2013年全國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)博士外語(yǔ)統(tǒng)一考試解析

1、20132013年全國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)博士外語(yǔ)統(tǒng)一年全國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)博士外語(yǔ)統(tǒng)一 考試英語(yǔ)試題講解及考場(chǎng)點(diǎn)睛考試英語(yǔ)試題講解及考場(chǎng)點(diǎn)睛 承雨承雨 JACKY 2014-1-15 聽(tīng)力解題技巧聽(tīng)力解題技巧 1.劃出關(guān)鍵詞并預(yù)判劃出關(guān)鍵詞并預(yù)判 2.對(duì)比分析對(duì)比分析 3.排除法排除法 4.重點(diǎn)聽(tīng)回答句，答案就在回答句里面重點(diǎn)聽(tīng)回答句，答案就在回答句里面 5.注意聽(tīng)同義詞替換注意聽(tīng)同義詞替換 / 同義詞轉(zhuǎn)述同義詞轉(zhuǎn)述 6.帶有絕對(duì)性詞語(yǔ)的選項(xiàng)一定是錯(cuò)的帶有絕對(duì)性詞語(yǔ)的選項(xiàng)一定是錯(cuò)的 7.數(shù)字題：數(shù)字題：thirteen/thirty; eighteen/eighty . 2013年真題聽(tīng)力年真題聽(tīng)力 Conversat

2、ion 1 Conversation 1 M: Whats the matter with this little boy? W: He has a chesty cough all the time. His temperature is high. And he keeps telling me he wants to be sick. M: Does he bring anything upbring anything up? W: No, because he has been off his food for the past two days. He just brings upb

3、rings up (嘔吐) bilebile (膽汁). Q: Which of the following is not the boys symptom? Conversation 2Conversation 2 W: Good afternoon, doctor. I have a terrible headache. Yesterday I had a runny noserunny nose. Now my nose is stuffed upis stuffed up. M: Let me give you an examination. First, let me have a

4、look at your throat. Ok, now let me examine your chest. Do you have a history of tuberculosistuberculosis? W: No, I dont think so. M: Your throat is inflamed and your tongue your tongue is thickly coatedis thickly coated. You have all the symptoms of influenza. Q: What is the woman suffering from? C

5、onversation 3Conversation 3 W: What are you looking for? M: My laptop. I cant find it in my bag or anywhere. W: I cant remember you carrying it here. Think about it one more time. M: Thats right. I left it at home.Thats right. I left it at home. Q: Where is the mans laptop? Conversation 4Conversatio

6、n 4 M: How is your work going? W: I think I will be finished soon. M: Well, I wont be finished for a while. Q: What can be inferred about the man? Conversation 5Conversation 5 W: When are doctor Petermans office hours? M: Monday, Wednesday and Friday from 10 a.m. to noon. W: Thats not very convenien

7、t for me. I have pathology class thenI have pathology class then. Q: What is the man? Conversation 6Conversation 6 W: Hello, Eric, what can I do for you? M: I was wondering if you had the results. W: Oh, yes, the results. Weve got them. M: Great. W: Here we go. Urea (尿素) 2.6 , Sodium ( 鈉) 136, and P

8、otassium (鉀) 3.9. M: 3.5. W: No, thats 3.9. Q: What is the mans sodium level? Conversation 7Conversation 7 M: Hello, this is Don North from PediatricsPediatrics. Id like a word with Doctor Wilson if its possible. W: Im sorry, but he left for left for Michigan to attend a conferenceMichigan to attend

9、 a conference this morning. He was in fact looking for you just before he left. Q: What is true about Doctor Wilson? Conversation 8Conversation 8 M: I spent my one-month salary buying a pair of skis. W: Are you crazy? Youve got a a ski feverski fever. Q: What can we say about the man? Conversation 9

10、Conversation 9 W: Most people feel culture shock when traveling to a foreign culture. M: Thats for sure. But they But they should do as Romans doshould do as Romans do. Q: According to the man, what are people supposed to do when traveling to a foreign culture? Conversation 10Conversation 10 W: Cind

11、y just got divorced. M: So soon! She got married only last summer. W: Well, she found out that her her husband was not the millionaire husband was not the millionaire she thought he was. Q: What does the woman imply about Cindy? Conversation 11Conversation 11 M: Kate was the only one brave brave eno

12、ugh enough to speak her mind at the meeting today. M: Yeah, a lot of people felt the same way, but were too scared to say but were too scared to say anything. She just voiced the aspiration of them. Q: Which of the following words can best describe Kate? Conversation 12Conversation 12 W: Why didnt y

13、ou come to work yesterday? M: I was feeling a little under the under the weatherweather. W: Did you go to see the DOC? M: No, nothing serious. Q: Why didnt the man go to work yesterday? Conversation 13Conversation 13 M: Have you heard of the magazine The World of English? W: Of course. It is one of

14、many English magazines that are now flying off book seller shelvesflying off book seller shelves. Q: What does the woman imply about the The World of English? Conversation 14Conversation 14 M: Hello Doctor Marks. Its Tim Tailor from at ANNE Edinburgh Central. W: Hello. M: Ive got a young woman, a 30

15、-year-old woman referred up by her GP GP with a kind of perineal abscess for about 10-15 days. W: Right. M: Shes been on antibioticsantibiotics and basically it needs to be incisedincised. Can you take her? W: Of course. Whats the patients name? Q: What is the woman? Conversation 15Conversation 15 W

16、: What do you know about treatments of cancer? M: ChemotherapyChemotherapy. But that makes your hair fall out, doesnt it? W: Yes, there are some unpleasant side-side- effectseffects. Im not sure we need to consider that at this stage. We should see whether a series of injection will help. Q: What tr

17、eatment will the man probably receive first? 短對(duì)話答案匯總短對(duì)話答案匯總 B D C B DB D C B D D D D C CD D D C C B B C B CB B C B C DialogueDialogue 話題：豬流感話題：豬流感 swine fluswine flu respiratory ailment 呼吸病 susceptible 易受影響的 mutate 變異 mammal 哺乳動(dòng)物 fatigue 疲乏 sore throat 喉嚨痛 show up 現(xiàn)身 antiviral study 抗病毒研究 答案：答案：B B

18、B A BB B B A B Passage 1Passage 1 話題：噪音引起的失聰話題：噪音引起的失聰 noise-induced noise-induced hearing losshearing loss impairing 引起損傷的 cocktail雞尾酒，混合 nutrient營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素 magnesium鎂 metabolic activity 代謝活動(dòng) trial 試驗(yàn) 答案：答案：A B A C CA B A C C Passage 2Passage 2 話題：肥胖孕婦對(duì)胎兒的影響話題：肥胖孕婦對(duì)胎兒的影響 Abnormality 異常 Obese肥胖的 Neural tu

19、be 神經(jīng)管 Spinal cord 脊柱 Palate 上顎 答案：答案：A D C A BA D C A B 20132013年真題年真題VocabularyVocabulary答案答案 Section ASection A D B C A B C A C D A D B C A B C A C D A Section BSection B C D B C A D A B A C C D B C A D A B A C 20132013年真題年真題ClozeCloze答案答案 話題：游戲?qū)σ暳Φ拇龠M(jìn)作用話題：游戲?qū)σ暳Φ拇龠M(jìn)作用 A B B D C D C A D B 20132013年真

20、題年真題 Text 1Text 1 主題句 Those with a biological biological predispositionpredisposition to violent behavior who are brought up in abusiveabusive homes are very likely to become lifelong criminals. 答案：答案： B C D D BB C D D B 20132013年真題年真題 Text 2Text 2 主題句主題句 Three developments featured in this issue co

21、llectively give grounds for give grounds for optimism that would have been scarcelyscarcely believable a year ago in the wake ofin the wake of another failed vaccine and continuing problems supplying drugs to all who need them. 答案：答案： B A B B DB A B B D 20132013年真題年真題 Text 3Text 3 主題句主題句 Not so. Ans

22、wering them is the focus of a burgeoningburgeoning field that brings together archaeology and neuroscience. It aims to chart the development of human cognitivecognitive powers. 答案：答案： B A C C BB A C C B 20132013年真題年真題 Text 4Text 4 主題句主題句 A warmer world wont just be inconvenient. will actually be uni

23、nhabitableuninhabitable- too hot, dry or stormy to sustainsustain a human population. It could materializematerialize if the world warms by an average of just 4C, So what are we going to do about it? 答案：答案： A D A D BA D A D B 20132013年真題年真題 Text 5Text 5 主題主題 有關(guān)捐贈(zèng)精子造成嬰兒先天缺陷的案例。有關(guān)捐贈(zèng)精子造成嬰兒先天缺陷的案例。 討論受捐

24、母親是否能夠起訴相關(guān)部門(mén)以獲討論受捐母親是否能夠起訴相關(guān)部門(mén)以獲 得補(bǔ)償。得補(bǔ)償。 答案：答案： C A B D CC A B D C 20132013年真題年真題 Text 6Text 6 主題：主題： 討論美國(guó)的食品行業(yè)（討論美國(guó)的食品行業(yè)（Ground Beef Ground Beef 碎牛碎牛 肉）污染問(wèn)題，揭示該行業(yè)的潛規(guī)則。肉）污染問(wèn)題，揭示該行業(yè)的潛規(guī)則。 答案：答案： C D A C CC D A C C 摘要寫(xiě)作摘要寫(xiě)作 信息的分析、歸納、綜合、提煉、概括與信息的分析、歸納、綜合、提煉、概括與 組織。組織。 英文的書(shū)面表達(dá)能力。英文的書(shū)面表達(dá)能力。 避免三種現(xiàn)象：避免三種現(xiàn)象

25、： 摘抄原文摘抄原文 片面的理解片面的理解 重要信息的遺漏重要信息的遺漏 考場(chǎng)點(diǎn)睛考場(chǎng)點(diǎn)睛 在開(kāi)頭、結(jié)尾段找出中心詞，主旨句 各段落里找出分論點(diǎn) 串聯(lián)后組織整體結(jié)構(gòu) 切忌照抄或逐字翻譯 切忌引用過(guò)細(xì)的例子、人名、數(shù)字或原話 近幾年出題和閱卷規(guī)律近幾年出題和閱卷規(guī)律 段落結(jié)構(gòu)清晰。段落結(jié)構(gòu)清晰。 小標(biāo)題時(shí)有時(shí)無(wú)。小標(biāo)題時(shí)有時(shí)無(wú)。 有小標(biāo)題有小標(biāo)題 (2008,2012,2013)(2008,2012,2013) 無(wú)小標(biāo)題無(wú)小標(biāo)題 (2009,2010,2011(2009,2010,2011） 無(wú)明顯的起始段和結(jié)論段。無(wú)明顯的起始段和結(jié)論段。 閱卷更重視語(yǔ)言表達(dá)（淡化內(nèi)容）。閱卷更重視語(yǔ)言表達(dá)（淡

26、化內(nèi)容）。 近十年醫(yī)博摘要寫(xiě)作匯總近十年醫(yī)博摘要寫(xiě)作匯總 年份年份中文標(biāo)題中文標(biāo)題英文標(biāo)題英文標(biāo)題 2004 入世后看病如何挑醫(yī)院入世后看病如何挑醫(yī)院 How to choose a hospital after joining the WHO? 2005 艾滋病是全世界的威脅艾滋病是全世界的威脅AIDS is the threat to the whole world 2006 走路與健康走路與健康Walking and Health 2007 手術(shù)與術(shù)前恐慌手術(shù)與術(shù)前恐慌Operation and Pre-operative Fear 2008 珍愛(ài)生命從護(hù)心開(kāi)始珍愛(ài)生命從護(hù)心開(kāi)始Bett

27、er Heart, Better Life 2009 水果是否可吃可不吃水果是否可吃可不吃Are fruits indispensable or not? 2010 新興學(xué)科：藥物心理學(xué)新興學(xué)科：藥物心理學(xué) A New Discipline: Medicine Psychology 2011 吃出健康吃出健康Better Diet, Better Health 2012 電腦、網(wǎng)絡(luò)與健康電腦、網(wǎng)絡(luò)與健康Computer, Internet and Health 2013 健康處方幫你走出健康處方幫你走出“第第 三狀態(tài)三狀態(tài)” Health Prescription Gets You out o

28、f the Third Condition 健康處方幫你走出健康處方幫你走出“第三狀態(tài)第三狀態(tài)” Health Prescription Gets Health Prescription Gets You out of the Third StateYou out of the Third State Health Tips Keep You Away Health Tips Keep You Away from the Third Statefrom the Third State 文章要點(diǎn)文章要點(diǎn) 第一段：開(kāi)場(chǎng)白，引出主題第一段：開(kāi)場(chǎng)白，引出主題 ( (何為第三何為第三 狀態(tài)？狀態(tài)？) )

29、 第二第二/ /三段：展開(kāi)討論，具體的健康處三段：展開(kāi)討論，具體的健康處 方方 ( (膳食營(yíng)養(yǎng)、維他命、心理放松、膳食營(yíng)養(yǎng)、維他命、心理放松、 親近自然、高質(zhì)量午睡親近自然、高質(zhì)量午睡) ) 第四段：結(jié)尾段第四段：結(jié)尾段 ( (總結(jié)全文總結(jié)全文) ) Key WordsKey Words 激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng) fierce competitionfierce competition 情緒低落情緒低落 low spiritslow spirits 灰色狀態(tài)灰色狀態(tài) grey stategrey state 均衡營(yíng)養(yǎng)均衡營(yíng)養(yǎng) balanced nutritionbalanced nutrition

30、 合理膳食合理膳食 reasonable dietreasonable diet 不可或缺的營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)不可或缺的營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì) indispensable indispensable nutrientsnutrients 精力充沛精力充沛 plenty of energyplenty of energy 事業(yè)有成事業(yè)有成 successful careersuccessful career 心理平衡心理平衡 psychological balancepsychological balance 午后打盹午后打盹 (after-lunch) nap(after-lunch) nap 第一段第一段 引出主題

31、引出主題 There is no denying that There is no denying that todays fierce competition has made it inevitableinevitable for us to confront various challenges. As a As a resultresult, we can hardly work and live with full energy, and tend to experience tend to experience constant constant low spirits, fati

32、gue, insomnia, headache and loss of concentration. HoweverHowever, hospitals wont admit us as a patients. Medical science categorizes/classifies this neither- healthy-nor-ill condition as “grey state” or “third state”. For this common physical problem, medical experts have worked out some simple and

33、 useful health prescriptions/tips. 第二段第二段 展開(kāi)論述展開(kāi)論述 First and foremost, balanced nutrition and diet is necessary for human body. Daily diet is supposed to include nutrients like sugar, protein, minerals and vitamins. Eating more or less than normal may also lead to “grey state”. Besides, vitamins can

34、 work wonder, especially for mental workers and office staff. For example, fish and liver, which are rich in vitamin A, can protect our eyesight. Fresh vegetables and fruits, rich in vitamin C, are helpful to people with tremendous pressure. Whats more, we need to free our mind. A research by American scientists finds that mental health