主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)使用

1、主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)補充材料概念：主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者.被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞1?7.8.9.10.11.12.四.被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)：以為work例一般現(xiàn)在時： am / is/are+ worked 一般過去時: was / were+ worked 一般將來時：shall / will +be+ worked 過去將來時：should / would+ worked 現(xiàn)在進行時: am /is/are+ being+ worked 過去進行時: was /were+ being+ worked 過去進行時: was/were +

2、being +worked 現(xiàn)在完成時: have/has+ been+ worked 過去完成時: had +been+ worked 將來完成時：shall/ will +have been +worked 過去將來完成時:should/would +have been+ worked 情態(tài)動詞(can/may/must/should etc.)+be+動詞的過去分詞 用法：當(dāng)我們不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時或者 只需強調(diào)動作的承受者時，要用被動語態(tài)。五. 方法：Many people speak English.主動語態(tài)）En glish is spoke n

3、 by many people.（被動語態(tài)）六. 注意以下問題：A. 帶有雙賓語的動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，可以把其中一個賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的 主語，若將直接賓語（sth.）變?yōu)橹髡Z，須根據(jù)習(xí)慣在原間接賓語前加上介詞 to 或 for .用 to 的常見詞有：give, show, send, lend, pass, pay, teach, throw, take, bring etc. 用 for 的常見詞有： make, choose, sing, play, draw, save, buy, get, leave, cook etc.1. Mary gave him some books.as

4、give n some books by Mary.Some books were given to him by Mary.2. Her latlicr boueht her a new bike.She was bought a new bike by her father.A new bike was bought for her by her father.B. 帶復(fù)合賓語（賓語+賓語補足語）的動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，只能將賓語變 為被動語態(tài)的主語，賓語補足語不可變?yōu)橹髡Z。eg, 1, Wc call him Gina. He is called Gina （by lls）.2. They

5、 made me happy.1 was made happy（ by them）.3 He asked me to come here.I was asked to come here (by him)C. 在see, let, make, hear, watch et動詞之后，作賓語補足語的動詞不定式不帶to，但在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，則一定要加上to。eg.saw them play football just now.They were seen io play football jusi now.2.We ofte n hear her sing in En glish.She is ol

6、lcn heard to sing in English.D. 在某些 不及物動詞+介詞/副詞”相當(dāng)于及物物動詞)的句子中，變被動語 態(tài)時，注意不要丟掉介詞/副詞。eg.1. People cfieri talk about dial Him.That film is often talked about,2. We should speak to the old people politely.Ihc old people should be spoken io politely.E. 當(dāng)動詞+賓語+賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，將賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)中的主語，其余不動。例女口 :Some o

7、ne caught the boy smok ing a cigarette可 改為The boy was caught smok ing a cigarette.F. need表示需要時，后面常接doing形式表示被動意義，相當(dāng)于 to be done . All the computers n eed repairi ng .= All the computers n eed被動語態(tài)專項練習(xí)一、選擇題()1.a new libraryin our school last year?A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; buil

8、d)2. An accide ntA. has bee n happe nedC. is happe ned)3.Cotton (棉花)_on this road last week.B. was happe nedD.happenedin the southeast of China.A. is grow nB. are grow nC. grows D. grow)4. So far, the moonby man already.A. is visitedB. will be visitedC. has bee n visited D. was visited()5. A talk on

9、 Chinese historyin the school hall next week.A. is give n B. has bee n give n C. will be give n D. gives()6.How many treesthis year?A. are pla nted B. will pla nt C. have bee n pla nted D. pla nted()7.A lot of thi ngsby people to save the little girl now.A. are doingB. are being doneC. has bee n don

10、e D. will be done()8. -Whe nthis ki nd of computers? -Last year.A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used()9. The Great Wallall over the world.A. knowsB. knewC. is knownD. was known()10.Whothis book?A. did; writte n B. was; writte n by C. did; writte nD. was; writte n()11.A storyby Granny ye

11、sterday.A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us( )12.The mon key was see noff the tree.A. jumpB. jumps C. jumped D. to jump()13.The school bagbeh ind the chair.A. putsB. can be put C. can be putted D. can put()14.Older peoplewell.A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look

12、after D. looked after()15.0ur teachercarefully.A. should be liste ned to B. should be liste nC. be liste nedD. is liste ned二、用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的正確形式填空。(請注意時態(tài)和語態(tài)兩個方面)二、用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的正確形式填空。(1X20=20分)(請注意時態(tài)和語態(tài)兩個方面噢)1. will be built 2. is being discussed 3. is spoken 4. hasn t been found 5. werecut 6.are told 7. must

13、 be sent 8. are sold 9.are made , are m ade 10. betake n 11.is clea ned 12. be see n 13. have bee n watered 14. sells 15. hasbee n 16. smells 17 is dancing1. Its said據(jù)說)that the long bridge(build) in two mon ths.3. Which Ianguagethe most widely(speak) in the world ?4. The lost boy(not find) so far.5

14、. Last year a large number of treescut) down.6. The stude ntsofte n(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.7. The old man is ill. He(must sen) to the hospital.8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits(sell) in this shop.9. Whatknives (make) of ?They(make) of metal金 屬)and wood.10. Can the magaz ine(take)

15、out of the library?11. The room(clea n) by me every day.12. The stars can t(see) in the daytime.13. Some flowers(water) by Li Mi ng already.14. This kind of shoes(sell) well.15. How longyour un cle(be) in the city?16. The food(smell) delicious.17. Look! Some one(dan ce).三、按要求改寫下列句子，一空一詞。1. Is tea gr

16、ow n in South Chi na (改為主動語態(tài))peopletea in South Chin？2. I am given a birthday present by my parents every year (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)A birthday prese ntby my pare nts every year3. The work is going to be finished in two days.對戈U線提問)How the work going to be fini shed ?4. The childre n will si ng an En glish song.改為

17、被動語態(tài))An En glish songby the childre n.5. You need nt do it now.(改為被動語態(tài))It by you now.6. People use metal for making machines.改為被動語態(tài))Metalmaki ng machi nes.7. He made me do that for him.改為被動語態(tài))Ithat for him.8. They are watch ing the football match.The football match by them.9. Did they build a bridge

18、 here a year ago?改為被動語態(tài))a bridgehere by them a year ago?10. They have sold out the light gree n dresses改為被動語態(tài)The light gree n dressesout.11. We call the game“ Lianlianl改為被動語態(tài))The game “ Lianliankan ” by us.一、選擇題(2X15=30分)1. B2. D3.A 4. C5. 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.C 10. B11.B 12.D 13.B 14. B15.A二、用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的正確形式填空。（1X20=20分）（請注意時態(tài)和語態(tài)兩 個方面噢）l.will be built 2. is being discussed 3. is spoken 4.