倒裝句用法歸納

1、倒裝句用法歸納部倒裝；只有部分謂語放在主語前稱為部分倒裝或半倒裝。、部分倒裝：所謂部分倒裝，就是把謂語的一部分，即將be動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞部分放在主語前面，也叫局部倒裝或不完全倒裝。主要有以下幾種情況：1、only修飾狀語(副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句)置于句首時，用部分倒裝。only修飾狀語置于句首時，句子用部分倒裝；only修飾狀語從句時，主句用部分倒裝，從句不倒裝。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：Only + 副詞/介詞短語 + be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞 + 主語 + 謂語 + 其他；Only + 狀語從句 + 主句（be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞 + 主語 + 謂語 + 其他）。如：Only then did

2、 I realize that I was wrong.直到那時，我才意識到我錯了。（副詞then）Only in this way can you make progress in your English.只有這樣，你的英語才能進步。（介詞短語in this way）Only when a great deal more information has been obtained, will it be possible to plan a manned trip to Mars.只有得到了更多的信息時，才有可能計劃去火星的載人飛行。（only修飾when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句用陳述語序，主句

3、用倒裝語序。）Only yesterday did I find out my old diary.昨天我才找出舊時的日記。Only in this way did we solve the problem.只有用這種方法我們才解決了問題。Only because she is a girl do they refuse to accept her.僅只因為她是個女孩他們拒絕接受她。2、某些表示否定意義的副詞、連詞置于句首時，句子要用部分倒裝。常見的具有否定意義副詞或連詞有：little, never, nowhere, hardly, seldom, barely, no more, no

4、longer, not until，by no means (= in no case= on no account決不), in no way（一點也不）， in no time（立刻）, at no time（任何時候都不）, on no condition（無論如何也不）等。但表示否定意義的but for（倘沒有，要不是）置于句首時，主謂不倒裝。如：Nowhere was the key to be found.到處都找不到鑰匙。By no means shall I change the plan.我決不改變計劃。No longer will I believe a word you

5、say.我不再相信你說的任何話了。In no case are you to leave your post.你決不可離開你的崗位。Under no circumstances should we give up hope.我們決不放棄希望。Seldom do I quarrel with her.我很少與她爭吵。Never in my life have I seen such a thing.我一生中從沒有見到過這種事。Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.直到我開始工作，我才理解到已蹉跎了幾多

6、歲月。Never have I seen such an exhibition.我從未見過這樣的展覽。Not until quite recently did I hear of that famine in Africa.直到最近我才聽說非洲的那場饑荒。Little did we know that the sea may offer us new sources of energy.我們一點也沒想到海洋可能為我們提供新能源。But for his help I couldnt pass the examination.要不是他的協(xié)助，我不能通過這次考試。3、在not only but (a

7、lso)結(jié)構(gòu)中，以not only開頭的并列句子，not only分句用部分倒裝，but (also)分句不倒裝。如：Not only does she play football, but also she climbs mountains.她不但踢足球，而且還爬山。Not only can we design but we can manufacture.我們不但能設(shè)計而且還能制造。4、以hardly/scarcely when, no sooner than等引導(dǎo)的句子中，hardly/scarcely, no sooner置于句首時，主句部分倒裝，從句不倒裝。如：Hardly had

8、he got into the room when the telephone rang.他剛進屋電話就響了。No sooner had I closed the door than somebody started knocking on it.我剛頭上門就有人敲門。Hardly had he finished when his boss hung up.他還沒來得及說完，他的上司就把電話掛了。No sooner had she arrived home than it rained.她剛到家就下起雨來了。5、某些so開頭的句子置于句首時，需用部分倒裝。so開頭的句子置于句首，具備下列三個條

9、件時，通常用倒裝語序：so的詞義是“也”；前句單個肯定句；前句和so句不是同一個主語。其句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：So + be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞 + 主語，表示前面的肯定情況也適用于后者。如：He was right, and so are you.他過去是對的，而你現(xiàn)在也是對的。She has gone to Beijing, so has he.她去北京了，他也去了。She loves pop music, so do I.她喜歡流行音樂，我也如此。He is one of your customers. So am I.Their economy has developed rapidly. S

10、o has ours.Advertising can promote goods. So can after-service（售后服務(wù)）.【注】so的詞義是“的確、當然”，而不是“也”，表示對上句的贊同和肯定時，so句與前句是同一主語，so開頭的句子不需要倒裝。如：-It was cold yesterday.昨天天冷。 -So it was.是的，夠冷的?！咀斍懊嫠f的情況由兩個或更多的句子來陳述，而這個情況也適用于后者時，其句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：So it is/was + with + 主語。如：She was in poor health and hardly did housework, s

11、o it was with her husband.她身體虛弱，幾乎不做家務(wù)活兒，她丈夫也是如此。6、在neither/nor引起的說明前面的否定情況也適用于后者的句型中，置于句首時，句子需用部分倒裝。其句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：Neither/Nor + + be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞 + 主語（與前一句不是同一主語），意為“也不”。如：I havent been to England. Neither/Nor has he.我沒有去過英國，他也沒去過。The first one wasnt good. Neither was the second.He did not accept the condit

12、ions. Neither did she.She will not do such a thing. Neither will her sister.7、在含有were, had, should的虛擬條件從句中，如果省略if，將were, had或should置于句首時，從句要用部分倒裝。如：Were I here, I should go.如果我在這里，我會去的。Had she come earlier, she would have caught the train.要是她早一點來，就能夠趕上火車了。Should it rain, the crops would be saved.如果下

13、雨，莊稼就得救了。Should I do the experiment, I would do it some other way.要是我來做這個實驗我會采用其他方式。Had he been here, he would have helped you.他要是（當時）在這里，他會協(xié)助你的。8、as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句時，用部分倒裝。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，表達一種較強的語意，其用法較為特殊。在as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句右，通常作表語的形容詞、分詞或不帶冠詞的名詞，作狀語的副詞，動詞原形放在as前面，其結(jié)構(gòu)是：a./v.-ing/n.(不帶冠詞)+ as + 主語 + is/are；ad. + as

14、+ 主語 + 謂語（實義動詞）；do(動詞原形)+ as + 主語 + 助動詞/情態(tài)動詞。如：Poor as she is, she is very honest.她人窮志不短。Child as he is, she knows a lot.她雖然是個小孩，但她懂得很多。Injured as he was,he continued to give comfort and first aid t the other passengers.他雖然受了傷，但他繼續(xù)安慰和救助其他乘客。Try as he does, he will never be top of his class.雖然他努力，但在班

15、里總成不了第一名。Hard as he tried, he didnt pass the exam.他雖然努力了，但考試未能及格。9、only修飾前置賓語或前置賓語由“not a/an + (single) + 單數(shù)名詞”構(gòu)成時，句子部分倒裝。如：Only five men did he see.他只看到了5個人。Not a single mistake did she make.她一點錯誤也沒有出。10在so/such that句型中，如果so/such引導(dǎo)的部分置于句首時，主句用倒裝語序，從句用正常語序。如：So interesting is the table tennis game t

16、hat people all over the world play it.乒乓球運動非常有趣，世界上到處都有人從事這項活動。So small can a TV set be made that it may be easily placed in a watch.電視機能夠被做得很小以致能夠很容易將它裝在手表里。So hard did Jenny work in the shop that she had her pay raised soon.珍妮在商店里工作非常努力，不久就增加了工資。Such a good boy is he that we all love him.他是那么好的一個孩

17、子，我們都喜歡他。11、疑問句是部分倒裝句型。如：Do they work in the factory? 他們在這家工廠上班嗎？When did you arrive here? 你什么時候到這兒的？但疑問詞在句中作主語的特殊疑問句是正常語序，不是倒裝。如：Who runs the factory? 誰經(jīng)營這家工廠?、全部倒裝：全部倒裝就是把謂語動詞全部直接放在主語之前，不需借助情態(tài)動詞或助動詞。常見的全部倒裝有：1.副詞up, down, in, out, away, now, then, over, off, back, thus等放在句首以表示強調(diào)，謂語動詞是come, go, rus

18、h, run, follow, begin, end, be等不及物動詞時，句子全倒裝，但如果人稱代詞作主語則不用倒裝。如：Now comes your turn.現(xiàn)在輪到你了。Out went the children.孩子們出去了。Then followed shot of gun.接著是一聲槍響。Off went the horses.這些馬走脫了。Thus ended the meeting.會議就這樣結(jié)束了。The door opened and in came Mr. Smith, our headmaster.門開了，史密斯先生，我們的校長走了進來。Back fought our

19、 soldiers.我們的士兵還擊了。Over turned the huge stone.這塊巨石翻了個滾。Up and up go the prices.價格漲得越來越高。Up flew the arrow into the sky.箭嗖得一聲射入天空。Down drops the meat into the foxs mouth.這塊肉往下一落，掉入狐貍的嘴里。Down sat the old woman in the chair when she heard the bad news.當老婦人聽到那壞消息時，她一下子癱在椅子上。Away he went without saying a

20、 word.他一句話也沒說就走了。（主語是人稱代詞he，故went與he不需倒裝）In he came and the lesson began.他走進來開始上課。Back they fought.他們還擊了。Up it flew.它往上飛了。2、以here, there，引起的句子要用全部倒裝。除了使用be以外，還能夠用表示不確定含義、狀態(tài)或主動的動詞，如：seem, live, appear, come, exist, go, remain, follow, happen, enter等。注意主語是人稱代詞時，主謂不需倒裝；here, there放在句首通常用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：Here is

21、 a letter for you.有你一封信。There comes the bus! 車來了!There goes the bell.鈴響了。There he comes.他來了。Here it is.它在這兒。There is nobody in the classroom.教室里空無一人。There seems something wrong about it.這事好像有什么毛病。There happened an event last week.上周出了一件事。There lived a girl named Aqiao long ago.很久以前這兒住了一位叫阿巧的姑娘。There

22、 stands a temple on the top of the mountains.山頂有座廟。There lies a deep pond at the foot of the hill.山腳下有一口深塘。There exist different opinions on this question.關(guān)于這個問題還有不同意見。Here are coats for young people.這兒有年輕人穿的外衣。Here is a seat for you, Wang Lin.王林，這兒有你的座位。3、當句首狀語是表示地點的介詞短語時，要用全部倒裝。既是為了強調(diào)狀語，也是為了與下文緊密銜

23、接。如：In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.在英國一所大學(xué)的報告廳里坐著一位教授。Around the house are rows of trees, which were planted around 100 years ago.房屋四周有一排排的樹木，它們都是大約100年前種植的。4、直接引語的一部分或全部置于句首時，對話引導(dǎo)語采用全部倒裝。如：“You must come back on time,” said the mother.“你必須按時回來，”媽媽說。5、當“l(fā)ong live ”置于句首

24、表示祝愿時，主謂完全倒裝。如：Long live the friendship of the people all over the world! 全世界人民間的友誼萬歲!6、there be句型是全倒裝句型。如：There are some students in the classroom.教室里有幾位學(xué)生。There is a tall tree in front of the classroom.教室前面有一棵大樹。7、表語置于句首時，倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為“表語 + 連系動詞 + 主語”，屬全倒裝句型：形容詞 + 連系動詞 + 主語Present at the meeting were Mr.

25、Li, Mr. Wang and many other teachers.出席會議的有李老師、王老師和其他很多老師。分詞+ 連系動詞 + 主語Gone are the days when we used foreign oil.我們使用洋油的日子一去不復(fù)返了。Sitting in the front are the leaders of the school.從在前面的是學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。介詞短語+ be + 主語Among the goods are books, exercise-books, pens and some other things.在所有的貨物中有書、練習(xí)冊、鋼筆和其他東西。倒裝練

26、習(xí)題1.-It was careless of you to have left your clothes outside all night. -My God! _.(99上海)A. So did I B. So I did C. So were you D. So did you2.Not a single song _ at yesterdays party. (2000上海) A. she sang B. sang she C. did she sing D. she did sing3.Only when the war was over _ to his hometown. (20

27、01上海)A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier returned C. returned the young soldier D. the young soldier did return4.In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go, _. (2001上海) A. our holiday will be better B. our holiday will be the better

28、 C. the better our holiday will be D. the better will our holiday be5.So difficult _ it to live in an English speaking country that I determined to learn English. (2001上海) A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel6.Little _ about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself.

29、 (95上海) A. does he care B. did he care C. he cares D. he cared7.-David has made great progress recently. -_, and _. (97上海)A. So he has, so you have B. So he has, so have youC. So has he, so have you D. So has he, so you have8._ can you expect to get a pay rise. (2001北京春)A. With hard work B. Although

30、 work hard C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard9.As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn, _. (2002上海)A. the more for life are you equipped B. the more equipped for life you are C. the more life you are equipped for D. you are equipped the more for lif

31、e10.-You forgot your purse when you went out. -Good heavens, _. (2002上海)A. So did I B. So I did C. I did so D. I so did11.Not only _ interested in football but _ beginning to show an interest in it. (2002上海春)A. the teacher himself is, all his students areB. the teacher himself is, are all his studen

32、tsC. is the teacher himself, are all his studentsD. is the teacher himself, all his students are12.I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life _ so happy! (2002北京春)A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt13.Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the populat

33、ion was. (NMET 95)A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize14._, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. (NMET 97)A. However late is he B. However he is lateC. However is he late D. However late he is15.-Do you know J

34、im quarreled with his brother? -I dont know, _. (MET 91)A. nor dont I care B. nor do I careC. I dont care neither D. I dont care also16.Not a single word _ at the meeting. A. he said B. said he C. did he say D. he did say17.Shes passed the driving test, _. A. so am I B. so have I C. so I have D. als

35、o I have18._ so careless, I should have got a full mark in the final examination.A. Were I not B. Had I not been C. If I was not D. If I have not been19._ excited was he _ he can hardly express himself.A. Hardly, when B. Such, that C. So, that D. No sooner, that20._ succeed in doing anything.A. Only

36、 by working hard we can B. By only working hard we can C. Only we can by working hard D. Only by working hard can we21.-I can not se the picture well from here. -_.A. Neither cant I B. Neither can I C. Neither I can D. I cant neither22.-This is one of the oldest tree in this park. -_ such a big tree

37、.A. Never I have B. I havent seen C. Never have I seen D. I have seen never23.-Why cant I smoke? -At no time _ in the meeting room.A. does smoking is permitted B. is smoking is permittedC. smoking is permitted D. permits smoking24.Little _ about his health though he was very ill. A. did he care B. d

38、oes he care C. he cares D. he cared25.In such a hurry _ his office that he forgot to lock the door. A. did he leave B. he left C. he had left D. has he left26.Not once these years _ the prices of these products. A. did we changed B. have we changed C. did we change D. we have changed27.Not until I b

39、egan to work _ how much time I had wasted.A. didnt I realize B. did I realize C. I didnt realize D. I realized28.After that we never saw her again, nor _ from her. A. did we hear B. we heard C. had we heard D. we have heard29.Not for a second _ lose confidence. A. these students did B. did these stu

40、dents C. these students D. all these students about to30.Not only _ me a promise, but he also kept it. A. has he given B. gave he C. did he give D. he did give31.Away _. A. ran the dog B. the dog ran C. did the dog run D. is the dog running32.Seldom _ such a film like that. A. saw she B. does she se

41、e C. is she see D. sees she33._ entered room _ the telephone rang. A. Hardly had we, when B. Hardly did we, when C. Hardly had we, that D. We hardly had, when34.We visited the farm house _ with two front teeth missing. A. in front of which sat a boy B. where a boy sat C. in front of which a boy sat

42、D. where was a boy sitting35._, he cant explain all things in the universe. A. As he is a scientist B. As he is scientist C. Scientist as he is D. A scientist as he is36.Nowhere else in the world _ more friendly people than in China. A. you will find B. can you be able to findC. you may have found D

43、. can you find37._ the door than someone started knocking at it. A. I had closed no sooner B. I no sooner closed C. No sooner I had closed D. No sooner had I closed38._ got into the room _ the telephone rang. A. Hardly he had, when B. Hardly had he, when C. He had not, than D. Not had he, when 39.No

44、t until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is. A. man did know B. man knew C. didnt man know D. did man know40.-I dont think I can walk any farther. -_. Lets stop here for a rest. A. Neither am I B. Neither can I C. I dont think so D. I think so41.So _ that no fish can live in it. A. the lake is shallow B. shallow the lake isC. shallow is the lake D. is the lake shallow42.-Did you enjoy that trip? -Im afraid not. And _. A. my cl