態(tài)度，故排除。12.C解析：固定搭配題。be rooted in是固定詞組表示“來(lái)源于”be rooted跟其它選項(xiàng)不搭配使用，故排除。13.D解析：邏輯關(guān)系題。這句話的意思是“人們不會(huì) 他們傷心而哭，但當(dāng)開始流淚時(shí)他們才變得傷心。”傷心和哭之間是因果關(guān)系，所以答案應(yīng)該是D. because。14.C解析：詞義辨析/語(yǔ)義邏輯題。解題關(guān)鍵although。although表示假設(shè)，讓步。由上文提到當(dāng)人們流淚時(shí)才覺

49、得傷心可知，傷心在流淚之后。這里要說(shuō)另一種情況“傷心也會(huì)在流淚之前”而A. exhausts“使筋疲力盡；使疲憊不堪”，B. follows “跟隨” C. precedes“先于，表示在之前發(fā)生(或出現(xiàn))”；D. suppresses“壓制；阻止；抑制”，語(yǔ)義不符。15.B解析：詞義辨析題。由已知信息可知原文要表達(dá)“證據(jù)顯示情緒是肌肉反映的結(jié)果”A. into“進(jìn)入中， 到里” B. from “來(lái)自”表原因，符合表達(dá)需要，故為正確答案。C. towards向， 朝 D. beyond “超出，超過”意思不符合，故排除。16.D解析：詞義辨析題。A. fetch“取來(lái)”，B. bite“咬，

50、 ?！保?C. pick“采， 摘”， D. hold“拿， 抱， 握住”，根據(jù)上下文信息可知該實(shí)驗(yàn)要求志愿者用牙咬住或者用嘴含住一支筆。hold的意思最符合。17.A解析：詞義辨析/語(yǔ)義邏輯題。由已知信息“用嘴含住一支筆”推測(cè)，這個(gè)動(dòng)作會(huì)產(chǎn)生一種失望的表情 A. disappointed“失望的”意思最符合，B. excited “興奮的”，C. joyful“快樂的”，D. indifferent“漠不關(guān)心的”都不符合語(yǔ)境，故排除。18.D解析：詞義辨析題。A. adapted to“變得習(xí)慣于, 使適應(yīng)于”，B. catered to “迎合，滿足某種需要或要求”，C. turnedto

51、“轉(zhuǎn)向”，D. reacted to“對(duì)作出反應(yīng)”，根據(jù)原文表達(dá)需要“在觀看有趣的動(dòng)畫片時(shí)”此處正確選項(xiàng)是D. reacted to。19.A解析：詞義辨析題。根據(jù)前文信息，由前面的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果“那些被強(qiáng)制鍛煉笑肌的人比那些嘴唇皺著表情失望的人在觀看有趣的動(dòng)畫片時(shí)反應(yīng)更加豐富”，我們可以推斷出一個(gè)結(jié)論A. suggesting表明，后接結(jié)論的句子，符合要求，故為正確答案。B. requiring “需要，要求”， C. mentioning “提到”，D. supposing“假定， 假設(shè)”都不符合上下文語(yǔ)境，故排除。20.C解析：邏輯分析題。上文提到了“表情而不是其他的方式可能會(huì)影響情緒”，后文

52、又提到了“笑的生理行為可以使心情好轉(zhuǎn)”，前后句解釋的是同一種情況。A. Eventually和B. Consequently，都是作為“總結(jié)”的副詞，D. Conversely表示“相反”，只有 C. Similarly“相似的是”，符合上下文邏輯，是正確選項(xiàng)。 2010年考研英語(yǔ)（一）試題Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 p

53、oints)In 1924 Americas National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting _1_ workers productivity. Instead, the studies ended 2_ giving their name to the Hawthorne effect, the extremely influential idea th