公路工程專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯翻譯(漢英)

1、公路 highway道路 road公路工程 highway engineering公路網(wǎng) highway network公路網(wǎng)密度 highway density公路等級(jí) highway classification公路自然區(qū)劃 climatic zoning for highway公路用地 highway right-of-way高速公路 freeway等級(jí)公路 classified highway輔導(dǎo) relief road干線公路 arterial highway支線公路 feeder highway專(zhuān)用公路 accomodation highway國(guó)家干線公路(國(guó)道) national

2、 trunk highway省級(jí)干線公路(省道) provincial trunk highway縣公路(縣道) county road鄉(xiāng)公路(鄉(xiāng)道) township road輻射式公路 radial highway環(huán)形公路 ring highway繞行公路 bypass交通結(jié)構(gòu) traffic structure交通組成 traffic composition混合交通 mixed traffic交通流 traffic flow 交通流理論 traffic flow theory車(chē)流 vehicle stream交通密度 traffic density車(chē)頭間距 space headway車(chē)頭

3、時(shí)距 time headway車(chē)間凈距 vehicular gap延誤 delay地點(diǎn)速度 spot speed行駛速度 running speed運(yùn)行速度 poerating speed臨界速度 critical speed平均速度 average speed計(jì)算行車(chē)速度(設(shè)計(jì)車(chē)速) design speed交通量 traffic volume年平均日交通量 annual average daily traffic月平均日交通量 monthly average daily traffic年第30位最大小時(shí)交通量 thirtieth highest annual hourly volume年最

4、大小時(shí)交通量 maximum annual hourly設(shè)計(jì)小時(shí)交通量 design hourly volume通行能力 traffic capacity基本通行能力 basic traffic capacity可能通行能力 possible traffic capacity設(shè)計(jì)通行能力 design traffic capacity道路服務(wù)水平 level of service公路交通規(guī)劃 traffic planning交通調(diào)查 traffic survey交通量調(diào)查 traffic volume survey交通量觀測(cè)站 traffic volume observation statio

5、n 起迄點(diǎn)調(diào)查(OD調(diào)查) origin-destination study出行 trip境內(nèi)交通 local traffic過(guò)境交通 through traffic交通發(fā)生 traffic generation交通分布 traffic distribution交通分配 traffic assignment交通預(yù)測(cè) traffic prognosis行車(chē)道 carriageway分離式行車(chē)道 divided carriageway車(chē)道 lane變速車(chē)道 speed-change lane加速車(chē)道 acceleration lane減速車(chē)道 deceleration lane爬坡車(chē)道 climb

6、ing lane停車(chē)道 parking lane錯(cuò)車(chē)道 turn-out lane自行車(chē)道 cycle path 路側(cè)人行道 sidewalk分隔帶 lane seperator中央分隔帶 median divider中間帶 central strip路肩 shoulder;verge路緣帶 marginal strip路緣石 kerb;curb側(cè)向余寬 lateral clearance路拱 camber;crown路拱橫坡 crown slope公路建筑限界 clearance of highway公路路線 highway route公路線形 highway alignment平面線形 h

7、orizontal alignment縱面線形 vertical alignment線形要素 alignment elements平曲線 horizontal curve極限最小平曲線半徑 limited minimum radius of horizontal curve復(fù)曲線 compound curve反向曲線 reverse curve斷背曲線 broken-back curve回頭曲線 switch-back curve緩和曲線 transition curve豎曲線 vertical curve彎道加寬 curve widening加寬緩和段 transition zone of

8、curve超高 superelevation超高緩和段 supere levation runoff縱坡 longitudinal gradient最大縱坡 maximum longitudinal gradient最小縱坡 minimum ongitudinal gradient變坡點(diǎn) grade change point平均縱坡 average gradiant坡長(zhǎng)限制 grade length limitation高原縱坡拆減 highland grade compensation緩和坡段 transition grading zone合成坡度 resultant gradent視距 s

9、ight distance停車(chē)視距 non-passing sight distance;stopping sight distance超車(chē)視距 passing sight distance道路交叉 road intersection;道口 railroad grade crossing平面交叉 at-grade intersection ;grade crossing正交叉 right-angle intersection斜交叉 skew intersection環(huán)形交叉 rotary intersection十字形交叉 “+”intersectionT形交叉 T intersection錯(cuò)

10、位交叉 offset intersection;staggered junctionY形交叉 Y intersection立體交叉 grade separation分離式立體交叉 simple grade separation,separate grade crossing互通式立體交叉 interchange首蓿葉形立體交叉 full cloverleaf interchange部分首蓿葉形立體交叉 cloverleaf interchange菱形立體交叉 diamond interchange定向式立體交叉 directional interchange喇叭形立體交叉 three-leg

11、interchange環(huán)形立體交叉 rotary interchange匝道 ramp交叉口 road crossing; intersection交叉口進(jìn)口 intersection entrance交叉口出口 intersection exit加鋪轉(zhuǎn)角式交叉口 intersection with widened corners拓寬路口式交叉口 flared intersection 分道轉(zhuǎn)彎式交叉口 channelized intersection渠化交通 channelization交織 weaving交織路段 weaving section合流 converging分流 divergi

12、ng沖突點(diǎn) conflict point交通島 traffic island導(dǎo)流島 channe lization island中心島 central island安全島 refuge island沿線設(shè)施 roadside facilities交通安全設(shè)施 traffic safety device人行橫道 crosswalk人形地道 pedestrian underpass人形天橋 pedestrian overcrossing護(hù)欄 guard fence防護(hù)柵 guard fence,safety barrier遮光柵 anti-dizzling screen應(yīng)急電話 emergency

13、 telephone反光標(biāo)志 reflective sign反光路鈕 reflective button彎道反光鏡 traffic mirror道路交通標(biāo)志 road traffic sign警告標(biāo)志 warning sign禁令標(biāo)志 regulatory sign指示標(biāo)志 guide sign指路標(biāo)志 information sign輔助標(biāo)志 auxiliary sign可變信息標(biāo)志 changeable message sign路面標(biāo)線 pavement marking防雪設(shè)施 snow protection facilities防沙設(shè)施 sands protection faciliti

14、es隔音墻 acoustic barrier停車(chē)場(chǎng) parking area踏勘 reconnaissance可行性研究 feasibility study線形設(shè)計(jì) highway alignment design公路景觀設(shè)計(jì) highway landscape design選線 route selection路線控制點(diǎn) control point定線 location比較線 alternative line展線 line development初測(cè) preliminary survey定測(cè) location survey地貌 topographie fcature地物 culture地形 t

15、opography臺(tái)地 terrace埡口 pass; saddle back平原區(qū) plain terrain微丘區(qū) rolling terrain重丘區(qū) hilly terrain山嶺區(qū) mountainous terrain沿溪線 valley line山脊線 ridge line山坡線 hill-side line越嶺線 ridge crossing line土方調(diào)配 cut-fill transition土方調(diào)配圖 cut-fill transition program土方調(diào)配經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)距 economical hauling distance導(dǎo)線 traverse導(dǎo)線測(cè)量 traver

16、se survey中線 center line中線測(cè)量 center line survey施工測(cè)量 construction survey竣工測(cè)量 final survey(路線)平面圖 plan交點(diǎn) intersection point虛交點(diǎn) imaginary intersection point轉(zhuǎn)點(diǎn) turning point轉(zhuǎn)角 intersection angle方位角 azimuth angle象限角 bearing方向角 direction angle切線長(zhǎng) tangent length曲線長(zhǎng) curve length外（矢）距 external secant測(cè)站 instru

17、ment station測(cè)點(diǎn) observation point中樁 center stake加樁 additional stake護(hù)樁 reference stake斷鏈 broken chainage水準(zhǔn)測(cè)量 levelling survey水準(zhǔn)點(diǎn) bench mark絕對(duì)基面 absolute datum高程 elevation地面高程 ground elevation設(shè)計(jì)高程 designed elevation(路線)縱斷面圖 profile中樁填挖高度 cut and fill at center stake地形測(cè)量 topographic survey基線 base line地形

18、圖 topographic map等高線 contour line橫斷面測(cè)量 cross-sectional survey橫斷面圖 cross-section坑探 pit test 鉆探 boring攝影測(cè)量 photogrammetry航空攝影測(cè)量 aerial photogrammetry地面立體攝影測(cè)量 ground stereophoto grammetry地面控制點(diǎn)測(cè)量 ground control-point survey航攝基線 aerophoto base 影像地圖 photographic map像片索引圖(鑲輯復(fù)照?qǐng)D) photo index航攝像片判讀 aerophoto

19、 interpretation 綜合法測(cè)圖 planimatric photo全能法測(cè)圖 universal photo 微分法測(cè)圖 differential photo像片鑲嵌圖 photo mosaic路基 subgrade路堤 embankment路塹 cutting 半填半挖式路基 part cut-partfill subgrade臺(tái)口式路基 benched subgrade路基寬度 width of subgrade路基設(shè)計(jì)高程 design elevation of subgrade（路基）最小填土高度 minimum height of fill邊坡 side slope邊坡坡

20、度 grade of side slope （邊）坡頂 top of slope（邊）坡腳 toe of slope護(hù)坡道 berm邊坡平臺(tái) plain stage of slope碎落臺(tái) berm at the foot of cutting slope護(hù)坡 slope protection擋土墻 retaining wall重力式擋土墻 gravity retaining wall橫重式擋土墻 balance weight retaining wall 懸臂式擋土墻 cantilever retaining wall扶壁式擋土墻 counterfort retaining wall柱板式擋

21、土墻 column-plate retaining wall錨桿式擋土墻 anchored retaining wall by tie rods錨碇板式擋土墻 anchored bulkhead retaining wall石籠 rock filled gabion拋石 riprap路基排水 subgrade drainage邊溝 side ditch截水溝 intercepting ditch排水溝 drainage ditch急流槽 chute跌水 drop water蒸發(fā)池 evaporation pond盲溝 blind drain滲水井 seepage well透水路堤 permea

22、ble embankment過(guò)水路面 ford填方 fill挖方 cut借土 borrow earth棄土 waste取土坑 borrow pit棄土堆 waste bank回填土 back-filling黃土 loess軟土 soft soil淤泥 mud泥沼 moor泥炭 peat鹽漬土 salty soil膨脹土 expansive soil凍土 frozen soil流砂 quicksand軟弱地基 soft ground強(qiáng)夯法 dynamic consolidation預(yù)壓法 preloading method 反壓護(hù)道 loading berm砂井 sand drain路基沙墊層

23、sand mat of subgrade壓實(shí) compaction壓實(shí)度 degree of compaction(標(biāo)準(zhǔn))最大干容重 maximum dry unit weight相對(duì)密實(shí)度 relative density毛細(xì)水 capillary water土石方爆破 blasting crater拋擲爆破 blasting for throwing rock爆破漏斗 blasting crater松動(dòng)爆破 blasting for loosening rock爆破作用圈 acting cire les of blasting路面 pavement彈性層狀體系理論 elastic mult

24、ilayer theory(回彈)彎沉 deflection加州承載比(CBR) California bearing ratio(CBR)路面寬度 width of pavement路槽 road trough 剛性路面 rigid pavement柔性路面 flexible pavement路面結(jié)構(gòu)層 pavement structure layer面層 surface course磨耗層 wearing course聯(lián)結(jié)層 binder course基層 base course墊層 bed course隔水層 aquitard隔溫層 thermal insulating course封層

25、 seal coat透層 prime coat保護(hù)層 protection course補(bǔ)強(qiáng)層 streng thening layer高級(jí)路面 high type pavement次高級(jí)路面 sub-high type pavement中級(jí)路面 intermediate type pavement低級(jí)路面 low type pavement水泥混凝土路面 cement concrete pavement瀝青路面 bituminous pavement瀝青混凝土路面 bituminous concrete pavement 瀝青碎石路面 bituminous macadam pavement瀝

26、青貫入碎(礫)石路面 bituminous penetration pavement瀝青表面處治 bituminous surface treatment塊料路面 block pavement石塊路面 stone block pavement泥結(jié)碎石路面 clay-bound macadam pavement水結(jié)碎石路面 water-bound macadam pavement級(jí)配路面 graded aggregate pavement穩(wěn)定土基層 stabilized soil base course工業(yè)廢渣基層 industrial waste base course塊石基層 telford

27、 base層鋪法 spreading in layers拌和法 mixing method廠拌法 plant mixing method路拌法 road mixing method熱拌法 hot mixing method冷拌法 cold mixing method貫入法 penetration method鋪砌法 pitching method縮縫 contraction joint脹縫 expansion joint真縫 true joint假縫 dummy joint橫縫 transverse joint縱縫 longitudinal joint施工縫 construction join

28、t傳力桿 dowel bar拉桿 tie bar路面平整度 surface evenness路面粗糙度 surface roughness路面摩擦系數(shù) friction coefficient of pavement附著力 adhesive force水滑現(xiàn)象 hydroplaning phenomenon 橋梁 bridge公路橋 highway bridge公鐵兩用橋 highway and rail transit bridge人形橋 pedestrian bridge跨線橋 overpass bridge高架橋 viaduct永久性橋 permanent bridge半永久性橋 sem

29、i-permanent bridge臨時(shí)性橋 temporary bridge鋼筋混凝土橋 reinforced concrete bridge預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土橋 prestressed concrete bridge鋼橋 steel bridge圬工橋 masonry bridge木橋 timber bridge正交橋 right bridge斜交橋 skew bridge彎橋 curved bridge坡橋 bridge on slope斜橋 skew bridge正橋 right bridge上承式橋 deck bridge中承式橋 half-through bridge下承式橋 throu

30、gh bridge梁橋 beam bridge簡(jiǎn)支梁橋 simple supported team bridge連續(xù)梁橋 continuous beam bridge懸臂梁橋 cantilever beam bridge聯(lián)合梁橋 composite beam bridge板橋 slab bridge拱橋 arch bridge雙曲拱橋 two-way curved arch bridge空腹拱橋 open spandrel arch bridge實(shí)腹拱橋 filled spandrel arch bridge系桿拱橋 bowstring arch bridge桁架橋 truss bridge鋼

31、構(gòu)橋 rigid frame bridgeT形鋼構(gòu)橋 T-shaped rigid frame bridge連續(xù)鋼構(gòu)橋 continuous rigid frame bridge 斜腿鋼構(gòu)橋 rigid frame bridge with inclined legs 斜拉橋(斜張橋) cable stayed bridge懸索橋 suspension bridge漫水橋 submersible bridge浮橋 pontoon bridge開(kāi)啟橋 movable bridge裝配式橋 fabricated bridge裝拆式鋼橋 fabricated steel bridge涵洞 culver

32、t管涵 pipe culvert拱涵 arch culvert箱涵 box culvert蓋板涵 slab culvert無(wú)壓力式涵洞 non-pressure culvert壓力式涵洞 pressure culvert半壓力式涵洞 partial pressure culvert倒虹吸涵 siphon culvert上部結(jié)構(gòu) superstructure主梁 main beam橫梁 floor beam縱梁 longitudinal beam,stringer掛梁 suspended beam拱圈 arch,ring拱上結(jié)構(gòu) spandrel structure腹拱 spandrel arc

33、h拱上側(cè)墻 spandrel wall橋面系 floor system,bridge decking橋面鋪裝 bridge deck pavement伸縮縫 expansion and contraction joint橋面伸縮裝置bridge floor expansion and contraction installation 安全帶 afety belt橋頭搭板 transition slab at bridge head下部結(jié)構(gòu) substructure橋墩 pier墩身 pier body墩帽 coping 蓋梁 bent cap破冰體 ice apron重力式橋墩 gravity

34、 pier實(shí)體橋墩 solid pier空心橋墩 hollow pier柱式橋墩 column pier排架樁墩 pile bent pier柔性墩 flexible pier制動(dòng)墩 braking pier單向推力墩 single direction thrusted pier橋臺(tái) abutment臺(tái)身 abutment body前墻 front wall翼墻 wing walls臺(tái)帽 coping錐坡 conical slope耳墻 wing wallsU形橋臺(tái) U-shaped abutment八字形橋臺(tái) flare wing wall abutment一字形橋臺(tái) head wall a

35、butment,straight abutment重力式橋臺(tái) gravity abutment埋置式橋臺(tái) buried abutment扶壁式橋臺(tái) counterforted abutment錨錠板式橋臺(tái) anchored bulkhead abutment支撐式橋臺(tái) supported type abutment地基 subsoil加固地基 consolidated subsoil天然地基 natural subsoil基礎(chǔ) foundation擴(kuò)大基礎(chǔ) spread foundation沉井基礎(chǔ) open caission foundation管柱基礎(chǔ) cylindrical shaft

36、foundation樁基礎(chǔ) pile poundation樁 pile預(yù)制樁 precast pile就地灌注樁 cast-in-place concrete pile摩擦樁 friction pile支承樁 bearing pile承臺(tái) bearing platform支座 bearing固定支座 fixed bearing活動(dòng)支座 expansion bearing索塔 cable bent tower索鞍 cable saddle調(diào)治構(gòu)造物 regulating structure丁壩 spur dike順壩 longitudinal dam橋位 bridge site橋梁全長(zhǎng) tota

37、l length of bridge主橋 main bridge引橋 approach span跨徑 span橋涵計(jì)算跨徑 computed span橋涵凈跨徑 clear span矢跨比 rise span ratio計(jì)算矢高 calculated rise of arch橋下凈空 clearance of span橋面凈空 clearance above bridge floor橋梁建筑高度 construction height of bridge荷載 load永久荷載 permanent load可變荷載 variable load偶然荷載 accidental load荷載組合 loading combinations車(chē)輛荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn) loading standard for design vchicle設(shè)計(jì)荷載 design load施工荷載 construction load梁 beam簡(jiǎn)支梁 simple-supported beam連續(xù)梁 continuous beam懸臂梁 cantilever beam板 slab拱 arch桁架 truss剛構(gòu) rigid frame柱 column強(qiáng)度 strength剛度 stiffness ,rigidity抗裂度