直接引語變間接引語-賓語從句-公開課匯編

1、 直接引語與間接引語直接引語與間接引語 引述某人的話一般采用兩種形式：引述某人的話一般采用兩種形式： 一種是直接引語（一種是直接引語（direct speech), 即即原原 封不動地引用原話，把原話放在引號內封不動地引用原話，把原話放在引號內； 一種是間接引語（一種是間接引語（indirect speech)，即，即 用自己的話加以用自己的話加以轉述，被轉述的內容不轉述，被轉述的內容不 放在引號內放在引號內。 The boy said, I am smart. that he was smart.The boy said The butterfly said, I can fly. that

2、 it could fly.The butterfly said The teacher said, “I am preparing a lesson.” The teacher said that he was preparing a lesson. She said that she liked singing. She said that she was waiting for a bus. She said that she had never met an American. She said that she would see me the next week. SUMMARY

3、直接引語是直接引語是陳述句陳述句,變?yōu)殚g變?yōu)殚g 接引語時用連詞接引語時用連詞that引導的引導的賓語賓語 從句從句.從句中的人稱從句中的人稱,時態(tài)時態(tài),指示代指示代 詞詞,時間狀語時間狀語,地點狀語等相應變地點狀語等相應變 化化. whether/if we liked singing. “Do you like singing?” He asked whether/if I was a doctor. “Are you a doctor?” He asked He asked me, “What can I do for you?” He asked me what he could do

4、for me. Mary said to Ann, “How can you do that?” Mary asked Ann how she could do that. He asked them who had given them a talk . She asked us where we were going to get off. She asked me if/whether I had seen the film. He asked John if/whether he was a doctor. SUMMARY 直接引語是直接引語是一般疑問句一般疑問句, 變?yōu)殚g接引語時變?yōu)?/p>

5、間接引語時,用連詞用連詞if或或 whether連接。連接。 直接引語是直接引語是特殊疑問句特殊疑問句, 變?yōu)殚g接引語時變?yōu)殚g接引語時,仍用原來的仍用原來的 疑問詞疑問詞作連詞來引導。作連詞來引導。 He asked me, ”Are you from Beijing?” Tom asked Ann, “Do you like apples?” Tom asked Ann if she liked apples. He asked me if/whether I was from Beijing. If vs. whether I dont know whether/if they will

6、come to help us.(一般情況下可以通用) I dont know whether or not they will come for our help.(whether or not/ whether.or not) 直接引語是祈使句，變成間接引直接引語是祈使句，變成間接引 語時，把動詞原形變成動詞不定語時，把動詞原形變成動詞不定 式，并在動詞不定前加式，并在動詞不定前加tell, ask, order 等的賓語。例如：等的賓語。例如： The teacher ordered, Be quiet. The captain ordered us to be quiet. 注意：此種

7、情況的否定句，在動注意：此種情況的否定句，在動 詞不定式前加詞不定式前加not。 My teacher asked me, Dont laugh. My teacher asked me not to laugh. 直接引語直接引語間接引語：間接引語：人稱時態(tài)變化人稱時態(tài)變化 直接引語中的第一人稱，一般轉換為第三直接引語中的第一人稱，一般轉換為第三 人稱（一隨主）人稱（一隨主） He said, “I am very sorry.” He said that he was very sorry. 直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對 轉述人說的，轉換為第一人

8、稱（二隨賓）轉述人說的，轉換為第一人稱（二隨賓） “You should be more careful next time,” my father told me. My father told me that I should be more careful the next time. 直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對第三直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對第三 人稱說的，轉換成第三人稱（人稱說的，轉換成第三人稱（二隨賓）二隨賓） She said to her son, “Ill check your homework tonight.” She said to her son t

9、hat she would check his homework that night. 人稱的轉換包括人稱代詞、物主代詞和名詞性人稱的轉換包括人稱代詞、物主代詞和名詞性 物主代詞等，如：物主代詞等，如： He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me?” He asked me whether I would go to the station with him. （1） 一般現在時變?yōu)橐话阋话悻F在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去過去時時 （2） 現在進行時變?yōu)楝F在進行時變?yōu)檫^去過去進行時進行時 （3） 一般將來時變?yōu)橐话銓頃r變?yōu)檫^去過去將來時將來時 （4）

10、 現在完成時變?yōu)楝F在完成時變?yōu)檫^去過去完成時完成時 （5） 一般過去時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時變?yōu)檫^去過去完成時完成時 （6） 過去時態(tài)不變過去時態(tài)不變 直接引語直接引語間接引語：間接引語：時態(tài)的變化時態(tài)的變化 時態(tài)不變化：時態(tài)不變化： 直接引語是直接引語是客觀真理客觀真理 “The moon moves around the earth”, the teacher told me. The teacher told me the moon moves around the earth. 直接引語是直接引語是過去進行時過去進行時，時態(tài)不變，時態(tài)不變 Jack said, “John, where wer

11、e you going when I met you in the street?” Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street. 直接引語中有直接引語中有具體的具體的過去某年、某月、某日過去某年、某月、某日 作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變。作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變。 Xiao Wang said, “I was born on April 2l, 1980.” Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980. 直接引語如果是一般現在時。表示一種直接引語如果

12、是一般現在時。表示一種反復反復 出現或習慣性的動作出現或習慣性的動作，變間接引語，時態(tài)不變。，變間接引語，時態(tài)不變。 He said, “I get up at six every morning.” He said he gets up at six every morning. 如果直接引語中的如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動詞沒有過去時情態(tài)動詞沒有過去時 的形式的形式(例：例：ought to， had better, used to) 和和已經是過去時的形式時已經是過去時的形式時 (例：例：could, should, would, might) ，時態(tài)不再變。，時態(tài)不再變。 Peter sai

13、d, “You had better come here today.” Peter said I had better go there that day. 直接引語直接引語間接引語：間接引語：句式變化句式變化 直接引語如果是直接引語如果是陳述句陳述句，間接引語間接引語 應改為由應改為由that引導的引導的賓語從句賓語從句。 She said, “Our bus will arrive in five minutes.” She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes. 直接引語如果是直接引語如果是一般疑問句，一般疑問句，間接引語應改

14、間接引語應改 為由為由whether或或if引導的引導的賓語從句賓語從句. 但用但用陳述句陳述句 語序語序 He said, “Can you swim, John?” He asked John if he could swim. “Do you go to school by bus or by bike?” He asked me. He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike. “You have finished the homework, havent you?” my mother asked. My mother asked

15、 me whether I had finished the homework. 直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應該直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應該 改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導的賓語從句改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導的賓語從句 （賓語從句必須用陳述句語序）。（賓語從句必須用陳述句語序）。 She asked me, “When do they have their dinner?” She asked me when they had their dinner. 直接引語如果是祈使直接引語如果是祈使句，句，間接引語應根據語氣間接引語應根據語氣 改為改為“tell (ask, order,

16、 beg等等) sb. (not) to do sth.”句句 型。如：型。如： “Dont make any noise,” she said to the children. 告誡語氣告誡語氣 She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. “Bring me a cup of tea, please,” said she.要求語氣要求語氣 She asked him to bring her a cup of tea. 1. “I never eat meat,” he said. He said that _ never _

17、 meat. 2. “Ive found my wallet,” he said to me. He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet. 3. “I took it home with me,” she said. She said that _ _ _ it home with her. heate told hadfound his shehad taken 4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.” The teacher said that the sun _

18、in the east and _ down in the west. 5. “I met her yesterday,” he said to me. He _ me that he _ met her the day _. 6. “You must come here before five,” he said. He said that I _ to go _ before five. rises goes toldhad before hadthere 7. “I bought the house 10 years ago,” he said. He said that he _ bo

19、ught the house 10 years _. 8. “Did you see her last week?” he said. He _ _ I had seen her the week _. 9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.” He _ Jim that he _ sit there. had before asked whether / if before told could 10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?” He asked her mother _ _ _ found it. 11

20、. “Where have you been these days?” he asked. He asked me _ _ _been _ days. 12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked. He asked _ _ knew where she _. howshehad whereI had those if/whetherI lived 1.Did you understand_? A.what she said B.what to say C.what did she said D.how she had said 2.who can t

21、ell us_about over there? A.what they talk B.what are talking C.what do they talk D.what they are talking 3.The girl is thinking about _she will go abroad to study English next year. A.if B.what C.whether D.when 4.the teacher said that_. A.the sun moves around the earth B.the earth moved around the s

22、un C.the moon is our satellite D.the moon was our satellite A C C c 5.I dont know when he _back,Please tell him the news when he _back. A.come; will come B.comes;comes c.will come; comes D.will come; will come 6.I dont know if his uncle _.I think he _if he is free. A.will come; comes B.will come, wi

23、ll come C.comes comes D.comes ;will come 7.There is not much different between the two.I really dont know_. A.what should I choose B.which I should choose C.which should I chose D.what I choose 8.No one knows_. A.which gate we have to go B.which gate we must go C.which gate do we have to go to D.whi

24、ch gate we have to go to B B D C 9Do you know _? A. where does she live B. she lives where C. where she lives D. where she live 10. His parents wanted to know what he _at that time. A. is doing B. was doing C. has done D. will do C B 12Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find _? what Lily was B. what was Lily C. where Lily was D. where was Lily A. C 11.We dont know _. - It is said that he